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1、五年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)1.近義詞eat breakfasthave breakfast eat lunchhave lunch eat dinnerhave dinnerplay sportsdo sports usuallyoften復(fù)數(shù)形式：policemanpolicemen policewomanpolicewomen 現(xiàn)在分詞：telltelling三單：saysays 同義句：What do you do ? -What are you? 你是干什么的？2、頻度的副詞：always 總是，一直usually通常，常常 often 經(jīng)常sometimes 有時(shí)候4、介詞后跟
2、表示時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示在某年、某月、某個(gè)季節(jié)，某個(gè)時(shí)候（在上午，在下午，在晚上）用in；表示在某一天，在星期幾用on，在具體的幾點(diǎn)幾分用at.5、too 和either的用法區(qū)別：too和either都是“也”的意思，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。第二單元語(yǔ)法知識(shí)1.同義詞：autumn（英）fall（美）對(duì)應(yīng)詞：wake upsleep go to bedget up2.三單：saysays askasks comecomes3.同義句：Whats your favourite season?（你最喜愛(ài)的季節(jié)是什么？）-Which season do you like best
3、?(你最哪個(gè)季節(jié)？)4表示天氣的介詞。當(dāng)表示某地某個(gè)季節(jié)的天氣情況時(shí)，要把季節(jié)放在前面，地點(diǎn)放在后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Whats the weather like in 季節(jié)in 地點(diǎn)？第三單元主要語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：1、關(guān)于月份：（1）五月May , 六月June, 七月July，沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)形式。九月September 的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)形式是前四個(gè)字母加點(diǎn)Sept.其他八個(gè)月的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)形式是前三個(gè)字母加點(diǎn)。（2）無(wú)論是完全形式還是簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)形式，表示12個(gè)月的單詞的第一個(gè)字母都要大寫(xiě)。2、關(guān)于基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。（1）一般情況下，直接在基數(shù)詞后面加th. （one , two , three 除外）。onefirst , twosec
4、ond , threethird . (2) 以ve結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，變ve為f, 再加th. 如：fivefifth , twelvetwelfth. (3)以t結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，直接加h。如eighteighth. (4) 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的，丟掉不發(fā)音的字母e，再加th.如nineninth. (5)以y結(jié)尾的整十?dāng)?shù)，在變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí)，將y變?yōu)閕e，再加th.如twentytwentieth （6）20以上的兩位數(shù)，變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí)，十位數(shù)不變，只將個(gè)位上的數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。如：twenty-one-twenty-first , twenty-twotwenty-second , thirty-fou
5、rthirty-fourth (7)序數(shù)詞的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)形式為表示該詞的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加上該單詞的最后兩個(gè)字母，最后兩個(gè)字母要變成上標(biāo)格式。如：first1st , second2nd , third3rd , fourth4th . twentieth20th3. 回答When is your birthday?這個(gè)問(wèn)題，如果只說(shuō)明生日在幾月份，在月份前用in.如 My birthday is in July. 如果要具體說(shuō)明生日是在幾月幾日，則要把in去掉，直接用is，或者在is后加on。如My birthday is June 9th. 或My birthday is on June 9th .4.
6、注意區(qū)分兩個(gè)句子：What day is it today ?今天星期幾？Whats the date today? 今天是幾月幾日？5. 根據(jù)要求寫(xiě)單詞:make (現(xiàn)在分詞)-making. send( 現(xiàn)在分詞)-sending.6句子：How many birthdays are in October ?有幾個(gè)人的生日在十月？ There are 3.7. My birthday is in February .(變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)-Is your birthday in February?8. Does she have a computer?她有計(jì)算機(jī)嗎？當(dāng)?shù)谌朔Q單數(shù)和句子中出現(xiàn)了
7、does時(shí)，其他動(dòng)詞必須使用原型。9、讀序數(shù)詞時(shí)，前面一定要加the. 如 October 1st .讀作October the first.10、同義句：Who has a birthday in October?=Whose birthday is in October?第四單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1、在電話中介紹自己時(shí)，可以用“Its ”或者This is .。但是不能用“I am ”或者“My name is ”2.在電話中表另一個(gè)人接電話時(shí)，應(yīng)該說(shuō)：“Can I speak to ?”3、告訴別人接電話時(shí)，說(shuō)：There is a call for you.4、在接電話時(shí)請(qǐng)別人稍候說(shuō)：Hold
8、on please.或者Please hold on.5、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞（加ing）的規(guī)則：（1） 一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞的后面直接加ing.如：playplayingcleancleaning drawdrawing cookcooking(2) 以單個(gè)不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉不發(fā)音的字母e，再加ing .如：writewritingcomecomingtaketakingmakemakingleaveleavinghavehaving(3) 以重讀閉音世結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，則要先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ing.如： runrunning swimswimming put
9、putting sitsitting setsetting五單元主要知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1、在英語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)表示媽媽時(shí)，無(wú)論是人類媽媽還是動(dòng)植物的媽媽，都可以用she .而表示嬰兒時(shí)，也都可以用it.2、系動(dòng)詞be 的用法：我是am你是are, is跟著他她它。如果人稱是復(fù)數(shù)，撲面一律都用are.如：I am reading a book. He is cooking dinner.We are doing an experiment. Are you eating lunch?3、With除了表示和一起外，還可以表示“使用”,如：That elephant is drinking water with it
10、s trunk.大象正在用它的象鼻喝水。I am writing with my pen.我正在用我的鋼筆寫(xiě)字。4、當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)了can時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一定要用原形。如：Can tigers really swim? I can wash the clothes.我會(huì)洗衣服。I am washing clothes.我正在洗衣服。5、can , usually , often , sometimes , always 這幾個(gè)單詞都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的好朋友，當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)了它們時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般都要用原形。now, am , is , are 這幾個(gè)單詞都是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的好朋友，當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)了它們時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在分詞
11、形式，也就是ing形式。第六單元主要知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，只要將系動(dòng)詞be(am is are )和主語(yǔ)交換位置，將句末的句號(hào)變?yōu)閱?wèn)號(hào)，但是要注意第一人稱和第二人稱時(shí)，人稱和系動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)變化。如：I am reading a book? -Are you reading a book?Youre walking . -Am I waling? He is cooking dinner . -Is he cooking dinner?2、表示用什么做個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，要用on。如 Do an experiment on me , please.3. Its time to后跟動(dòng)詞的
12、原形，Its time for 后跟名詞。如：Its time to go to school.該去上學(xué)了。（到了去上學(xué)的時(shí)間了。）Its time for English class.到英語(yǔ)課的時(shí)間了。Its time to have English class. 該上英語(yǔ)課了。英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)講解1. play with 和一起玩 play with sb.(某人) 和一起玩 play with sth.(某物) 玩某物e.g. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother. Lucy and Lily are playing wit
13、h their doll.2. a lot of 很多 a lot of = lots of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞e.g. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 There are a lot of apples on the table. =There are _ _ apples on the table. (答案：lots of)3. how often 多久一次how often 是一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)詞，就頻率提問(wèn)。英語(yǔ)表示頻率的詞：一次：once兩次：twice 特殊 其他次數(shù)：基數(shù)詞+times 構(gòu)成 例如：8次 eight timese.g. -How often do you go to the li
14、brary?-I go to the library once a week. (注：如就劃線部分提問(wèn)，應(yīng)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞how often)4. how many 多少how many/much 就數(shù)量提問(wèn) how many + 可數(shù)名詞；how much + 不可數(shù)名詞e.g.- How many boys are there in your class? - There are 40 boys in my class.- How much water is there in the bottle? - There is a little water in the bottle.5. be g
15、ood at 擅長(zhǎng) at 后 可加名詞 如加動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式 既 v + inge.g. I am good at English.6. be interested in 對(duì)感興趣in 后 可加名詞 如加動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式 既 v + inge.g. I am interested in English.7. play the violin 拉小提琴 樂(lè)器前加定冠詞 the8. listen to music 聽(tīng)音樂(lè) 聽(tīng)，用listen to （1）. 聽(tīng)音樂(lè)前，不加定冠詞the （2）. 聽(tīng)收音機(jī)前，要加定冠詞the : listen to the radio9. come f
16、rom 來(lái)自，come from = be from， I come from China. = I am from China.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：Where are you come from? (錯(cuò)誤) Where do you come from? (正確)10. play football 踢足球 球類名詞前不加冠詞 11be famous for 因聞名12. have a look at 看一看 have a look at = look at13. how much 多少（錢）how much 用來(lái)詢問(wèn)價(jià)格14. a pair of 一雙；一對(duì) a pair of glasses; a p
17、air of trousers; a pair of gloves 15. try on 試穿 試穿鞋子 try on the shoes = try the shoes on試穿它 此處它是代詞，只能放在 try on 之間 try it on14. see a doctor 看醫(yī)生常用表示“看”的單詞有：watch; see; look; read .watch: 用于看電視，比賽等； watch TV watch football matchsee: 看見(jiàn) 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，看到什么；看醫(yī)生、看電影時(shí)用see ; see a film; see a doctor15. take good car
18、e of 好好照顧 take (good) care of = look after16. have a fever 發(fā)燒have a + 表示癥狀的單詞 have a fever; have a toothache; have a headachehave + 病名 have measles (麻疹) have mumps (腮腺炎)17. have to 不得不Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she cant come to the party.重點(diǎn)：含有have to 的句子變否定 用dont 或 doesn
19、te.g. She has to finish her homework.She doesnt have to finish her homework. (正確) She has not to finish her homework.(錯(cuò)誤)18. be worried about 擔(dān)心 She is worried about her exam.19.help with 幫助做某事 help with = help sb. (to) do sth.Peter helps her mother with the housework. = Peter helps her mother (to)
20、do the housework.三、重點(diǎn)單詞用法1. call v. 稱作 What do you call it in English?2. like v. 喜歡 sth. I like English very muchlike to do sth. I like reading very much, but I dont like to read now.doing sth.3. lets + 動(dòng)詞原形 Lets (=let us) make animals. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事4. want v. 想，想要want sth. I want a piece o
21、f paper.to do sth. I want to watch TV.5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞很簡(jiǎn)單，沒(méi)有人稱數(shù)之變，動(dòng)詞原形后邊站，can表能力 may許可 should應(yīng)該 would愿 must必須 ，否定neednt換 have to不得不表客觀四、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 A) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2. 構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成主要有兩種形式： （1）be型：句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有be（am，is或are）： a肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)be，如： I am a student我是一名學(xué)生。 b否定句中，要在be后面加not，如： She isnt a tea
22、cher她不是教師。 c一般疑問(wèn)句，要將be放在句子開(kāi)頭（注意句首字母大寫(xiě)），句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)，答語(yǔ)用Yes，主語(yǔ)+be或No，主語(yǔ) + be + not如： Are you ready？你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？ Yes，I am是的，我準(zhǔn)備好了。 （No，Im not不，我沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。） （2）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型：句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（也叫行為動(dòng)詞）： a肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，如： I get up in the morning我早晨起床。 b否定句中，要在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面加do（does）not，do（does）作助動(dòng)詞，本身無(wú)意義，常與not縮寫(xiě)成dont（doesnt），如： I dont like veg
23、etables我不喜歡蔬菜。 c一般疑問(wèn)句，要在句子開(kāi)頭加助動(dòng)詞Do（does），句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)，簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)用Yes，主語(yǔ)+do（does）或No，主語(yǔ)+do（does）not如： Do you like oranges？你喜歡桔子嗎？ Yes，I do是的，我喜歡。 （No，I dont不，我不喜歡。） 3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。 The ea
24、rth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái) ?注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比較：Now I put t
25、he sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. B) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to + do； will+ do.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not或will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. I
26、m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。 1. 問(wèn)人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 問(wèn)干什么。Wha
27、t do. 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When. 例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.七、b
28、e going to和will 的區(qū)別 be going to和will 的用法雖然都表示將來(lái)發(fā)生動(dòng)作或情況，但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。1. be going to主要用于：(1)、表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮、安排好打算要做的事情。What are you going to do today? 今天你們打算做什么？Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京劇。Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。 Shes going to play the piano. 她打算彈鋼琴
29、。 (2)、表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生。e.g. Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！烏云密集，天要下雨。I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。2. will主要用于在以下幾個(gè)方面：(1)、表示單純的未來(lái)“將要”通用各個(gè)人稱。e.g. They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他們將去工廠參觀。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我將
30、和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來(lái)。(2)、表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的未來(lái)的事。e.g. Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明天是（將）是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年這個(gè)時(shí)候他就（將）三十歲。(3)、問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請(qǐng)或命令.e.g. Will you please turn on the radio? 請(qǐng)打開(kāi)收音機(jī)好嗎？C) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞ing現(xiàn)在分詞形式 第一人稱+ am + v-ing 第二人稱+ are
31、+ v-ing 第三人稱+ is +v-ing 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法： a.表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 We are waiting for you. b.習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫(xiě)，只處于寫(xiě)作的狀態(tài)。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. c. 已經(jīng)確定或安排好的將來(lái)活動(dòng) Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已經(jīng)安排了） were flying to Paris
32、 tomorrow.(票已經(jīng)拿到了） d.有些動(dòng)詞（狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)） (1)表示知道或了解的動(dòng)詞:believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize, suppose, understand (2)表示“看起來(lái)”“看上去appear, resemble, seem (3)表示喜愛(ài)或不喜愛(ài)hate, like, lover, prefer (4)表示構(gòu)成或來(lái)源的動(dòng)詞 be, come, from, contain, include (5)表示感官的動(dòng)詞 hear see smell sound taste (6)表示擁有的動(dòng)詞belong to, need, own, possess, want, wish
pep小學(xué)五年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)全冊(cè).doc
