(新課標)2020屆高考英語一輪復習 專題一 語法基礎 考點十 名詞性從句(含解析)
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1、考點十 名詞性從句 限時25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1.________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. 答案:That 空格處引導主語從句。從句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,因此用that引導該主語從句。 2.Children should be reminded of ________ they should do in public places. 答案:what 句意:應該提醒孩子們在公共場所應該做些什么。所填詞引導賓語從句且在從句中作do的賓語,意為“……的事情”,故用what。 3.Dick enjo
2、ys painting but he knows the fact ________ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional. 答案:that 句意:迪克喜歡畫畫,但他知道自己沒有成為一名專業(yè)畫家所需要的(素質(zhì))。that引導同位語從句,說明fact的具體內(nèi)容。 4.Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly. 答案:whether 根據(jù)句子結構可知,設空處引導賓語從句;根據(jù)句意可判斷,設空處
3、意為“是否”,其前有介詞on,故填 whether。 5.I lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me ________ I can buy one? 答案:where where引導賓語從句,且在從句中作地點狀語。 6.It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 答案:that it為形式主語,真正的主語為后面的從句,從句中不缺少成分,且句意完整,因此用that。 7.________ breaks
4、the law will be punished. 答案:Whoever 句意:無論誰違法都將受到懲罰。主語從句中缺少主語,指人,并且表泛指,故用whoever。 8.She will give ________ needs help a warm support. 答案:whoever 句意:凡是需要幫助的人,她都會給予熱情的支持。由句意可知,應填whoever,在賓語從句中充當主語。 9.I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now. 答案:what 句意:我不知道那個女孩現(xiàn)在在房間里干什么。由句意可知,應填w
5、hat,在同位語從句中作賓語,且意為“……的事情”。 10.________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions. 答案:What 分析句子成分可知,主語從句中缺少主語,且指事物,因此用what。 11.Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 答案:when 句意:土豆被引入歐洲
6、的確切時間不能確定,但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子結構可知,設空處為主語從句的引導詞,從around 1565判斷,這里指時間,故填when。 12.It shocked the world ________ the United States withdrew from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal. 答案:that 句意:令世界震驚的是,美
7、國退出了它所承諾的一些主要協(xié)議,包括2015年《巴黎氣候變化協(xié)定》和2015年《伊朗核協(xié)議》。此處it是形式主語,真正的主語是that引導的主語從句。 13.I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure ________ to begin. 答案:where 句意:我現(xiàn)在需要幫助!我不得不修理洗手間里一個正在漏水的管子,但是我不確定從何處著手。此處表示是管子哪里漏水,表示地點,填where。 14.Forty grams of meat per day is ________ p
8、eople should consume in order to stay fit. 答案:what 句意:為了保持健康,人們每天應該消耗40克肉?!癬_______ people should consume”是表語從句,該從句中,consume缺少賓語,且表示“所……的東西”,故要用what引導該從句。 15.The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That's ________ he succeeded at last. 答案:why 句意:每次失敗后,這位著名的球員一次又一次地嘗試。那就是為什么他最終
9、成功了(的原因)。be后面的是一個表語從句,用why引導從句,表示結果,故填why。 16.The retired engineer is showing ________ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know. 答案:how 句意:這位退休的工程師正在展示輪椅如何爬樓梯,這是所有有好奇心的游客想知道的。由句意可知,填how,意為“怎么,如何”。這是how引導的賓語從句。 17.It hasn't been made clear ________ the new under
10、ground line is to be open to traffic. 答案:when 句意:新的地鐵線路何時開放還不清楚。由句意可知,填when。這是when引導的主語從句,it是形式主語。 18.The problem is ________ sometimes when we are given something on a constant basis, we start to take it for granted and forget to be thankful for what we already have. 答案:that 句意:問題是,有時候當我們不斷地被給予某
11、些東西時,我們就認為這是理所當然的,從而忘記了要對我們已經(jīng)擁有的東西應該心存感恩。由于從句中成分完整,因此應用that來引導,that在從句中只起連接作用,不作任何成分。 19.Ten percent of life is ________ happens to you and ninety percent is ________ you respond to it. 答案:what; how 句意:生活的百分之十是事件本身,另有百分之九十在于你如何回應它。分析句子結構可知,第一空引導表語從句,happens to you缺少主語,意為“什么事”,因此應用what來引導;第二空也引導表語
12、從句,you respond to it成分齊全,因此應用how,表方式。 20.After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at ________ we had been told was Garden in the Air. 答案:what 句意:經(jīng)過一天筋疲力盡的攀爬,我們終于到了那個被稱為“空中花園”的地方。分析句子結構可知,at為介詞,后面是一個賓語從句,we had been told為插入語,賓語從句中缺主語,且在句中意為“……的事物(東西)”,故用what。 21.Sometimes, ________ we show our
13、gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her. 答案:how 句意:有時我們?nèi)绾伪磉_對一個人的感激之情會體現(xiàn)在招待他或她的食物種類上。此處用how,表方式,引導主語從句。 22.It remains to be seen ________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 答案:whether 句意:這個計劃是否足夠可行來讓這個工程繼續(xù)下去,還有待于進一步觀察。whether引導主語從句,it是形式主語。
14、 23.Some summer camps can provide you with as many as ten courses, and you are required to choose ________ suits you best. 答案:whichever 句意:一些夏令營可以提供多達10門課程,你可以從中選擇最適合自己的課程。choose后面是賓語從句,從句中缺少主語,且前句提到范圍即as many as ten courses,故此處表示你最喜歡的任何一門,故填whichever。 24.It is reported that a huge percentage of
15、 bird species are in danger. It's ________ their habitats or homelands are disappearing. 答案:because 句意:據(jù)報道大部分鳥類正面臨危險。這是因為它們的棲息地或家園正在消失??崭裉幰龑П碚Z從句。根據(jù)前后兩句的關系,空格處表示因果關系,故使用because。 25.I just wonder ________ it is that all the villagers think highly of him. 答案:why 句意:我就是想知道為什么所有的村民對他的評價這么高。wonder后面用
16、why引導賓語從句。 26.If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ________ you have already filled out on this form. 答案:whatever 句意:如果你留下這個申請表不填,而去另一個網(wǎng)站,你將會丟失你在這個表格中已填好的任何東西。根據(jù)句意可知,是丟失已經(jīng)填好的表格內(nèi)容,用whatever引導。 27.________ they've managed to get everything finished so quickly
17、is not clear to us. 答案:How 句意:他們是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我們還不清楚。主語從句不缺少主語、賓語和定語,且由managed to get everything finished可知空格處是表示方式,因此填How。 28.A proposal was put forward at the meeting ________ the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the school. 答案:that 句意:一個建議在會上被提出來,新水泥廠不應該建在學校附近。本題考查的是同位語從句,句中的“that
18、the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the school”解釋說明名詞proposal。 29.The most exciting moment was ________ I was given the first prize. 答案:when 句意:我最興奮的時刻是我獲得第一名的時候。根據(jù)句中的“exciting moment”可知,此處是when引導的表語從句。 30.They are discussing the problem ________ they should stop investing money in that
19、project. 答案:whether 句意:他們正在討論是否應該停止向那個項目投資的問題。分析句子結構,空格后面是一個同位語從句,解釋前面“problem”的內(nèi)容,根據(jù)句意,缺少表示“是否”的詞,而if不能引導同位語從句,只能填whether。 二、單句改錯 1.The fact when he had not said anything surprised me. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:when→that 本句中含有同位語從句,解釋說明The fac
20、t的內(nèi)容,從句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,故引導詞用that。 2.That the fat boy needs is much more practice. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:That→What is前面的句子是一個主語從句,從句中缺少needs的賓語,且意為“……的事物(東西)”,因此應用what。 3.That we can arrive there on time depends on the weather. ________________
21、________________________________________________________ 答案:That→Whether 句意:我們是否能準時到達那里取決于天氣。whether引導的主語從句可置于句首,本句中的主語從句缺乏表示“是否”的連接詞,故將That改為Whether。 4.The reason why she doesn't like me is I make her angry. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:is后加that is
22、后是一個表語從句,從句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,因此應用that。表語從句中that不能省略。“The reason why ... is that ...”是一固定句型,意為“……的原因是……”。 5.I have been worrying about if I have hurt Mary's feelings. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:if→whether 賓語從句位于介詞之后,表“是否”時,只能用whether引導,不能用if。 6.That su
23、rprised us most was that Tom should have left without a word. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:That→What 引導主語從句并且在從句中作主語,且意為“……的事情”,應用What。 7.It's no longer a question now that man can land on the moon. __________________________________________________
24、______________________ 答案:that→whether 句意:現(xiàn)在,人類是否能登上月球已經(jīng)不再是一個問題了。句中it作形式主語,真正的主語是whether引導的從句。 8.The real reason why I don't have a hobby is because I don't have time. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:because→that 句意:我沒有愛好的真正的原因是我沒時間。表語從句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,因
25、此應用that。The reason why ... is that ... “……的原因是……”。 9.The news they had won the game soon spread over the whole country. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:news后加that 句意:他們贏得比賽的消息很快就傳遍了全國。that引導同位語從句,解釋前面的news 的內(nèi)容,that不能省略。 10.The organizers promise who w
26、ins the first prize a chance to go abroad. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:who→whoever 句意:組織者承諾無論誰獲得一等獎都會有出國的機會。在題干中,promise后面跟的是一個賓語從句,who指具體的“誰”,與題意不符;whoever是“無論誰”之意,相當于anyone who,可引導賓語從句,在從句中作主語,與題意相符。 11.Mary is a humorous and warm-hearted woman
27、and that is because she is a most popular person in her community. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:because→why 句意:瑪麗是一個很幽默而且很熱心的女人,這就是她為什么會成為社區(qū)里非常受歡迎的人。that is后引導的句子作is的表語,表結果,故用why。 12.The question is if they will be able to help us. _________________
28、_______________________________________________________ 答案:if→whether 句意:問題是他們是否能幫我們。本句中包含表語從句,if不連接表語從句,故將if改為whether。 13.In the office an electrical engineer is looking through the instructions to know whether the heat system works. ______________________________________________________________
29、__________ 答案:whether→how 句意:辦公室里一名電氣工程師正在瀏覽說明書為了弄明白供熱系統(tǒng)是如何工作的。know后是一個賓語從句,連接詞在從句中表示方式。根據(jù)句意可知,應將whether改為how。 14.I know nothing about him except he is from the south. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:except后加that except that是一個固定結構,連接賓語從句,故在except后加th
30、at。 15.He says the book is very interesting, and all the children love to read it. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:and后加that 動詞后接有兩個或者兩個以上的賓語從句時,第二個以及以后的賓語從句中的that不能省略。 名詞性從句(一) 名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句四種。 引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類: 連詞:that, whether, i
31、f (在從句中均不充當任何成分)。 連接代詞:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever等。 連接副詞:when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。 注意:that在名詞性從句中不作任何成分,但在主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中也不能省略,在引導賓語從句時,第一個賓語從句中的that可以省略;that引導的賓語從句作介詞的賓語時,that不可以省略;whether和if意為“是否”,在賓語從句中可以互換使用(注意介詞后面的賓語從句只能用whethe
32、r引導);在表語從句、同位語從句、主語從句且主語從句位于句首時,只能用whether。從句均用陳述語序。 一、主語從句 1.主語從句:在復合句中充當主語成分的從句。 That_he_passed_the_driving_test made us very happy. Who_will_take_over_the_company has not been decided yet. 2.為了防止一些句子頭重腳輕,通常用it作形式主語。 用it作形式主語的常用句型 ①It is+名詞(a fact, a shame, a pity, good news ...) that ...
33、 ②It is+形容詞(true, certain, clear ...) that ... ③It is+過去分詞(said, reported, believed ...) that ... ④It+不及物動詞(occurs, matters ... )+that從句 It_is_certain_that you will pass the College Entrance Exam. It_is_a_pity_that I missed the party held last night. It_is_reported_that the accident was cause
34、d by carelessness. It_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with her. 二、賓語從句 1.賓語從句:在復合句中充當賓語成分的從句。分為及物動詞的賓語從句、介詞的賓語從句、形容詞后的賓語從句。 Do you know who_has_got_the_first_prize? We are talking about whether_we_admit_students_into_our_club. I am sure I_will_pass_the_exam. 2.it作形式
35、賓語,常用的動詞有:find, make, feel, think, consider等。 I find it necessary that_we_do_some_reading_every_day. 3.有些動詞不能直接跟賓語從句,需要借助形式賓語it。常見的有l(wèi)ike, dislike, hate, love, enjoy, appreciate等。 I hate it when_people_speak_with_their_mouths_full. I would appreciate it if_you_could_stay_for_lunch. 4.在suggest, d
36、emand, insist, order 等動詞后的賓語從句中, 謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣,即 (should+)動詞原形。 She suggested that we (should)_not_go there for holiday. 限時25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1.(2017·北京高考)Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 答案:whoever 句意:每年,在風箏節(jié)上,制作出最漂亮的風箏的人會贏得一份獎品。設空處引導主語從句,從句中缺
37、少主語,且表示“無論誰”,故填whoever。 2.(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ________ she was heading. 答案:where 句意:簡在綠樹成蔭的街道上漫無目的地走著,不知道她要去哪里。設空處引導賓語從句,從句中缺少地點狀語,故用where引導。 3.(2016·北京高考)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust
38、. 答案:that 句意:雨季最令人愉悅的是人們可以完全不受灰塵的煩擾。分析句子結構可知,本空需要連接詞引導表語從句,連接詞在從句中不作任何成分,也無任何意義,只起連接作用,故用that引導。 4.(2017·江蘇高考)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge. 答案:what 句意:我們選擇這家賓館是因為這里住一晚上的價格降到了20美元,這是其過去要價的一半。設空處引導賓語從句。從句中缺少charge的賓語且表示“事
39、物”,故用what引導。 5.(2017·天津高考)She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't. 答案:whether/if 句意:她問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館,我承認我還沒有歸還。設空處引導的是賓語從句,根據(jù)句意可知,該賓語從句要用whether/if引導,表“是否”。 6.(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant. T
40、here is too much work to do. 答案:that 句意:經(jīng)理提出了一條建議,我們應該有個助手。有太多的工作要做。suggestion后是同位語從句,從句的結構和句意均完整,故用that引導。 7.(2016·北京高考)Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps. 答案:Whatever 句意:你的支持對于我們的工作很重要,不管你做什么都能幫助我們。分析句子結構可知,本空需要連接代詞whatever引導主語從句,并在從句中作do的賓語。 8.(2018·北京西城模擬)—Could
41、 you give me some advice on getting a job? —First, find out ________ you like doing best. 答案:what 句意:——你能給我一些有關找工作的建議嗎?——首先要弄清楚你最喜歡做什么。“________ you like doing best”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少賓語(doing的賓語),且設空處意為“……的事”,故答案為what。 9.(2018·山西重點中學協(xié)作體模擬)My mother knew where we were at all times. She knew ________ our
42、 friends were. 答案:who/where 句意:我母親總是知道我們在哪里。她知道我們的朋友是誰/在哪里。根據(jù)句意可知,設空處在賓語從句中作表語,且表示“身份或地點”,故用who或where引導。 10.(2018·河南模擬)I had no idea ________ a stage manager actually did. 答案:what 句意:我不知道舞臺經(jīng)理實際做些什么。“________ a stage manager actually did”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少賓語,且設空處指“事物”,故用what引導。 11.(2018·青島模擬)The prob
43、lem is ________ we can improve our reading skills in such a short time. 答案:how/whether 句意:問題是我們?nèi)绾?是否能在這么短的時間內(nèi)提升閱讀技能。根據(jù)句意可知,填how/whether引導表語從句。 12.(2018·安徽聯(lián)考)—It's my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have? —________ you choose is fine with me. 答案:Whatever 句意:——今天我請客,你有什
44、么特別想吃的嗎?——無論你選擇什么對我來說都可以。“________ you choose”為主語從句,從句中choose缺賓語,且指“無論什么”,故用whatever。 13.(2018·天津高考)When I told Sally ________ happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. 答案:what 句意:當我告訴薩里發(fā)生了什么事情的時候,她捂著嘴笑了。what引導賓語從句,作told 的賓語。 14.(2018·浙江高考)It's partly true ________ Dickens' style of writing attr
45、acted audiences from all walks of life. 答案:that 句意:這一點部分是真實的,即狄更斯的寫作風格吸引了各行各業(yè)的人們。it是形式主語,that引導主語從句,that在從句中不作任何成分。 15.(2018·浙江高考)This is ________ there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it. 答案:why 句意:這就是為什么有這樣的一種說法,求忙人才能做成事。此處why引導表語從句。 16.(2018·江蘇高考)_______
46、_ starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school. 答案:What 句意:開始中學生玩這些應用程序只是因為它們有趣,后來它們變成了一個現(xiàn)實社交互動中的巨大壓力。what引導主語從句,且在從句中作主語。 17.(2018·全國高考作業(yè)幫高考預測卷)One of my favorite sports-related memories was ________ I was at the basketball team i
47、n high school. 答案:when 句意:我最喜歡的與體育有關的記憶之一就是我高中參加籃球隊的時候。由句中的memories可知,應用when引導表語從句。 18.(2018·四川綿陽高三考前模擬)What is concerning us greatly is ________the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free. 答案:when/whether 句意:我們非常關心的是昨天在那個地區(qū)被搶劫的工人們什么時候/是否會被釋放。此處缺表語從句的連接詞且從句中不缺主語或賓語,故可用when/whethe
48、r。 19.(2018·安徽省皖南八校高三聯(lián)考)The practical suggestion came from the representatives________ the new rule be adopted. 答案:that 句意:來自代表們的切實可行的建議是:這項新規(guī)定應該被采納。分析句子結構可知,此處為同位語從句,說明suggestion的內(nèi)容,而該從句意思非常完整,所以要用that引導。 20.(2018·長春市高三二模)________ is the most important to him is not his job, but his family. 答案:
49、What 句意: 對于他來說最重要的不是他的工作而是他的家庭。此處what引導主語從句,且在從句中作主語。 21.(2019·廈門一中高三模擬)His success in digital field proved ________ it took to be a best CEO. 答案:what 句意:他在數(shù)字領域的成功證明了要想成為最好的CEO所需要的條件。proved后接賓語從句。因為從句中took缺賓語,且該賓語意為“……的事物(東西)”,填what。 22.(2019·河北省保定市月考)Built over 2,200 years ago in ________
50、is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today. 答案:what 句意:2,200多年前在現(xiàn)在的中國西南部的四川省,建造的這個驚人的工程至今仍在使用。what引導賓語從句,作介詞in的賓語,同時在賓語從句中作主語。 23.(2019·廣東省五校高三聯(lián)考)In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is ________ you don't speak at all.
51、答案:when 句意:在日本,人們公認最好的交流是當你什么也不說時。根據(jù)語境可知,此處填when引導表語從句。 24.(2018·北京高考)Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now. 答案:where 句意: 如果沒有他的支持,我們不可能取得現(xiàn)在的成就。分析句子是一個含蓄條件句,without引導條件,主句中是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬,where we are指我們所處的現(xiàn)狀,是一個表語從句。 25.(2018·北京高考)This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face
52、 difficulties and hope for the best. 答案:what 句意:這是我父親已經(jīng)教給我的東西:總是勇敢地面對困難并且抱最好的希望。what引導表語從句,從句中缺少taught的賓語,故填what。 26.(2018·天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. 答案:whoever 句意:無論誰獲得自行車比賽第一名,金牌將授予他。分析句子可知,賓語從句中缺少主語,故用whoever,表示“任何人,無論誰”。 27.(2018
53、·江蘇高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived. 答案:how 句意:乘船是到達這里唯一的途徑,這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_的。which引導非限制性定語從句,is后面為表語從句。這里用連接副詞how引導表語從句,充當方式狀語,表示“如何”。 28.(2019·河北曲周縣一中高三模擬)I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had money. 答案:what 句意:我想自己創(chuàng)業(yè),那是我有錢后要做的事。此處引
54、導表語從句,且在從句中作do的賓語,意為“……的事情”。故用what。 29.(2018·天津高考)The possibility ________ there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. 答案:that 此處that引導同位語從句,說明possibility的內(nèi)容。 30.(2019·海南儋州一中高三統(tǒng)測)Today, people still come and go—to see ________
55、 the Canadian gold rush happened. 答案:where 句意:如今,人們?nèi)匀粊硗@里看加拿大的淘金熱在哪里發(fā)生的。分析句子結構可知,賓語從句中缺少地點狀語,故填where。 二、單句改錯 1.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)But sometimes we're not aware what cheaply we can make this food ourselves. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:what→how 句意:但是有的時候我們
56、意識不到我們自己可以使得這種食物多么地便宜。此處修飾cheaply。用副詞how。 2.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)The general rule is what mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:what→that 句意:通常的規(guī)則是氣候溫暖的地區(qū)語言種類少,而說這些語言的人人數(shù)較多。that引導表語從句,在從句中不作任何成分,而wh
57、at作主語,賓語或者表語。本句不缺少成分,故將what改為that。 3.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whenever is ahead of you for the day. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:whenever→whatever 句意:鍛煉使得你更加清醒并且隨時做好處理你所面臨的困難的準備。handle后面的賓語從句中缺少主語,而whenever作時間狀語,
58、故將whenever改為whatever。 4.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)That is only evidence which traditions once existed. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:which→that 句意:這是唯一的證據(jù)證明傳統(tǒng)曾經(jīng)存在過。that引導同位語從句,介紹前面的evidence的內(nèi)容。 5.(2018·北京高考)It's hard to predict why driverless cars will be everywhe
59、re on our roads. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:why→when 句意:很難預測什么時候無人駕駛汽車會行駛在我們的道路上。when引導賓語從句,作時間狀語。 6.(2018·河南六市高三聯(lián)考)The tour pal lost his way in the mountain; that made things worse was that it began to rain. ______________________________________
60、__________________________________ 答案:第一個that→what 句意:這個驢友在山里迷路了,更糟糕的是開始下雨了。分析句子結構可知,本句包含兩個并列分句。而第二個分句的主語為what引導的主語從句,what在主語從句中作主語。 7.(2018·湖北四地高三聯(lián)考)Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion on if people should keep pets at home in cities. ________________________________
61、________________________________________ 答案:if→whether if和whether都可以表示“是否”,但是介詞后面的賓語從句只能用whether引導,因此將if改成whether。 8.(2018·河南焦作模擬)After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:that→what 句意:
62、到達學校后,我和一些同學討論我們能做點什么。本句中含有賓語從句,該從句中缺少do的賓語,且表示“事物”,故用what引導。 9.(2019·江蘇質(zhì)檢)The hope he may recover is not gone yet. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:hope后加that 本句中含有同位語從句,其中連接詞that不能省略。 10.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I
63、 live. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:that→where 句意:我的叔叔是我住處附近的一家餐館的老板。賓語從句中缺少地點狀語,故用where引導。 11.(2018·山西四校聯(lián)考)What I believe it's the best way to get close to nature. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:去掉What
64、I believe后為省略了that的賓語從句,what為多余成分。 12.(2019·唐山模擬)I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:what→which 句意:我不知道該買哪一本,因為這些書對我都有用。which指“哪一本”符合句意。 13.(2018·浙江質(zhì)檢)You want to know that everything
65、 is going in our school. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:that→how know后的賓語從句中缺少方式狀語,應用how。 14.(2018·河南八市聯(lián)考)In our life, we often regret what we did and which we couldn't do. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:w
66、hich→what what引導賓語從句,此處意為“……的事情”,在從句中作do的賓語。 15.(2019·河北調(diào)研)The question that who should do the job requires consideration. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:去掉that the question后為同位語從句,這個同位語從句是由who引導的,that為多余的連接詞。 名詞性從句(二) 三、表語從句 1.表語從句:在復合句中充當表語成分的從句。通常位于be動詞或系動詞look, seem等之后。 The problem is when_we_can_get_a_pay_rise. That is what_I_want_to_tell_you. 2.表語從句可以用as if/though 引導,意為“好像……”。 It looks as_if it is going to rain. 3.because引導的表語從句強調(diào)原因
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