2018屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 4 Living Planet學案 重慶大學版必修5

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1、 Unit 4　Living Planet 一、單詞—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(用所給詞的適當形式填空) 1.continentn．　　　　　　　　　　大陸；陸地 2.decaden. 十年 3.risen. 上升 4.observevt. 慶祝 5.highlightvt. 突出；強調 6.decreasevi./vt. 減?。粶p少 7.eruptvi. (火山)噴發(fā) 8.releasevt. 釋放 9.signvi./vt. 簽字 n. 符號 10.measurevi./vt. 測量；量 11.tourismn. 游覽，

2、觀光 12.urgent adj.緊急的；急迫的→urgencyn．緊急，迫切 13.depth n．深(度); 深奧→deepadj.&adv.深的；深深地→deeplyadv.強烈地；深刻地 14.relatively adv.相對地→relativeadj.相對的n.親戚→relatevi./vt.聯(lián)系，把……和……聯(lián)系起來→relationn．關系→relatedadj.相關的 15.appreciation n．欣賞；感謝→appreciatevt.欣賞；感謝 16.extremely adv.極端地；非常地→extremeadj.極端的；極度的 17.affect vt

3、.影響；感動→affectionn．喜愛，感情 18.reduction n．減少；降低→reducevt.減少；縮小 19.explore vt./vi.探索；勘探→explorationn．探險→explorern．探險者 1.It is reported that the new traffic rules contribute to the reduction (reduce) of the number of traffic accidents. 2.The bride appreciated Sun Li at the wedding ceremony but this a

4、ppreciation seemed not to be enough.(appreciate) 3.Though my house is relatively small, I often invite my relatives or friends to dinner, which makes our relations improved greatly.(relative) 4.Deeply affected by Jane's story, I can't help conveying my deep affection to her. (affect) 5.Many explo

5、rers came here to explore the mountain. Without doubt, it's worth the exploration.(explore) 6.Under such extreme weather, the visitors met with extremely great difficulties in the process of reaching White Bird Canyon.(extreme) 7.The lake is over 20 meters in depth. So we were all moved deeply by

6、 the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy. (deep) ? 1.聚焦-serve結尾動詞 ①observe　　觀察；遵守 ②deserve 應受，值得 ③conserve 保存；保守 ④preserve 保存，保護 ⑤reserve 保留；預訂 2.-rupt結尾動詞集合 ①erupt　　　火山噴發(fā) ②interrupt 打擾 ③corrupt 腐敗 ④abrupt 唐突 ⑤bankrupt 破產(chǎn) 3.“出版，發(fā)行”說法多 ①release v. 　　發(fā)布，推出 ②publish

7、 v. 出版 ③issue v. 發(fā)行，發(fā)布 ④come out 出版，出現(xiàn) ⑤bring out 公布，出版 4.后綴-ism名詞一覽 ①tourism　　　旅游業(yè) ②criticism 批評 ③realism 現(xiàn)實主義 ④socialism 社會主義 ⑤pessimism 悲觀主義 二、短語—— 寫 得 準 用 得 活(選用左欄短語填空) 1.at_least　　　　　　　　　 　　　至少 2.far_away 遙遠；深遠 3.be_covered_with/by 被……所覆蓋 4.make_up 形成、構成或組成某物

8、 5.play_a_role_in_... 在……方面起作用 6.keep_..._from_... 阻止；抑制 7.block_out 遮住；擋住 8.carry_out 實施；實行；執(zhí)行 9.be_made_up_of 由……構成；組成 10.break_off 折斷；脫落；突然停止 11.get/be_involved_in 涉及；參與 12.break_away 突然離開；脫離 13.sign_the_treaty 簽訂條約 14.float_away_into 漂離到 1.Shakespeare's play Hamlet h

9、as been made into at_least ten different films over the past years. 2.Which of the following food may play_a_role_in the balanced diet？ 3.We can put the potatoes in salted water to keep them from turning black. 4.For those with family members far_away,_the personal computer and the phone are impo

10、rtant in staying connected.(2014·福建高考單選) 5.It had been snowing heavily, and the ground was_covered_with/by a thick layer of snow. ? 1.at短語訓練營 ①at least/most　　　　　至少/多 ②at first 起初 ③at last 最后 ④at times 有時 ⑤at once 馬上 ⑥at home 無拘束 ⑦at present 目前 2.make短語速記 ①make up　　　　　　　　　構成；化妝 ②

11、make sure 確保，證實 ③make it 成功，達到 ④make up for 彌補 ⑤make a difference 有作用 ⑥make sense 講得通；有意義 ⑦make up one's mind 做出決定 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 學 仿 寫 1.The distance from the North Pole to the equator is a little longer than that from the equator to the South Pole. 從北極到赤道的距離比赤道到南極的距離要長一點。 t

12、hat指代與前面提到的相類似但不是同一個的事物。 令黛拉高興的是，她首先贏得了她的學生的信任，然后又獲得了同事的信任。(2013·遼寧高考單選) To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then that_of_her_colleagues. 2.The flattening and swelling are too small to see. (兩極的)扁平和(赤道的)凸出都太小無法察覺。 too ... to ...意為“太……而不能……”。 他太緊張了以至于在老師面前一句話也說不出來。 He

13、 was_too_nervous_to_speak a word before the teacher. 3. If you were in a rocket near the moon, you would not be able to see Mount Everest at all. 如果你乘火箭到月球附近，你將無法看到珠穆朗瑪峰。 if條件從句表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬。 如果我是你，我就不會對她大喊大叫。 If_I_were_you,_I would not shout at her. 第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋 1．observe vt.慶祝；觀察；注意到；遵守；

14、評論 [高考佳句]　Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.(2014·北京高考單選) 當在實驗室做實驗的時候，要仔細觀察是否發(fā)生變化。 [一詞多義]　寫出下列句中observe的含義 ①The players agreed to observe the spirit of fair play in all of the games.遵守 ②People of many western countries observe the Christmas Day.慶祝 ③The sc

15、ientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.觀察 ④I observed that several students were asleep.注意到 (1)observe sb. do sth.　　　 觀察某人做某事(全過程) observe sb. doing sth. 觀察某人正在做某事 observe that ... 觀察/注意到…… (2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通規(guī)則 observe Christmas

16、慶祝圣誕節(jié) ⑤She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite of the way. 她注意到有一個人在路的對面行走。 [名師指津]　observe用于被動語態(tài)時，作主語補足語的不定式須帶to。 ⑥The thief was observed to_open (open) the window and run away. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)賊打開窗戶逃跑了。 2. affect vt.影響；感動；(疾病)侵襲 [教材原句]　Many things in nature, such as sunshine, temperature, and

17、 precipitation, affect climate. 自然界中的許多事物，如陽光、溫度、降水都影響氣候。 [一詞多義]　寫出下列句中affect的含義 ①The reader was deeply affected by his novel.感動 ②His left lung is affected by cancer.(疾病)侵襲 ③Once he has made up his mind, nothing can affect his decision.影響 (1)be greatly/deeply affected by　　　 被……深深打動 be affecte

18、d by heat/cold 中暑/著涼 be affected with high fever 發(fā)高燒 (2)affection n. 喜愛，鐘愛 have affection for 喜愛，鐘愛 (3)effect n. 作用；影響 have an effect on 對……產(chǎn)生影響 ④A lack of exercise will leave your body weak, easily affected (affect) by disease. 缺乏鍛煉造成你的身體虛弱，容易遭受疾病的侵襲。 ⑤She said she had affecti

19、on for her hometown. 她說她對她的家鄉(xiāng)有鐘愛之情。 3．decrease vi./vt.減??；減少 [教材原句]　Sunspots may decrease precipitation on the earth and cause unusually dry periods. 太陽黑子可能會減少地球上的降水，導致異常干燥的時期。 (1)decrease to　　　　　　　　 減少到 decrease by 減少了 (2)on the decrease 在減少 (a) decrease in sth. 減少某物 ①The traffic acci

20、dents in the city decreased by 30% last year. 該城市去年交通事故減少了30%。 ②The population in some western countries is on_the_decrease. 一些西方國家的人口在下降。 ③The club's members decreased to two hundred. 該俱樂部會員減少到了200人。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練(單句語法填空/補全句子) 1．They have a proper appreciation (appreciate) of his great ability.　

21、 2．The doctors have taped up (包扎) my swollen (swell) ankle. 3．The area, measuring (measure) 5 kilometres by 3 kilometres, has been purchased by the army. 4．Some criminals are likely to offend again when they are_released (release)． 5．Thinking it over for a while, she signed her name to the docu

22、ment. 6．The new bridge should reduce the travelling time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes. 7．Relatively_speaking_(相對而言), this matter is unimportant. 8．The number of the students in our school has_decreased_to (已減少到) 1,200. Ⅱ.重難點多練 1．observe面面觀 (1)句型轉換 ①The police observed the man enter the

23、bank. (改為被動語態(tài)) →The man was_observed_to_enter the bank by the police. ②She observed that the pond in her village was drying up. →She observed the pond in her village drying_up. (2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段 　當我們參加游行慶祝國慶節(jié)的時候，必須遵守交通規(guī)則。如果我們看到有人正在闖紅燈，我們就要阻止他。 　When we attend the parade ③to_observe_National_Day,

24、_we must ④observe_the_traffic_rules. If we ⑤observe_someone_running_the_red_light,_we should stop him. 2．a(chǎn)ffect多棱鏡 (1)補全句子 ①盡管發(fā)高燒，他仍然繼續(xù)工作。 Affected_with_high_fever,_he continued with his work. ②他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。 She was_deeply_affected_by the news of his death. (2)一句多譯 聽眾被深深地打動了，他們長時間熱烈鼓掌。 ③The

25、 audience were_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time. ④Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time. (3)句型轉換 ⑤We want to know whether the drug affects people's health. →We want to know whether the drug has_an_effect_on people's health. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出high

26、light的詞性和詞義 (A)v.用強光照射；照亮　(B)v.使顯著，使突出；強調 (C)v.用彩筆做標記　 (D)n.最重要的部分 1．His speech highlighted the need for educational reform.__B__ 2．Several lit candles highlighted the faces.__A__ 3．Her performance was the highlight of the show.__D__ 4．I've highlighted the important passage in yellow.__C__ 第

27、二板塊短語句型歸納集釋 1．keep ... from ... 阻止；抑制 [教材原句]　They keep the polar regions from getting overly cold. 他們阻止極地地帶變得過冷。 (1)keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from不可省略) (2)prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from可省略，但在被動語態(tài)中不可省略) (3)protect sb. from (doing) sth.保護某人不受某物的侵襲(from后接能帶來傷害或損害之物) ①It is

28、their duty to protect their friends from the enemy. 保護朋友不受敵人的傷害是他們的責任。 ②They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat (from) escaping (escape) from the earth into space. 他們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣中，這使得地球上的熱量不能釋放到太空中去。 2．be made up of 由……構成；組成 [教材原句]　Unlike the Arctic

29、in the North, which is just made up of ice, Antarctica is an actual land mass. 不像北部的北極，它只是由冰組成的，南極洲實際上是一塊大陸。 be made up of＝be composed of＝consist of 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　由……構成；組成 make up 組成，構成；占(比例)；虛構，編造；彌補；整理；化妝 ①This medical team is made up of (＝is_composed_of/consists_of) five doctors and ten nurs

30、es. 這個醫(yī)療隊由五名醫(yī)生，十名護士組成。 ②Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life. 生活中不僅僅有陽光，還有艱難的日子。 3．The flattening and swelling are too small to see. (兩極的)扁平和(赤道的)凸出都太小無法察覺。 句中使用了too ...to ...結構。該結構的具體用法如下： (1)too＋adj./adv.＋to ...表示否定意義，意為“太……而不能……”；它可以與not enough ...to ...或so ...that ...句式相互轉換

31、。 ①The question is too difficult for him to_work_out. 這個問題太難了，他解決不了。 ②He is too young to go to school. →He is not_old_enough_to go to school. →He is so_young_that he can't go to school. 他太小了，不能去上學。 (2)too＋adj.＋to ...表示肯定意義， 其中too后主要接的是表示心情、情緒的詞，如glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing等

32、，意為“做某事太/非?！薄? ③He was too eager to_know (know) the result of his examination. 他迫切想知道考試的結果。 (3)can't ...too ...表示肯定意義，意為“無論怎樣……也不過分”。 ④You can't_be_too_careful while crossing the street. 過馬路時你再怎么小心也不過分。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空/補全句子 ①I feel strongly that each of us should play a role in making th

33、e earth a better place to live in. ②A big tree blocked out the sunshine to my study. ③The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than that in any other area of the city. ④Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it happened (happen) yesterday. ⑤His parents tried to keep him from play

34、ing computer games, but in vain. ⑥If you are_involved_in (涉及) an accident, you are required to remain at the scene until the officer lets you go. ⑦One-third of the country is_covered_with (被……所覆蓋) trees and the majority of the citizens are black people. 2．運用所學短語完成片段 I suggest you go on a diet o

35、r ①at_least (至少) stop eating too much fat meat and sweets. Since your home is not ②far_away (遙遠) from the work office, you had better walk there every day. In order to ③carry_out (實施) your plan of losing weight, don't ④make_up (編造) any excuses. Besides, you may ⑤be/get_involved_in (參與) some proper s

36、ports activities, which play an important role in ⑥keeping_you_from (阻止你) getting too fat. Ⅱ.重難點多練 1．be made up of點點練 (1)介詞填空 ①To cheer the little boy up, the teacher made up a story. ②The exploring team is made up of five American people. ③A sentence is composed of several words put together

37、. (2)一句多譯 委員會由教授和工程師組成。 ④The committee is_composed_of professors and engineers. ⑤The committee is_made_up_of professors and engineers. ⑥The committee consists_of professors and engineers. 2．too ... to全方位 (1)句型轉換 ①I'm afraid I'm not wise enough to follow your argument. →I'm afraid I'm too_s

38、tupid_to follow your argument. ②You must be very careful when you do your homework. →You can't_be_too_careful when you do your homework. ③It was too cold for us to go shopping. →It was so_cold_that we couldn't go shopping. (2)一句多譯 她看小說看得太專注了，沒注意到老師的到來。 ④She_was_too_absorbed_in_reading_novel

39、s_to_notice_the_coming_of_the_teacher. (too ... to ...) ⑤She_was_so_absorbed_in_reading_novels_that_she_didn't_notice_the_coming_of_the_teacher. (so ... that ...) [課堂練牢基礎] Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．They are a teenager band made (make) up of four cool boys. 2．The prisoner broke away from his guards on the

40、way to prison. 3．The visitors were extremely (extreme) tired when they reached White Bird Canyon. 4．When passing by, I observed a tall man going (go) into the office. 5．Jimmy only played a minor role in the opera. 6．Tom told his story, breaking off now and then to wipe the tears from his eyes.

41、7．Some animals, in order to keep themselves from being_attacked (attack) by the enemies, go out for food at night. 8．Compared with last year, our coal output has decreased by 20%. 9．I can't go out with you tonight because I have something urgent (urgency) to deal with. 10．With the government's ai

42、d, those affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Although they graduated from the old school many years ago, they still have affection on it.on→for 2．He was an all-round genius. Nothing was so difficult for him to learn.so→too 3．The climate of Guangzhou is

43、 much better than one of Lanzhou.one→that 4．If I was you, I wouldn't accept her advice.was→were 5．He made up of an excuse to explain why he was late.去掉of 6．The table measured one and a half metres wide should be removed from this room.measured→measuring Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成寫作訓練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 Dear Chris，

44、 I'm Li Jin, and I know you will come to our school as an exchange student. Though your hometown is far_away (遙遠) from here, you are sure to get used to living here. Our school lies in Tianjin City. The number of the students in our school has increased by 30% in the past ten years. In autumn, w

45、e usually celebrate the Mid-Autumn Day. In winter, the ground is_covered_with (被……所覆蓋) some snow sometimes. People here like the food made of wheat flour. But you can easily find western fast food. I don't believe it can have an effect on your life. Lastly, it is about our class, which consists of

46、twenty-one boys and twenty girls. We have at_least (至少) nine subjects, such as Chinese, math, English, music and so on. ①I'm afraid you will be so busy with your homework that you have no time to go sightseeing. I hope you can get/be_involved_in (參與) some free activities with us, which can not o

47、nly enrich your life but build up your body.②If I were you, I wouldn't worry about anything. We are looking forward to your coming soon. Yours， Li Jin (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分 (1)ten years→decade (2)celebrate→observe (3)have an effect on→affect (4)consists of→is_made_up_of 2．按要求改寫句式

48、 (1)用“too ... to”句式改寫句① I'm_afraid_you_will_be_too_busy_with_your_homework_to_have_any_time_to_go_sightseeing._ (2)把句②改為倒裝句 Were_I_you,_I_wouldn't_worry_about_anything. [課下練熟高考] 閱讀理解提速練——練速度 (限時：20分鐘) A (2017·江西重點中學盟校第一次聯(lián)考)Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate chang

49、e and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to mi

50、grate (遷徙) north. Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense. If the changes come too quickly, animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear. According t

51、o ScienceDaily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of today's familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today's world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far-reaching consequences for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 20

52、04, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake. Within just the last few mont

53、hs, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesn't matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. What's more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year.

54、There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious. However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because

55、there is simply not enough data. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了未來氣候的變化對人和動物的生存環(huán)境的影響。 1．What is the major function of Paragraph 1? A．To arouse the readers' concern. B．To introduce the theme of the whole passage. C．To summarize the whole passage. D．To state how climate changes. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，最新研究

56、數(shù)據(jù)表明，即將到來的世界氣候的巨大變化將嚴重影響社會和環(huán)境。而接下來的幾段則是圍繞氣候變化對社會和環(huán)境具體的影響而展開的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介紹文章的主題。故選B項。 2．What is the author's purpose in using the examples of earthquakes? A．To show major changes will take place on the planet. B．To remind people to prevent future earthquakes. C．To show the damage earthquakes ca

57、used. D．To tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“The planet itself has been showing signs of change.”可知，列舉最近地球上所發(fā)生的地震是為了說明地球已有發(fā)生重大變化的跡象。故選A項。 3．Which of the following is NOT true of climate changes' effects? A．Animal and plant species may not be able to adapt f

58、ast enough and could disappear. B．It could lead to the spread of diseases. C．Current world climate zones could shift and completely disappear. D．Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Geographers predict that ... completely disappear.”可知，地理學家預計在未來的八十年中，現(xiàn)在的

59、世界氣候帶可能會改變，有的可能會完全消失，C項中說世界氣候帶可能會變化并會完全消失，與文中描述不符，故C項表述錯誤。故選C項。 4．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Animals and plants won't die out as long as climate changes slowly. B．There's enough data for us to predict the future of climate change. C．The world is getting more unstable because of an

60、imal migration. D．The earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“However, other planets ... there may be some connection between this.”可知，地球并不是唯一一個在經(jīng)歷氣候變化的星球。故選D項。 B (2017·甘肅省高三第一次診斷)College is not just about studying, writing essays and burning the m

61、idnight oil in the library. Making friends and enjoying yourself is also necessary for the courses. Parties are social events for students to gather and chat with each other. Now let's follow a foreign friend to see what parties in the US are like. Get some inspiration to have fun with your friends

62、 in your new life. Drinking and music　College parties in the US are always lacking in creativity and full of wine and music. The basic form rarely changes — drink until you cannot anymore and play loud music at an earth-shaking volume. There is plenty of beer involved, and some mixed cocktails. Cr

63、eativity in dress　The creativity comes in how parties are dressed up. Parties often have a specific theme, like a 90s party or a sports party. At a 90s party, guests might show up dressed like once-famous celebrities. At a sports party, guests might wear their favorite team's uniforms. Held in apar

64、tments　The party is usually held in the apartment of a particular outgoing friend. Everyone will be invited, which means strangers will wander in and out of the apartment where you can get to know and make some new friends. Ugly sweater party　On holidays, parties frequently take on a proper theme.

65、A popular theme around Christmas is the ugly sweater party. The goal is to wear the ugliest sweater you can find, creating an atmosphere of fun. Whatever the occasion is, there will be no shortage of booze. If you are smart enough, you won't have so much as to lose your consciousness. Parties are a

66、lways better when you can remember them the next day. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國大學里的派對。大學生活不僅有挑燈夜戰(zhàn)的苦讀，還應該有社交的樂趣。派對是交流、交友的一種方式。 5．This passage introduces ________. A．what to wear at the US college parties B．how much to drink at the US college parties C．how to make friends at the US colleges D．parties of the US colleges 解析：選D　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句和第二段的第一句“Now let's follow a foreign friend to see what parties in the US are like.”可知，本文主要介紹了美國大學里的派對，故選D項。 6．The passage is probably written for _______