中考英語第一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題十一 非謂語動(dòng)詞課件

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1、 第一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題語法專題專題十一專題十一 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞考考 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 梳梳 理理中中 考考 鏈鏈 接接廣廣 東東 真真 題題考考 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 精精 練練 廣東真題廣東真題( ) 1. We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D.to leave (2015廣東） ( ) 2. In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced he

2、rself to get up early this morning. (2014廣東） A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being lateBA( ) 3. I didnt hear you come in just now. Thats good. We tried _any noise, for you were sleeping. A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making（2013廣東）( ) 4. It took me two weeks _ reading

3、 the novels written by Guo Jingming. （2012廣東） A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing BB 廣東真題廣東真題( ) 5. Try to sing more English songs, you will find it interesting _ a foreign language. A. learning B. learns （2011廣東） C. learn D. to learn( ) 6. We can use QQ to chat with each other on the In

4、ternet. Really? Will you please show me_ it? A. how to use （2010廣東） B. what to use C. how can I use D. what can I useDA 廣東真題廣東真題 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞不定式（考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）1. 作主語: 動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，其位置有以下兩種：（1） 把不定式置于句首。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. （2） 用it作形式主語，把真正的主語不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。

5、A.Itbe名詞to do Its our duty to take good care of the old. B. It takes sb + some time + to do How long did it take you to finish the work？ C. Itbe形容詞for sbto do 在這一句型中，形容詞表做某事怎么樣。 這類形容詞有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary等。 這一句型= Doing sth/To do sth is 形容詞 for sb. It is difficult for u

6、s to finish writing the composition. = Finishing writing the composition is difficult for us.D. Itbe形容詞of sbto do 在這一句型中，形容詞表人的品質(zhì)、性格或特性。 這類形容詞有：careless，clever，good，foolish，honest，kind，lazy，nice，silly，stupid，wise等。 這一句型= sb is形容詞to do sth.Its kind of you to help me with my English. =You are kind to

7、help me with my English. 2. 作表語：表示主語的“職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”。 His job is to design new machines. Her dream is to be a teacher.3. 作賓語。（1） 常跟不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有。如：agree，choose，decide，fail ，help，expect，hope，learn，plan， pretend，promise，refuse，wish，manage，offer，prepare等。 I decided to ask for my money back. （2） 主語think/find/fe

8、el/makeit形容詞to do句式。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語為to do。 We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. （3） 介詞but，except，besides + do /to do 在這種句型中，如介詞前有動(dòng)詞do，后面則不帶to，如無動(dòng)詞do，則有to。(前有do，后無to；前無do，后有to) The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. 敵人毫無選擇

9、只好屈服。 On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. 周日下午我無事可做只好看電視。 4. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 （1） 常接不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：allow，ask，advise，beg，encourage，expect，get，would like，urge, order，permit，teach，tell，want，warn，wish，invite等。 Would you like me to turn off the light？ I want you to understand the meaning clearly. （2）

10、（一感覺二聽三讓四看） feel，hear/listen to，make/have/let，see/look at/watch/notice+sb./sth. + do，后用不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)須省略to。但這種句式在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，to不能省略。 They make the students do too much homework every day. =The students are made to do too much homework every day. 5. 作定語: 不定式可以在句子充當(dāng)后置定語，修飾名詞注意以下幾類常用不定式作定語的情況：（1） 序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被only

11、，last，next等修飾的名詞，可以用不定式作定語。 She was the only person to survive after the earthquake.（2） 如果該不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，它后面需要加上適當(dāng)介詞。 She has a meeting to attend. （動(dòng)賓關(guān)系=attend a meeting） Theres nothing to worry about. （動(dòng)賓關(guān)系=worry about nothing） He has a small room to live in. （動(dòng)賓關(guān)系= live in a small room） 6. 作狀語: 不定式可以作

12、狀語，表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件等。（1） to do/ so as to do（不能放在句首） /in order to do作目的狀語。 I stay there to/in order to see what will happen. To /In order to catch the early bus，he got up early. （此句不能用so as to do）（2） enough to do/tooto do結(jié)構(gòu)。 The boy isnt old enough to go to school. = The boy is too young to go to school

13、. （3） 形容詞（happy，glad，lucky，fortunate，surprised，angry，anxious，ready，quick，slow，cruel，clever等）+ to do The question is difficult to answer. He is hard to get along with.7. 疑問詞+不定式（包括whether，what，which，whom，where，when，how，不包括why），在句中起名詞的作用，通常跟在諸如tell，know，show，decide，learn，wonder，explain等動(dòng)詞后作賓、主語或表語。 No

14、 one can tell me where to find John. When to take the exam is still unknown. The problem is how to get enough money. D 考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)( ) 1. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _ it. A. stop B. stopped C. stopping D. to stop( ) 2. Mr.Wang does what he can us improve our English.

15、 A. help B. to help C. helping D. helpedB 考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)名詞考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)名詞 動(dòng)名詞的句法功能：動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成。動(dòng)名詞主要起名詞作用，在句中擔(dān)任主語、表語、賓語和定語。1. 作主語：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語作主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Seeing is believing. （眼見為實(shí)。） Collecting stamps is a good hobby. 2. 作表語：通常是說明主語的內(nèi)容，注意它與謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。 His hobby is collecting stamps. （作表語）他的愛好是收集郵票。 He is collecting stam

16、ps.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）他正在收集郵票。 3. 作賓語： （1） 作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語（enjoy，mind，finish，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，escape，practise，suggest，keep on，miss，imagine，risk）（2） 作介詞的賓語 be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做； look forward to doing 盼望做； pay attention to doing 注意做某事; spend time （in） doing 花時(shí)間做； be fond of doing 喜愛做； be good at doing 擅長(zhǎng)

17、做； be proud of doing 為做而自豪； be tired of doing 對(duì)做感到厭倦； feel like doing想做； go on doing 繼續(xù)做（原來的事）； keep on doing 不停地做； how/what about doing 做怎么樣； think of doing 考慮做； be interested in doing 對(duì)做感興趣； have some difficulty/trouble / a hard time （in） doing 做某事有困難； be busy doing 忙于做； instead of doing 而不做; stop

18、/ prevent/ keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事; Thank sb. for doing 謝謝某人做某事; prefer doing to doing 寧愿做而不愿做; have fun/ have a good time doing 做某事很高興; cant help doing 情不自禁地做某事; 4. 作定語 動(dòng)名詞可作前置定語，表示所修飾的詞的用途或目的，可用for改寫；而現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，可用定語從句改寫。 swimming pool waiting room walking stick a sleeping car=a car for sleeping

19、 a sleeping child= a child who is sleeping DB考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)C考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)( ) 3. Nick, would you mind those old jeans? They look terrible. A. not to wear B. not wear C. wearing not D. not wearing( ) 4. I spent a lot of time English last weekend. A. to practice speaking B. practicing to speak C. practicing speaking

20、D.to practice to speak( ) 5. Janes mother preferred TV at home to_ to the concert. A. to watch; go B. watching; going C. watching; go D. to watch; going考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別1. 有些動(dòng)詞后面既可跟動(dòng)詞不定式，又可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但它們的區(qū)別不大。如：begin，start，hate，love，like等。 2. 有些動(dòng)詞后面既可跟動(dòng)詞不定式，又可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，注意它們的不同意思。 動(dòng)詞doing s

21、thto do sthremember記得做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）記得去做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）forget忘了做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）忘了要做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）regret后悔過去做過的事遺憾地去做事mean意味著做某事打算做某事try試著做某事（看會(huì)發(fā)生什么）努力、盡力做某事stop停止做某事停下來去做另一事go on繼續(xù)做原來的事接著做另一事cant help禁不住、情不自禁地做某事無法幫助去做某事need/want/require某事需要被做（=to be done）需要做某事（主動(dòng)意思）（1） I meant to catch the early bus.我打算去坐早班車。 This mea

22、ns wasting a lot of money.這意味著浪費(fèi)很多錢。（2） You should try to overcome your shortcomings.你應(yīng)該盡力去克服你的缺點(diǎn)。 Try working out the problem in another way. 試著用另一種方法來解決這個(gè)問題。（3） On the way to the airport，I stopped to buy a book. 在去機(jī)場(chǎng)的路上，我停下來買了一本書。 Youd better stop arguing and do it well. 你們最好停止?fàn)幊常阉龊谩?（4） She cou

23、ldnt help crying at the news.聽到這個(gè)消息她情不自禁地哭了。 I am very busy. So I cant help to buy the book for you. 我很忙，因此不能幫你買書。（5） He went on to talk about world situation. 他接著又談了世界形勢(shì)。 We go on working although it is raining. 盡管在下雨，我們還是繼續(xù)工作。 B考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)( ) 6. -I feel tired and sleepy. -Why not stop for a while? A. rest B. to rest C. resting D. rested( ) 7. Remember the book to the library when you finish it. A. to return; to read B. returning; reading C. to return; reading D. returning; to readC1-5 ADBBD 6-10 BBCAC11-15 DBDAB 16-20 BABDB 中考鏈接中考鏈接1-5 ACDDD 6-10 CCCCB 11-15 ABACB 16-20 BCCCC 考點(diǎn)精練考點(diǎn)精練