2021版新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Module 4 Which English？課后達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè) 外研版選修8

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1、Module 4 Which English？ (建議用時(shí)：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2020·貴陽(yáng)適應(yīng)性考試一)Brits(英國(guó)人) are extremely bad at languages, with many of us relying on the fact that the rest of the world speak English. Only half(51%) are able to speak a second language to any standard and as more people travel abroad, this is bec

2、oming an increasing regret, according to a new study. Almost two-thirds(62%) of UK adults wish they were better at speaking languages. So they can better understand a city’s culture(38% of respondents), talk with locals(24%) and go beyond the guide book(21%)． Overcoming language barriers can be on

3、e of the most difficult parts of a holiday, particularly when in unfamiliar surroundings. So stressful in the fact that 10% of respondents said they didn’t travel because of the problem. The survey by Hostelworld showed that one in five blamed getting lost on the language barrier, while a similar n

4、umber had problems ordering food and one in ten got on the wrong train, plane or other form of transportation. If languages weren’t an issue then one in eight(12%) Brits would visit Japan. China, Italy and Russia were also popular choices. Despite the communication problem, Japan has seen a 7.5% in

5、crease in the number of British visitors between January and April, compared to this time last year. “The number of British travelers to Japan has been growing year on year，” according to Hollie Mantle, marketing and communication manager for the Japanese Tourist Board. “People are realizing that J

6、apan is one of the most hospitable and beautiful countries on earth, with so many new experiences for travelers to try, not to mention world-class cuisine！” They had this message for Brits thinking about visiting：“Though some travelers worry about language barriers, as soon as you arrive in Japan,

7、you’ll realize that people will go out of their way to help you enjoy their country. There really are few ‘barriers’—road signs and train stations are in English, you’ll find that people speak more English than they let on, and even when they don’t, they will go above and beyond to help you out.” 【

8、解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要介紹了語(yǔ)言障礙成為英國(guó)人出國(guó)旅游的一大顧慮。 1．What do we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Brits are poor at languages. B．Brits regret what they have done. C．Brits like relying on others. D．Brits are good at languages. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Brits(英國(guó)人) are extremely bad at languages, with many of us rel

9、ying on the fact that the rest of the world speak English.”點(diǎn)題，并結(jié)合對(duì)前兩段的整體理解可推知，英國(guó)人的語(yǔ)言能力比較差，故選A。 2．How many Brits can’t order food correctly because of language barriers? A．About 10%. B．About 12%. C．About 20%. D．About 21%. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The survey by Hostelworld showed that one in five blamed

10、 getting lost on the language barrier, while a similar number had problems ordering food”可知，1/5即20%的英國(guó)人因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言障礙不能正確點(diǎn)餐，故選C。 3．How is the text mainly developed? A．By analyzing causes. B．By giving examples. C．By making description. D．By listing data. D　解析：寫(xiě)作手法題。根據(jù)對(duì)文章的整體理解可知，本文列舉了大量的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)論證作者的觀點(diǎn)，由此可推知

11、，本文是通過(guò)列出數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)展開(kāi)的，故選D。 B (2020·福建三校第一學(xué)期聯(lián)考)Air pollution shortens human lives by more than a year, according to a new study from a team of leading environmental engineers and public health researchers. Better air quality could lead to a significant extension of lifespans(壽命) around the world. It is t

12、he first time that data on air pollution and the lifespan has been studied together in order to check how air pollution affects overall life expectancy. The researchers looked at outdoor air pollution from particulate matter(PM)(顆粒物) smaller than 2.5 microns. These particulates can enter deep into

13、the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is associated with the increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancer. PM 2.5 pollution comes from power plants, cars and trucks, fires, agriculture and industrial emissions(排放物)． Led by Joshua Apte, the team used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study to

14、measure PM 2.5 air pollution exposure and its consequences in 185 countries. They then quantified the national impact on life expectancy for each individual country as well as on a global scale. “The fact that air pollution is a major global killer is already well-known，” said Apte. “And we all car

15、e about how long we can live. Here, we were able to systematically identify how air pollution shortens lives around the world. What we found is that air pollution has a very large effect on survival—on average about a year globally.” In the context of other significant phenomena negatively affectin

16、g human survival rates, Apte said this is a big number. “For example, it’s considerably larger than the benefit in survival we might see if we found cures for both lung and breast cancer combined，” he said. “In countries like India and China, the benefit for elderly people of improving air quality w

17、ould be especially large. For much of Asia, if air pollution were removed as a risk for death, 60-year-olds would have a 15 percent to 20 percent higher chance of living to age 85 or older.” 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，良好的空氣質(zhì)量有益于延長(zhǎng)壽命，但是空氣污染使得細(xì)顆粒物進(jìn)入人體肺部，導(dǎo)致心臟病、癌癥、中風(fēng)發(fā)病率升高，從而影響人的壽命。 4．What do we know about P

18、M 2.5? A．It has a bad effect on human health. B．It will be controlled in the future. C．It mainly comes from industrial emissions. D．It spreads to the world from Asian countries. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“These particulates can enter deep into the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is associated with the inc

19、reased risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancer.”可知，PM 2.5影響人體健康，故A項(xiàng)正確。 5．What did the researchers do to study how air pollution affects the lifespan? A．They collected accurate information from all the Asian countries. B．They employed the research data to calculate the effect. C．They studied th

20、e disease and lifespan together time and time again. D．They measured particulate matter much more carefully than before. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It is the first time that data on air pollution and the lifespan has been studied together in order to check how air pollution affects overall life expectancy.”

21、可知，這是首次將空氣污染和壽命數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來(lái)研究，以查明空氣污染如何影響總體預(yù)期壽命。故B項(xiàng)正確。 6．What can be inferred from the text? A．The key to people living longer is good air quality. B．People think air pollution is the most dangerous killer to them. C．Apte will agree that people should take action to deal with air pollution. D．Factori

22、es should decrease the production of cars to stop air pollution. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“In countries like India and China, the benefit for elderly people of improving air quality would be especially large.”可知，Apte認(rèn)為改善空氣質(zhì)量對(duì)老年人有好處。據(jù)此可推知，他會(huì)同意人們采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)空氣污染，故C項(xiàng)正確。 7．What is the best title for the text?

23、 A．The Way Human Beings Enjoy a Longer Lifespan B．The Importance of Getting Rid of Air Pollution C．Asian People Are Suffering from Serious Air Pollution　 D．Air Pollution Reduces the Lifespan by More than One Year D　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段第一句“Air pollution shortens human lives by more than a year,

24、according to a new study from a team of leading environmental engineers and public health researchers.”為全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章通過(guò)介紹科學(xué)研究，說(shuō)明空氣污染導(dǎo)致人的壽命減少一年以上。故D項(xiàng)最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2020·濟(jì)南模擬)About one hundred years ago many educated people learned and spoke French when they met people from other countries.

25、Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners. 1.________ There are more people who speak English as a second language than people who speak English as a first language. Why is this? 2．________ One of them is that English has become the language of business. Another important reason is

26、that popular American culture(like movies and music) has quickly spread throughout the world. 3.________ Is it good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly? 4.________ It’s important to have a language that the people of the earth have in common. Our world has become very globa

27、l and we need to communicate with one another. On the other hand, English is a fairly complicated language to learn and it brings its culture with it. Do we really need that? Scientists have already tried to create an artificial language that isn’t too difficult and doesn’t include any group’s cult

28、ure. It is called Esperanto. 5.________ Maybe the popularity of English won’t last that long either. There are more people in the world who speak Chinese than any other language. Maybe someday Chinese will be the new international language. A．People like English. B．But it hasn’t become popular. C

29、．It has brought its language with it. D．There is no doubt about the question. E．This is why English was widely spoken. F．It has become the new international language. G．There are many reasons why English has become so popular. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要分析了英語(yǔ)作為國(guó)際語(yǔ)言流行的原因及對(duì)未來(lái)可能流行的語(yǔ)言的預(yù)測(cè)。 1．F　解析：根據(jù)第一段的前兩句可

30、知，大約一百年前很多有學(xué)問(wèn)的人學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)，并且在見(jiàn)到來(lái)自其他國(guó)家的人時(shí)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在大部分人見(jiàn)到外國(guó)人時(shí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。由此可推知，英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)成了新的國(guó)際性語(yǔ)言。故選F項(xiàng)。 2．G　解析：承接上文“Why is this？”，并結(jié)合本段中的“One of them is”和“Another important reason is”可推知，此空表述英語(yǔ)流行有諸多原因，故選G項(xiàng)。 3．C　解析：承接上文美國(guó)文化在全球的流行可知，它的語(yǔ)言也隨之而來(lái)，故選C項(xiàng)。 4．D　解析：承接上文的疑問(wèn)句，并結(jié)合下文的肯定陳述“It’s important to have a language that the peop

31、le of the earth have in common.”可知，此處是表示英語(yǔ)在全世界的傳播是一件好事，故選D項(xiàng)。 5．B　解析：結(jié)合下文“Maybe the popularity of English won’t last that long either.”可知，B項(xiàng)“但是它并沒(méi)有流行起來(lái)”符合語(yǔ)境，銜接上下文。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 (2020·綿陽(yáng)第一次診斷)Adam Braun established the organization Pencils of Promise in 2008. Its goal is 1.____________(make) sure all chi

32、ldren have a chance for education. It all started when he was a college student. Adam Braun was visiting India when 2.____________ girl stopped him on the street and asked for money. He asked her what she desired 3.____________(much) of all in the world. Astonishingly, her answer was “a pencil”. Th

33、e girl had never been to school before, and that was the 4.____________(real) for 57 million children around the world. After graduation, Adam Braun never forgot the girl and the problem of 5.____________(her). “We live in a world in which every single child can have access 6.____________ quality e

34、ducation. So I was determined to create schools in other places 7.____________children are hungry for education.” Adam Braun began to raise money for his project through social media. “We are working hard to make sure that the program is not just beautiful photos and videos of children, but that we

35、’re 8.____________(actual) seeing amazing results in the classroom. That’s why our 9.____________(kid) in Pencils of Promise schools progress fast from one grade to the next，” Braun said. Since then, it 10.____________(help) more than 22，000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要介

36、紹了Adam Braun建立了一個(gè)旨在幫助所有孩子接受教育的組織。 1．to make　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：它的目標(biāo)是確保所有的孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)接受教育。此處用不定式作表語(yǔ)。 2．a(chǎn)　解析：考查冠詞。句意：Adam Braun在印度游覽時(shí)，一個(gè)女孩在街上攔住了他，向他要錢(qián)。girl為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且此處是第一次提到，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。 3．most　解析：考查副詞的最高級(jí)。句意：他問(wèn)她在世界上她最想要什么。根據(jù)句意及空后的“of all”可知，此處表示“最想要”，故應(yīng)用副詞的最高級(jí)形式。 4．reality　解析：考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)女孩從來(lái)沒(méi)有上過(guò)學(xué)，這是全世界5 700萬(wàn)孩子的

37、現(xiàn)狀。此處定冠詞“the”后應(yīng)跟名詞。故用reality，意為“事實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí)”。 5．hers　解析：考查代詞。句意：畢業(yè)后，Adam Braun從來(lái)沒(méi)有忘記這個(gè)女孩和她的問(wèn)題。介詞of后應(yīng)跟名詞性物主代詞，表示“她的”，故此處應(yīng)用hers。 6．to　解析：考查介詞。此處考查固定搭配have access to sth.“有機(jī)會(huì)使用……”，故應(yīng)用介詞to。 7．where　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞other places，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用where。 8．a(chǎn)ctually　解析：考查副詞。句意：我們努力確保這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不只是孩子們漂亮的圖片和視頻，還有我們真正地看到課堂上令人驚嘆的成果。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞actually。 9．kids　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：Braun說(shuō)，這就是在Pencils of Promise學(xué)校的孩子們從一個(gè)年級(jí)到下個(gè)年級(jí)進(jìn)步迅速的原因。根據(jù)句意及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞progress可知，此處應(yīng)用kid的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 10．has helped　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：從那時(shí)起，它已經(jīng)幫助了非洲、亞洲和拉丁美洲的22 000多個(gè)孩子。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Since then”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 7