《（浙江專用）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大一輪新優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專題突破 專題2 代詞課件.ppt》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（浙江專用）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大一輪新優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專題突破 專題2 代詞課件.ppt（30頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、專題二代詞,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,注意:形容詞性物主代詞通常用作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞,如:her father她的父親。 “of(介詞)+名詞性物主代詞(或名詞所有格)”構(gòu)成雙重所有格,如:a friend of mine我的一個(gè)朋友。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,1.指代時(shí)間、距離、自然現(xiàn)象等。如: It is half past two now.現(xiàn)在兩點(diǎn)半。(指時(shí)間) It is 6 miles to the nearest hos
2、pital.離最近的醫(yī)院有六英里。(指距離) It is very cold in the room.房間很冷。(指溫度) 2.指代前面所提到過(guò)的事物、群體、想法、性別不明或性別被認(rèn)為不重要的人或動(dòng)物、未指明但談話雙方都明白的事情或情況。如:,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,(2016四川)These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern
3、French Republic,which brings with it not only necessary state welfare,but also alcoholism,betrayal and even suicide. 現(xiàn)在這些當(dāng)?shù)鼐用癖仨毷顾麄儌鹘y(tǒng)的自足自給的狩獵生活方式與現(xiàn)代法蘭西共和國(guó)生活方式保持平衡,因?yàn)?隨之而來(lái)的不僅有必要的社會(huì)福利,還有酗酒、背叛甚至是自殺。(it指前面所提到的情況),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,Whos that at the door? It is the milkman. 門口那人是誰(shuí)? 是送奶工。(
4、it指代性別不明或性別被認(rèn)為不重要的人) Ive broken a plate.我打碎了一個(gè)盤子。 It(=Breaking the plate) doesnt matter.沒(méi)關(guān)系。(it指前面所提到過(guò)的事情),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,3.it可以用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),而把真正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)放在后面,真正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)往往由從句、動(dòng)詞-ing形式和不定式充當(dāng)。如: It is said that all of them have gone to the cinema. 據(jù)說(shuō)他們都去看電影了。 (2017全國(guó))They live far from
5、the school,and it takes them about an hour and a half to go to work every day. 他們住的地方離學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn),所以每天(從家)去上班要花費(fèi)一個(gè)半小時(shí)的時(shí)間。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,4.it用在不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ)),尤其是表示好惡的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后面,如:enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,dont mind,be fond of,feel like,see to后,即這些動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后面的賓語(yǔ)從句前要加it。如: How would you
6、like it if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? 如果你正在觀看你自己喜愛(ài)的電視節(jié)目,這時(shí)有人進(jìn)入房間,沒(méi)有詢問(wèn)你的意見(jiàn)就把電視關(guān)掉了,你會(huì)有什么樣的感受?,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,(2016天津)I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry on a conversa
7、tion with her. 當(dāng)我在工作時(shí)她給我打電話,我很討厭。因?yàn)槲铱偸翘Χ鵁o(wú)法與她聊下去。 5.it的固定結(jié)構(gòu):make it;get it;see to it that;put it。如: How shall I put it?我該怎么說(shuō)呢?,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,1.it特指上文所提到的同一事物,它所代替的名詞常由the,this,that等修飾。 one泛指上文提到的同類事物中的一個(gè),不特指,相當(dāng)于a/an+單數(shù)名詞;ones泛指上文提到的同類事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞;the one特指前面的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),有時(shí)可以用that來(lái)代替(尤其是后
8、面有后置定語(yǔ)時(shí));the ones特指上文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,有時(shí)可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定語(yǔ)的情況下。 that特指前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,相當(dāng)于“the+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”;that 的復(fù)數(shù)形式為those,替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),既可指人也可指物。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,Yesterday I lost my pen and I couldnt find it.So I had to buy one.(it指代my pen;one替代a pen) 昨天我丟了鋼筆而且沒(méi)找到。所以我不得不再買一支。 The books on
9、the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.(those/the ones替代the books) 桌子上的書要比桌子下面的好。 Few pleasure can equal that of a cool drink on a hot day. 沒(méi)有什么能比得上在炎熱的天氣里喝上一杯冷飲那樣快樂(lè)。(that替代pleasure) (201711浙江,聽(tīng)力)Some aspects of life here are different from those in the United States. 這里的生活在某些方面與美國(guó)有差
10、別。(those 相當(dāng)于Some aspects of life),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,2.that和one的主要區(qū)別: that既可替代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),也可替代不可數(shù)名詞,常有后置定語(yǔ),一般不指人,復(fù)數(shù)形式為those;one只能替代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí),只能用one,不用that。當(dāng)of短語(yǔ)做可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的后置定語(yǔ)時(shí),用that,不用one。 (2016北京)Universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same
11、 environment as that of the home. 大學(xué)已屈服于給學(xué)生提供如家般的同樣環(huán)境這一想法。 When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake jumps by 14 percent. 當(dāng)我們選擇一把大勺而不是更小的勺子時(shí),總攝入量就增加了14%。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,指示代詞是用來(lái)指代或標(biāo)記人或事物的代詞,有this,that,these,those。this,that是單數(shù),these,those是復(fù)數(shù)。指示代詞可以在句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定
12、語(yǔ)等。 This is what I want to say. 這就是我想要說(shuō)的。 That was twenty years ago. 那是二十年前的事了。 These are not my books. 這些不是我的書。 Those are her papers. 那些是她的試卷。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,1.both(兩者都),either(兩者中的任何一個(gè)),neither(兩者都不)。以上這些詞使用范圍為兩者。 John and Mary have both won the prizes. 約翰和瑪麗都得了獎(jiǎng)。 The research
13、 group produced two reports based on the survey,but neither contained any useful suggestions. 這個(gè)調(diào)查組在調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上提供了兩份報(bào)告,但是沒(méi)有一份包含有用的建議。 Ive lived in New York and Chicago,but dont like either of them very much. 我曾經(jīng)在紐約和芝加哥居住過(guò),但是這兩個(gè)城市我都不是很喜歡。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,2.both與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用,either與單數(shù)名詞連用。 Th
14、ere are flowers on both sides of the street. 街道兩旁都有花。 There are flowers on either side of the street. 街道的每一邊都有花。 3.all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一個(gè)),none(都不)。以上詞使用范圍為三者或三者以上。 All the students in my class like our teachers. 我們班的所有學(xué)生都喜歡我們的老師。 He was determined that none of his children would be denied an educ
15、ation. 他決定他的每個(gè)孩子都不會(huì)拒絕接受任何教育。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,4.each可指兩者,也可指兩者以上。 They each have a car. 他們都有車。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,1.no不能單獨(dú)使用,相當(dāng)于not a或not any,做定語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。 He has no worry about safety. 他一點(diǎn)也不為安全擔(dān)心。 2.none既可以指人,也可以指物,側(cè)重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可與介詞of連用,用于回答how many/much引導(dǎo)的疑
16、問(wèn)句。 How many people are there in the room? 房間里有多少人? None. 沒(méi)有人。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,3.nobody指人,用于回答who引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句;nothing指物,用于回答what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句。 The meeting will be held in September,but nobody knows the date for sure. 這次會(huì)議將在9月舉行,但沒(méi)人知道確切的日期。 (2016天津)Nothing like this had ever been done before,a
17、nd day after day I kept ing up with solutions,but none of them worked. 像這樣的事以前從未做過(guò),日復(fù)一日,我不斷想出辦法,但沒(méi)有一個(gè)起作用。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,1.another既可以單獨(dú)使用,也可以用于單數(shù)名詞前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一個(gè)人或物”。還可以用于“another+數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中,表示“再,又”。 (2016浙江)The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it give
18、s us. 答案在于流言的另一個(gè)作用:它給我們帶來(lái)了滿足感。 You have to wait for another three weeks. 你還得再等三周。 2.other 可用作形容詞,意思為“別的,其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。 You can ask other people to help you. 你可以讓其他人幫你。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,3.the other指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè),不能用another,此時(shí)other為代詞。 The old man has two sons.One is a teacher;the o
19、ther is a doctor. 這位老人有兩個(gè)兒子。一個(gè)是老師,另一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。 4.the other 后可接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,不接不可數(shù)名詞。此時(shí)other為形容詞。 On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一邊,有一棵高樹。 He is taller than the other students in his class. 他比班里其他學(xué)生都高。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,5.others 是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指“另外幾個(gè);其他的”。others
20、不能做定語(yǔ),表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,相當(dāng)于“other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”;the others相當(dāng)于“the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”,指剩下的全部。 They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them. 他們相信這也許解釋了為什么我們中的一些人喜歡某些氣味和味道而其他人不喜歡。 Two students in our class failed,but all the others passed the exam. 班里兩個(gè)學(xué)生沒(méi)及格,但其他學(xué)生全部通過(guò)了考試。,考點(diǎn)二,考
21、點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,everyone/everybody意為“每個(gè)人”;someone/somebody意為“某人,有人”,其特殊含義是“有價(jià)值的人或者重要的人”;anybody意為“任何人,無(wú)論誰(shuí)”;nobody意為“沒(méi)有人,無(wú)人,誰(shuí)也不”。 everything意為“每個(gè);所有”;something意為“某事/物”;其特殊含義是“大致;左右;有價(jià)值的人或者重要的人或者事物”;anything意為“任何事物”;nothing意為“沒(méi)有”。 You can ask anyone for help.Everyone here is willing to
22、lend you a hand. 你可以向任何人求助。這兒的每個(gè)人都愿意幫助你。 Somebody has parked his car right in front of mine. 有人將車子正好停在我的車子前面。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,He was such a fast talker that nobody could understand him. 他講話很快,沒(méi)有人能聽(tīng)懂。 After winning the singing petition,she thought herself someone in her neighborho
23、od. 她贏得歌唱比賽之后,覺(jué)得自己是社區(qū)里的重要人物了。 (201711浙江,聽(tīng)力)Everything is fresher and better tasting than at home.一切東西都比家里的更新鮮,口感更佳。 (2016北京)Growing up,I had people telling me I was too slow,though,with an IQ of 150+ at 17,Im anything but stupid. 在我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中,人們不斷地告訴我,我很遲鈍,盡管我一點(diǎn)也不笨,17歲時(shí)智商就在150以上。 A smile costs nothing,bu
24、t gives much. 微笑花費(fèi)不了什么,卻給予很多。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,常見(jiàn)搭配: nothing but 只不過(guò) anything but絕不;根本不 something of 有點(diǎn)兒;在某種程度上是 nothing to do with 和沒(méi)關(guān)系 for nothing免費(fèi);白白地;白費(fèi);無(wú)緣無(wú)故地 He is anything but a doctor. 他絕不是一名醫(yī)生。 Hes something of a cheat. 他某種程度上是個(gè)騙子。 They will repair the building for the ol
25、d man for nothing. 他們將會(huì)為這位老人免費(fèi)維修樓房。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)九,all,both,everyone,everybody,everything以及“every+名詞”都表示全部肯定。 none,no one,nobody,nothing,neither,not any 以及“no+名詞”均表示全部否定;但當(dāng)not 與表示全部肯定的不定代詞連用時(shí),不管not的位置在其前還是其后,都表示部分否定。 None of them smoke. 他們都不吸煙。 Such a person cant be found everyw
26、here.(部分否定) 這種人并非隨處可見(jiàn)。,,,.根據(jù)提示或語(yǔ)境完成句子 1.(20176浙江)Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.“She thought I had hurt myself (I),”says Pahlsson. 2.(2017全國(guó))However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using it
27、 every day. 3.(2016江蘇)Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways,like gathering in war parties to protect their(they) territory. 4.(2016浙江)In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from that in Canada. 5.(2016北京)For the first time,I feel good about myself (me) because Im doin
28、g something.,,,,,,,,6.(2016北京)All around her(she),people were suffering,especially the elderly. 7.(2016江蘇)He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door,almost all will immediately try to help. 8.A few hours earlier,Id been at home in Hong Kong,wi
29、th its(it) choking smog. 9.Julie learned to use her mind and imagination to entertain herself .,,,,,10.(2018全國(guó)) If you are time poor,you need to run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give it/running a try.,,,,11.As a student studying in America,
30、I find that the method of teaching is quite different from that given by Chinese teachers. 12.I cant help it if he is always making noise.,,,13.I walked her to the car and opened the car door for her,which won me her big smile and gratitude.I know it is a small thing,but I felt so good inside for he
31、lping her.,,14.(2018全國(guó))When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find them(they) alive.,,15.“One time I asked her,why is my(me) listening prehension so bad?” Mr.Zuckerberg said. 16.I was blessed with a happy childhood,one that most people would want to have.,,,,,17.The profess
32、or spoke highly of me,for what I did was better than that of any other top member on the team. 18.(2014江西)When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon? Either.Ill be in all day. 19.Shed lived in London and Manchester,but she liked neither and moved to Cambridge.,,,,,,.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,填上適當(dāng)?shù)拇~(每空一詞) My friend
33、 Henry and I always walk home together after school,for 1.we live in the same block and 2.both of us go in for football.One afternoon on 3.our way home,we were about to say goodbye to each 4.other when we heard a loud shout behind 5.us .As we looked around to see what had happened,we found a middle-
34、aged woman lying on the ground,bleeding.We realized that 6.she had been knocked down by the black car in front of her.We hurried to help 7.her ,but a man with dark glasses came over and tried to prevent Henry and 8.me from getting closer to the wounded woman.So we got very angry with 9.him .How could 10.he stop us from helping a dying woman?The man asked us to turn around and we were surprised to see a man carrying a video camera on the shoulder.They were just shooting a film.,,,,,,,,,,,
（浙江專用）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大一輪新優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專題突破 專題2 代詞課件.ppt
