(江蘇專用)2020版高考英語新增分大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題全輯 專題十三 冠詞課件 牛津譯林版.ppt
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1、,,,,,Grammar,專題十三冠詞,,,,,PART 1,高頻考點清單,PART 2,重溫高考真題,PART 3,熱考點集訓(xùn),,PART 1,,高頻考點清單,,,不定冠詞的核心考點,1.表示數(shù)量“一”,相當(dāng)于“one”。 Ill return in a day or two. 2.表示“同一”,相當(dāng)于“the same”。 The children are of an age. 3.表示泛指或類指,指人或事物的某一個、某一類。 He wants to be a doctor. 4.用于某一些表示重量、長度、時間等單位前,表示“每一”。 We have meals three times a
2、 day.,5.用于專有名詞前表示類似的一個或某一個,相當(dāng)于“a certain”。 A Mr.Li is asking to see you. 6.與某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞連用,表示“一種、一類、一份、一場、一陣”。 a heavy rain 7.用在某些固定詞組中。 have a swimswim,題組訓(xùn)練1 根據(jù)語境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞 1.It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man. 2.Its said John will be in a job paying ov
3、er $60,000 year. Right,he will also get paid by week. 3.Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school,told us,“ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.” 4.The biggest whale is blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of 9-storeyed building. 5.We can never ex
4、pect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.,a,a,查看答案,/,a,a,a,the,A,a,a,1.用于上文提到過的人或事物前。 I have bought a book.The book is very useful. 2.用于說話人與聽話人都知道的人或事物前。 Close the window,please. 3.用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物前,如:the sun。 4.用于表示方位的名詞之前,如:in the east。 5.用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級之前,如:the first。 6.用于形容詞之前,使其名詞化,表示一
5、類人。,定冠詞的核心考點,7.用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞之前。 8.用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等名詞之前,如:the West Lake。 9.用于復(fù)數(shù)姓氏之前,表示“夫婦”或“全家”。 10.用于作為課程或演奏等的西洋樂器名詞前,如:play the piano,play the violin。 11.用于表示單位的名詞前,如:by the day按日。 12.用于年代、朝代、時代名詞前,如:in the 1970s。 13.用于某些固定詞組中,如:in the morning。,題組訓(xùn)練2 根據(jù)語境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞 1.Lets go to cinemath
6、atll take your mind off the problem for while. 2.What pity that you couldnt be there to receive prize! 3.Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in weather around the world. 4.As is known to all, Peoples Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world. 5.As h
7、e reached front door,Jack saw strange sight.,the,a,查看答案,/,the,the,a,the,the,the,a,1.不含普通名詞的專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前,一般不加冠詞,如:China,America。 2.可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時,不加冠詞。 Einsteins theory proved to be correct. 3.季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐名稱前一般不加冠詞,如:March,have supper。 4.稱呼語前不加冠詞。 What shall I do next
8、,Mother?,不用冠詞的情況,5.表示獨一無二的頭銜、職務(wù)名詞作表語、同位語或補足語時,一般不加冠詞。 6.學(xué)科名稱、球類、棋類名稱前不加冠詞。 7.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類人或事物時,前不加冠詞。 8.在與by連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。 9.連系動詞turn后的表語單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。 The young worker has turned writer. 10.as,though引導(dǎo)的倒裝讓步狀語從句中的表語(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)置于句首時不加冠詞。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 11.某些固定詞組中不加冠詞,如:husband and wife,arm
9、in arm。,題組訓(xùn)練3 根據(jù)語境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞 1.Everything es with price;there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. 2.Its good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure. 3.In munication, smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude. 4.What fu
10、n it is to swim in the river in summer. 5.Jack, monitor of our class,is a hard-working student.,查看答案,a,/,a,/,a,/,/,/,,PART 2,,重溫高考真題,,,1. prize for the winner of the petition is two-week holiday in Paris.(2016浙江,2) A.The;/ B.A;/ C.A;the D.The;a,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。句意為:這次比賽給獲勝者的獎勵是在巴黎度假兩周。第一個空格表示對比賽獲勝者的獎勵,
11、是特指,故用the。 第二個空格泛指一次為期兩周的假期,用不定冠詞a。故選D項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,2.Janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.(2015浙江,2) A.a;/ B.the;the C./;the D.a;the,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。句意為:簡的奶奶多年來一直想寫一本兒童書籍,但總有這樣那樣的事情阻礙她不能實現(xiàn)。第一空表泛指,故用不定冠詞
12、a; 第二空為固定表達in the way妨礙,阻礙。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,3.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven. (2015四川,5) A.a B.an C.the D./,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。句意為:Brian在創(chuàng)作音樂上極有天賦,他很有可能成為一個像貝多芬那樣的人。不定冠詞用在人名前,表示“一個像那樣的人”;又因Beethoven是以輔音音素開頭的單詞,故用a,故選擇A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1
13、3,14,15,4.I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.(2015重慶,3) A.the;/ B.a;/ C.the;a D.a;the,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。句意為:我剛聽說多拉工作的銀行被一位蒙面持槍歹徒搶劫了。第一空為特指,表示“Dora工作的銀行”; 第二空為泛指,表示“一位”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,5.They chose Tom to be captain of the team because they knew he
14、 was smart leader.(2014江西,22) A.a;the B.the;the C.the;a D.a;a,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。第一空后面的名詞captain后面有介詞短語of the team修飾,特指“這個隊的隊長”,所以使用定冠詞the; 第二空泛指“一位聰明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”,所以使用不定冠詞a。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,6.The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long into night.(2014浙江,2) A.a;th
15、e B.the;/ C.a;a D./;the,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。表示“每周七天”要用seven days a/per/every week;long into the night到深夜,為固定搭配。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,7.I cant tell you way to the Wilsons because we dont have Wilson here in the village.(2014重慶,6) A.the;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;/,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。去威爾遜家的道路是特定的,故選擇定冠詞
16、;本村沒有叫威爾遜的人,叫威爾遜的人有很多,不具有唯一性,故選擇不定冠詞。A項正確。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,8.Life is like ocean:Only strong-willed can reach the other shore. (2014天津,8) A.an;the B.the;a C.the;/ D./;a,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。句意為:人生像大海:只有那些具有堅強意志的人才能到達人生的彼岸。第一個空填an表示泛指; 第二個空填the后跟形容詞,表示“某一類人”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,1
17、3,14,15,9. village where I was born has grown into town.(2014陜西,19) A.The;a B.A;the C.The;the D.A;a,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。第一空后名詞village后有定語從句修飾,表特指,故用定冠詞the; 第二空后名詞town是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),表泛指。故選A項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,10.It wascold winter night and the moon was shining brightly acrossnight sky.(2013山東,2
18、2) A./;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;/,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。句意為:那是一個寒冷的冬夜,月亮照亮了整個夜空。指“一個的夜晚”且night前有形容詞修飾時,需用不定冠詞a表示泛指;第二個空后指的是夜晚的天空,表示特指,需用定冠詞the。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,11.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth century.(2013陜西,19) A.the;a B.a;/ C./;the
19、D.the;the,答案,解析,解析句意為:據(jù)說在13世紀(jì)馬可波羅去爪哇島的航行途中經(jīng)過了太平洋。在江河、山脈、湖泊、海洋、群島、海峽、海灣、運河等專有名詞前要用定冠詞the,因此第一空處的Pacific Ocean前面要用定冠詞the;而第二個空后的名詞century被序數(shù)詞修飾,序數(shù)詞前面應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故該題的正確答案為D項。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,12.Four andhalf hours of discussion took us up to midnight,andbreak for cheese,chocolate and t
20、ea with sugar. (2013新課標(biāo)全國,13) A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;/,答案,解析,解析four and a half hours四個半小時,固定搭配;后一空a break表示休息一次。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,13.The “Chinese Dream” is dream to improve peoples well-being and dream of harmony,peace and development.(2013福建,21) A.the;a B.a;a C.a;the D.the;
21、the,答案,解析,解析句意為:“中國夢”是一種提高人民生活的夢,是一種和諧、和平和發(fā)展的夢。由句意可知都用不定冠詞a。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,14.Animals are obviously lower form of life than man. (2013江西,32) A.a;/ B.the;the C.a;the D./;/,答案,解析,解析本題考查冠詞。man表示“人類”的意義時,前面不加冠詞,排除B、C兩項。 form是可數(shù)名詞,前面有形容詞修飾時要加不定冠詞,因此A項正確。句意為:很明顯,動物是低于人類的一種生命形式。,,1,2
22、,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,15.People develop preference for a particular style of learning at early age and these preferences affect learning.(2013浙江,15) A.a;an B.a;/ C./;the D.the;an,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,答案,解析,解析句意為:人們在很小的時候就養(yǎng)成了對某種特定的學(xué)習(xí)方式的偏愛,并且這些偏愛會影響學(xué)習(xí)。develop a preference for
23、養(yǎng)成對的偏愛/偏好;at an early age在很小的時候,均為固定搭配,所以正確答案為A項。,,,,,,PART 3,熱考點集訓(xùn),1.What do you think we should do after dinner? Why dont we get beer at the Karaoke bar down the street? It is kind of fun to hear all the bands singing. A.a;/ B.a;a C.the;a D.a;the,答案,解析,解析句意為:你認(rèn)為我們晚飯后應(yīng)該做什么?為什么不到街上的卡拉OK喝杯啤酒呢?聽所有的樂隊唱
24、歌是一種樂趣??谡Z中表示“一杯啤酒”的時候前面用定冠詞a;fun是不可數(shù)名詞,不加冠詞。故選A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2.The Smiths dont usually like staying athotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel bysea. A./;a B.the;the C./;the D.the;a,答案,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,解析,解析hotels這里表示泛指,用名詞復(fù)數(shù)即可;后一空要注意,是表示“在海邊”。by the sea在海邊(在
25、海岸上),這里有特指; by sea則是表示使用海上交通工具:乘船,由海路。,3.Would you mind giving some advice on how to improve our study? If you make most of the time,there will be rise in your study efficiency. A./;/ B.the;a C./;a D.the;/,答案,解析,解析句意為:您介意給我們一些如何改善我們學(xué)習(xí)的建議嗎?如果你們充分利用時間,你們的學(xué)習(xí)效率就會提升。第一個空考查了短語“充分利用”make the most of; 第二個空泛
26、指一個提升,用不定冠詞。故選B。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,4.The development of industry has beengradual process throughouthuman existence, from stone tools to modern technology. A./;the B.the;a C.a;/ D.a;a,答案,解析,解析第一空process是可數(shù)名詞,第一次出現(xiàn)一般用不定冠詞,且此處表示“一個”的概念; 第二空existence是不可數(shù)名詞,此處表示抽象概念,故用零冠詞。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,5.Car
27、l is studyingfood science at college and hopes to open upmeat processing factory of his own one day. A./;a B./;the C.the;a D.the;the,答案,解析,解析句意為:卡爾正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)食品科學(xué),并希望有一天能夠開辦一家他自己的肉類加工廠。第一個空后的中心詞science為表示抽象概念的名詞,其前不用冠詞。第一個空后若為science of food,則為特指,其前用定冠詞the。 第二個空后中心詞為factory,為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)句意可知此處表示泛指,用不定冠詞。故選A項。
28、,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,6.Raising retirement age step by step is in line with Chinas labor market realities and should be prioritized. A.the;/ B./;the C./;/ D.the;the,答案,解析,解析句意為:逐步提高退休年齡符合中國勞動力市場的現(xiàn)實,應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮。第一空填定冠詞the在此特指退休年齡,而不是其他年齡; 第二處in line with“與一致”為固定短語。故答案為A。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,7.He missedg
29、old in the high jump,but will getsecond chance in the long jump. A.the;the B./;a C.the;a D.a;/,答案,解析,解析句意為:他在跳高比賽中錯失了金牌,但是在跳遠(yuǎn)比賽中他還有機會。第一個空后的gold為特指一項比賽中唯一的金牌,故用定冠詞the。 在序數(shù)詞前的第二個空,若用the,則表示“第二次”,若用a,則表示“再次,還有”之意;此處應(yīng)取“再次,還有”之意,故第二個空用a。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,8.I woke up with bad headache,yet by evening
30、 the pain had gone. A.the;the B.the;an C.a;the D.a;an,答案,解析,解析首先headache前有形容詞修飾,這是此空填不定冠詞的標(biāo)志;morning,evening等名詞前要有定冠詞the修飾。句意為:一陣劇烈的頭痛讓我醒來,然而到了晚上疼痛消失了。冠詞的考查以一些固定搭配的考查為主,因此平時積累一些固定搭配是非常重要的。另外,a(n)表示“一”,而the表達“特指”。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,9.We are said to be living in Information Age, time of new discov
31、eries and great changes. A.an;the B./;the C./;a D.the;a,答案,解析,解析考查冠詞。第一空Information Age前加定冠詞the為固定說法; 第二空根據(jù)句意“據(jù)說我們正生活在信息時代,一個充滿新發(fā)現(xiàn)和巨大變化的時代。”知用不定冠詞a。故答案選D。,,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,10.Being able to afford drink would be fort in those tough times. A.the;the B.a;a C.a;/ D./;a,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,答案,解析,解析句意為:在那些艱苦的歲月里,能買得起一杯飲料都會是一件令人安慰的事。本題容易誤選C項,認(rèn)為fort“安慰”是不可數(shù)名詞,其實此處為抽象名詞的具體化,a fort令人感到安慰的一個人或一件事;a drink一杯飲料。故B項正確。,,
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