汽車或者玩具車造型設計【說明書+SOLIDWORKS+仿真】

汽車或者玩具車造型設計【說明書+SOLIDWORKS+仿真】,說明書+SOLIDWORKS+仿真,汽車或者玩具車造型設計【說明書+SOLIDWORKS+仿真】,汽車,或者,玩具車,造型,設計,說明書,仿單,solidworks,仿真 附 錄 B 1. 漢語翻譯 專業(yè)車輛的特點 隨著汽車工業(yè)和市場的發(fā)展，社會對汽車運輸?shù)男屎徒?jīng)濟性以及各種功能的要求也越來越高，從而使汽車運輸工具向?qū)I(yè)化發(fā)展成為必然規(guī)律。從某種意義上說，汽車基本型僅能滿足“量”的要求，完成一般的汽車運輸，只有專業(yè)車輛才能更有效地發(fā)揮汽車運輸?shù)慕?jīng)濟效益和專用功能，從而滿足“質(zhì)”的要求。 汽車運輸專用車輛能保持運輸貨物的物理狀態(tài)和質(zhì)量，采用普通型運輸，是有些貨物在運輸過程中可能會發(fā)生腐爛變質(zhì)，在長途運輸中，如肉類、蛋類若沒有冷凍保鮮專業(yè)設備，尤其是在炎熱的夏天肯定會變質(zhì)。如活魚苗若沒有防震、保濕、充氧氣等專用功能，在長途運輸中會死亡。有些貨物在運輸過程中容易流式損壞，如水泥、玻璃、谷物、蔬菜等。據(jù)我國經(jīng)委運輸研究報告，一些地區(qū)的水果、肉、魚、鮮蛋不能及時外運，造成腐爛變質(zhì)，年虧損達10億元之多，而另一些地區(qū)卻嚴重脫銷。 汽車運輸專用車輛能提高運輸生產(chǎn)率，降低運輸成本，減少勞動消耗、縮短裝卸時間、實現(xiàn)最佳經(jīng)濟效益。例如自卸汽車減少了裝卸勞動力，液罐運輸車自行裝卸油液，灑水車具有自動加水、噴灑道路沖洗水溝的功能，混凝土攪拌車具有拌攪水泥石沙和將混凝土運輸?shù)浇ㄖさ氐墓δ?。普通型汽車是不可能完成這些功能的。 汽車運輸專用車輛具有專門的防護設備對于一些易燃、易爆、易腐蝕、有毒等化學物質(zhì)必須使用專用車輛來運輸，普通型汽車是難以勝任這些物質(zhì)的運輸工作。 除公路運輸外，對石油勘探、市政工程、環(huán)保衛(wèi)生、消防、機場、醫(yī)療、建筑等野需要專用汽車運輸。由于專用車輛具有一些普通型汽車不能比擬的功能，近年來，世界各國都大力發(fā)展專用汽車，致力于專用車輛的研究，以擴大汽車的使用范圍。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計資料介紹，美國專用汽車的產(chǎn)量占汽車產(chǎn)量的58%，9t～11.8t的中性汽車的保有量中，專用汽車占2/3以上。日本專用車輛的保有量占中型貨車的50%以上。德國對專用車輛的需求量越來越大，不僅生產(chǎn)有工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)、食品、市政等專用車輛，還生產(chǎn)有住宅式汽車、野外生活豪華型專用客車。目前，專用車占整個貨車保有量的70%以上。 綜上所述，專用車輛是汽車運輸發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，與普通汽車相比具有能充分發(fā)揮汽車運輸效率，降低運輸成本、縮短裝卸貨物時間、減少勞動消耗和貨物損失，特別是能保持貨物的質(zhì)量和使用價值，有利于各種類貨物運輸?shù)膬?yōu)點。 我國專用車輛起步較晚，生產(chǎn)始于60年代初期，是在軍用改裝汽車哦基礎(chǔ)上逐步發(fā)展起來的。70年代一些生產(chǎn)專用車輛的廠家根據(jù)國民經(jīng)濟的不同需要形成了自己的產(chǎn)品特色，如漢陽特種汽車廠生產(chǎn)半掛車、武漢專用車輛廠生產(chǎn)粉罐式汽車、鎮(zhèn)江冷藏汽車廠生產(chǎn)冷藏保溫車、蘭州專用汽車廠生產(chǎn)廂式汽車、青島專用汽車廠生產(chǎn)自卸汽車等等。80年代，專用車輛獲得迅速發(fā)展，年生產(chǎn)能力達10多萬輛。特別國內(nèi)各大汽車集團公司，如第一汽車集團公司、東風汽車公司、重汽車集團公司等都把專用車輛的開發(fā)放到了重要地位，為專用車輛的發(fā)展起到了重要作用。從此，專用車輛已從形成行業(yè)階段向逐步成熟階段邁進。目前，專用車輛已經(jīng)成為國民經(jīng)濟中不可缺少的交通運輸和工程作業(yè)的重要裝備，專用車輛覆蓋面越來越廣泛。近幾年來一些專用車輛廠家在立足國內(nèi)市場的基礎(chǔ)上，已開始涉足國際市場，尤其是我國中位的專用車輛以其具有的可靠性，性能適中，價格低在第三世界國家中具有競爭能力。綜上所述，我國專用車輛有著廣闊的發(fā)展前景。據(jù)發(fā)展預測，到2000年國內(nèi)需要的專用車輛產(chǎn)品基本能生產(chǎn)自給，而且逐步擴大專用車輛的出口量。 根據(jù)汽車發(fā)展的客觀目標以及目前專用車輛的生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀，在今后一個相當時期內(nèi)，開發(fā)多品種、高技術(shù)、提高專用性能、擴大服務領(lǐng)域是專用車輛發(fā)展的總趨勢。近期內(nèi)我國專用車輛發(fā)展重點主要歸納為以下幾方面。 1. 高等級公路專用車輛 高等級公路的發(fā)展給汽車運輸帶來廣闊的發(fā)展前景。為了有效地發(fā)揮高等級公路的效益和功能，高等級公路專用車輛的發(fā)展主要考慮兩個方面。一方面是運輸?shù)膶Ｓ密囕v朝著大型化、專用化方向發(fā)展，如集裝箱運輸車、大型廂式汽車、大型罐式汽車、大型冷藏汽車、轎車運輸車等。另一方面是高等級公路服務用車輛。為了保障高等級公路全天暢通無阻，必須配備相應的各種高等級公路管理專用車，如巡邏車、救護車、交通監(jiān)理車、搶險車等。為了對高等級公路進行養(yǎng)護和維修，要進行路面清掃、灑水、除草、除雪、修補路面、綠化以及交通工程設施的維護和搶修等都需要開發(fā)相應的專用車輛。 2．油田用專用車輛 根據(jù)國家有關(guān)部門的要求，油田用運載工具的開發(fā)列入國家重大裝備開發(fā)研制項目。近期主要為滿足沙漠油田各種作業(yè)用的專用車輛，如油田固井車、壓裂車、修井車、測井車等，將同步開發(fā)對目前已有的產(chǎn)品進一步改善提高。 3．機場專用車輛 目前，機場各種用途的專用車輛主要依賴進口。隨著我國各主要大、中城市正在興建現(xiàn)代化機場，急需與相配套的各種機場專用車輛，比如大型飛機加油車、飛機牽引車、電源車、跑道清掃車、升降平臺車、貨物運輸車、旅客運輸車。 2. 外文原文 The characteristics of professional vehicles With the auto industry and the development of the market and society on the auto transport efficiency and economy as well as various functional requirements are also getting higher and higher, so that the development of specialized car carriers to become essential law. In a certain sense, can only meet the basic vehicle of "quantity" requirements, the completion of the general motor transport, vehicles can only professional play a more effective vehicle for economic and transport functions, thereby satisfying the "quality" requirements. Motor transport vehicles for the transport of goods to maintain the physical condition and quality, general-use transport, some of the goods during transport corrupts may occur in the long-distance transportation, such as meat, eggs, if not frozen fresh professional equipment, especially in the hot summer will certainly degenerate. If not live fish such as earthquakes, moisture, oxygen filling, and other special features, will be in the long-distance transportation of death. Some of the goods during transport easy-flow damage, such as cement, glass, cereals, vegetables and so on. According to China's Economic Commission, Transport Study report, in some areas of fruits, meat, fish, eggs or timely Sinotrans, causing rot metamorphism, the loss of as much as 1 billion yuan, and other areas are seriously out of stock. Motor Transport improve transport vehicles for productivity, and lower transport costs, reduce labor and reduces the turnaround time to achieve best value for money. For example, to reduce the Dump Truck handling labor, their own handling of a tank transporter of oil, with Automatic Sprinkler water, sprinkler irrigation ditch the function of roads, concrete mixers has stirred mixed sand and cement concrete transported to the construction sites will be the function of . Ordinary car it is impossible to accomplish these functions. Motor Transport specialized vehicles with specialized protective equipment for a number of flammable, explosive, corrosive, toxic chemical substances, such as vehicles to be used for transport, ordinary car it is difficult competence of the transport of these substances. In addition to road transport, oil exploration, municipal engineering, environmental health, fire, airport, medical, construction and other wild need special motor transport. As for vehicles with ordinary cars can not compare to function, in recent years, countries in the world have vigorously develop specialized vehicles, special vehicles to the research, to expand the use of the car. According to statistics, the United States dedicated automotive vehicle production accounted for 58%, 9 t ~ 11.8t neutral in the total number of motor vehicles, specialized vehicles account for more than 2 / 3. Japan accounted for vehicles MGV retained more than 50 per cent. Germany to the growing demand for the vehicles, not only are industrial production,agriculture, forestry, food, municipal, and other special vehicles, and domestic car production, and the wild life of luxury private bus. At present, the Special Purpose Vehiclefor the entire tenure of the vehicle more than 70 percent To sum up, and special motor transport vehicles are a product of the development, as compared with ordinary cars can give full play to motor transport efficiency and reduce the cost of transportation, loading and unloading of cargoes to shorten the time and reduce the loss of goods and labor consumption, particularly to maintain the quality of the goods and the value, to the carriage of goods of various types of benefits. My special vehicles late start, production began in the early 1960s, is in the military based on the modified car Oh gradually develop. 1970s some of the production vehicle manufacturers for the different needs of the national economy in accordance with the formation of its own products, such as automobile production plants Hanyang special semi-trailer, Wuhan special vehicles plant powder tank cars, automobile plant in Zhenjiang frozen refrigerated and insulated car, Lanzhou Special Purpose Vehicle production plants Van automobiles, automobile plant in Qingdao for the production dump truck, and so on. In the 1980s, there was a rapid development of specialized vehicles, the annual production capacity of over 10 million units. Special major domestic car company, such as the First Automobile Group, Dongfeng Motor Corporation, theFAW Group Corporation, and other heavy vehicles regard for the development has been put on an important position for the development of private vehicles has played an important role. Since then, the formation of special vehicles from the industry to phase gradually into the mature stage. At present, special vehicles have become indispensable to the national economy transport and works of important equipment, special vehicles more extensive coverage. In recent years a number of special vehicles manufacturers based on the domestic market on the basis of already begun to set foot in the international market, especially in China-dedicated vehicles with its reliability, performance, moderate, low price in the third world countries is competitive. To sum up, China's special vehicles have broad prospects for future development. According to forecast, in 2000, the need for vehicles capable of producing basic subsistence products, and gradually expand the volume of exports for vehicles. According to automobile and the development of objective criteria for the current production status of vehicles in the future a considerable period of time, the development of more varieties, high-tech, special improve performance, and expand service areas for vehicles is the general trend of development. China's development of vehicles for the near future are summarized in the following key areas. 1. Dedicated highway vehicles Highway to the development of motor transport brought broad prospects for development. In order to effectively play the highway efficiency and performance, high-grade highways vehicles for the development of two major considerations. On the one hand, the transport of special vehicles in the large, dedicated the direction of development, such as vehicles, containers, large vans cars, large tank vehicles, large refrigerated vehicles, such as car transporters. On the other hand highway service vehicles. In order to protect the day uninterrupted highway, must be equipped with the corresponding variety of management for highway vehicles such as cars, ambulances, traffic Commissioner cars, and rescue vehicles. In order to carry out the conservation and highway maintenance, it is necessary to carry out road cleaning, watering, weeding, snow, road repair, green and traffic engineering facilities maintenance and repair, and so needs to develop the corresponding specialized vehicles. 2. Oilfield with special vehicles According to the requirements of relevant departments, the development of the means of delivery of oil to major equipment included in the national development research project. To meet the recent major Xinjiang desert oilfield operations by the various special vehicles, such as cars oilfield cementing, fracturing cars, workover rig trucks, logging trucks, will be the simultaneous development of the current product has been further improved improve. 3. vehicles for airport Currently, the airport uses for the vehicles mainly rely on imports. As China's major big cities in the construction of modern airports, and the urgent need of accessories of all kinds of vehicles for the airport, such as large aircraft refueling vehicles, aircraft towing, power cars, trucks sweeping the runway, take-off and landing platform cars, goods vehicles, passenger vehicles, etc. 6