高中英語 Unit 1 Great scientistsGrammar 語法課件 新人教版必修5

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1、人教課標版人教課標版 高二必修高二必修5 Unit 1例句展示例句展示 仔細觀察下列句子中的過去分詞的用法。仔細觀察下列句子中的過去分詞的用法。1. The recovered animals will be released soon.2. We needed much more qualified workers.過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語3. Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples.4. He is a teacher loved by his students.5. The student d

2、ressed in white is my daughter. = The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.自我歸納自我歸納 1. 過去分詞作定語時，表示的動作在過去分詞作定語時，表示的動作在_之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有有_意義（見句意義（見句1）。此時，作）。此時，作定語的過去分詞一般是由定語的過去分詞一般是由_動動詞變來的，因為只有此類動詞才有詞變來的，因為只有此類動詞才有被動意義。被動意義。謂語動作謂語動作被動被動及物及物2. 單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞飾的名詞

3、 _（見句（見句1、句、句2）。）。_ 作定語要放在被修飾作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語，表示被的名詞后面，作后置定語，表示被動或完成，其作用相當于一個動或完成，其作用相當于一個_（見句（見句3、句、句4、句、句5）。）。之前之前過去分詞短語過去分詞短語定語從句定語從句拓展拓展1. 不及物動詞的過去分詞也可作定語，不及物動詞的過去分詞也可作定語，一般作前置定語，不表示被動意義，一般作前置定語，不表示被動意義，只強調(diào)動作完成。只強調(diào)動作完成。如：如：fallen leaves落葉；落葉；retired workers退休工人；退休工人；the risen sun升升起的太陽。起的太陽。

4、2. 如果被修飾的詞是由如果被修飾的詞是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所構(gòu)成的所構(gòu)成的復合代詞或指示代詞復合代詞或指示代詞those或或these等等時，即使是單一的過去分詞作定語，時，即使是單一的過去分詞作定語，也要放在被修飾詞的后面。如：也要放在被修飾詞的后面。如： There is nothing changed here since I left this town.3. 過去分詞短語有時還可用作非限制過去分詞短語有時還可用作非限制性定語，相當于一個非限制性定語性定語，相當于一個非限制性定語從句，前后用逗號分開。如：從句，前后

5、用逗號分開。如： Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.辨析辨析 過去分詞與動詞過去分詞與動詞-ing形式作定語時形式作定語時的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：動詞動詞-ing形式作定語時與所修飾的名詞之形式作定語時與所修飾的名詞之間是主動關(guān)系，表示動作正在進行；而間是主動關(guān)系，表示動作正在進行；而過去分詞作定語時，則表示被動或完成過去分詞作定語時，則表示被動或完成意義。如：意義。如：Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a no

6、vel.The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses paid vacation to China.例句展示例句展示 仔細觀察下列句子中的過去仔細觀察下列句子中的過去分詞的用法。分詞的用法。1. The street is lined with small shops.2. Tom was astonished to see his father.自我歸納自我歸納過去分詞作表語時，與謂語動詞構(gòu)成過去分詞作表語時，與謂語動詞構(gòu)成_結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和_。 過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語系表系表

7、狀態(tài)狀態(tài)辨析辨析1. 過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語，主要表示主語的狀過去分詞作表語，主要表示主語的狀態(tài)和特征，而被動語態(tài)則表示動作。態(tài)和特征，而被動語態(tài)則表示動作。如：如： The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. The library is now closed. 2. 過去分詞作表語與動詞過去分詞作表語與動詞-ing形式作表形式作表語的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語表示被語的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語表示被動或完成，動詞動或完成，動詞-ing形式作表語表示形式作表語表示主動或進行。如：主動或進

8、行。如： She was embarrassed because she didnt know the answer. Todays meeting was boring.3. 有些動詞如有些動詞如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其過去分詞形式等通常用其過去分詞形式來說明人的情況，用動詞來說明人的情況，用動詞-ing形式形式來說明物的情況。如：來說明物的情況。如： The book is interesting and Im interested in it. 強化訓練強化訓練 從從A、B、C、D中選出最佳選項。中選出最佳選項。1. The mur

9、derer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied2. The Emperors New Clothes is an _ text. All of us are _ about it. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. excited; exciting D. exciting; excited3. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year,

10、 the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried4. Im very _ with the dish I cooked. It looks nice and smells delicious. Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 5.

11、I have read plenty of books _ by Lu Xun. A. written B. wrote C. writes D. writing6. His nephew, _ at sea when he was fifteen, had been his only relative. A. losing B. loses C. lost D. being lost7. They had beef and _ for supper. A. smoking fish B. fish smoking C. fish to smoke D. smoked fish8. She a

12、sked if there was anything _ for tonight. A. to plan B. planned C. that plans D. planning用以下單詞的正確形式填空：用以下單詞的正確形式填空：worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, concern1. Ill be _ to hear what he has to say.2. The mayor said that he was _ about the _ rise of the water level in the river bed.intereste

13、dworriedcontinued3. Recently _ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.4. Most of the newspaper seems to be _ with pop stars.5. He was _ of going alone into the empty house.frightenedconcernedarrived1. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ a

14、s 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known高考鏈接高考鏈接B解析：答案解析：答案B。此處考查過去分詞作后置。此處考查過去分詞作后置定語，定語，3M與與know之間是被動關(guān)系，故用之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動。過去分詞表示被動。2. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recordedA解析：答

15、案解析：答案A。此處考查過去分詞作。此處考查過去分詞作后置定語，后置定語，disc與與record之間是被動之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示。關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示。3. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. knownD解析：答案解析：答案D。know與與words，expressions，phrases構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動。故用過去分詞表示被動。4. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smeltB解析：答案解析：答案B。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作定。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾語，修飾flowers。smell為系動詞，為系動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)，相當于不能用于被動語態(tài)，相當于which/that smells sweet。