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1、語法專項(xiàng)突破系列7. 連詞和狀語從句連詞連詞高考中?？疾楦呖贾谐？疾? 1. 并列連詞按照在句中的作用可分為并列連詞按照在句中的作用可分為: 表并列關(guān)系的連詞表并列關(guān)系的連詞(and, as well as, both. . . and. . . , not only. . . but also. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等等)、表、表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞(but, yet, however, while, nevertheless等等)、表選擇關(guān)、表選擇關(guān)系的連詞系的連詞(or, either. . . or. . . 等等)、表因果關(guān)系的連詞、表因果
2、關(guān)系的連詞(for, so等等)。Why do you like staying in Guiyang? Because the weather there is neither too hot nor too cold. 2. when和和while可作并列連詞?？勺鞑⒘羞B詞。when表示表示“在那時(shí)在那時(shí), 此時(shí)突然此時(shí)突然”; while表示表示“然而然而, 而而”, 表對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。并列連詞表對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。并列連詞when常用于以常用于以下句型中下句型中: . . . was/were doing. . . when. . . (正在做正在做突然突然). . . was/were
3、about to do. . . when. . . (剛要做剛要做突然突然). . . was/were on the point of doing. . . when. . . (剛要做剛要做突突然然). . . had just done. . . when. . . (剛剛/一一就就)The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motorbike. He is strong while his brother is weak. 3. 從屬連詞用來引導(dǎo)各類狀語從句從屬連詞
4、用來引導(dǎo)各類狀語從句, 如如after, where, as if, because, so. . . that. . . , in order that, if, although, as. . . as. . . 等。等。【典題印證典題印證】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空(2014北京高考北京高考)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _ plants can spread to new places. 解題關(guān)鍵解題關(guān)鍵: 根據(jù)根據(jù)carry seeds與與spread to new places可知可知, 兩個(gè)分句之間兩
5、個(gè)分句之間存在因果關(guān)系。存在因果關(guān)系。答案判定答案判定: 句意句意: 有些動(dòng)物把種子從一個(gè)地方帶到另外一個(gè)地方有些動(dòng)物把種子從一個(gè)地方帶到另外一個(gè)地方, 因此因此植物就可以傳播到新地方了。所以填植物就可以傳播到新地方了。所以填so。 【高考集訓(xùn)高考集訓(xùn)】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1. (2014廣東高考廣東高考)We were told that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, _ for the week after. 2. (2014新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)But the river wasnt changed in a f
6、ew days _ even a few months. butor3. (2014湖北高考湖北高考)Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but slipped _ went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow. 4. (2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also
7、intelligent, fails. 5. (2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)I was glad to meet Jenny again, _ I didnt want to spend all day with her. andwhilebut狀語從句狀語從句考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句(1)though/although: 在句子中一般用了在句子中一般用了“雖然雖然(though/although)”就不就不能再用能再用“但是但是(but)”, 但可以與但可以與yet或或still連用連用; though與與although意義意義相同相同, 用法基本一樣用法基本一樣, 前者
8、通俗前者通俗, 口語化口語化, 后者正式后者正式, 多放在主句的前面。多放在主句的前面。*Frank insisted that he was not asleep although I had great difficulty in waking him up. 盡管我費(fèi)了好大勁才叫醒弗蘭克盡管我費(fèi)了好大勁才叫醒弗蘭克, 但是他堅(jiān)持說沒有睡著。但是他堅(jiān)持說沒有睡著。(2)even if和和even though的意思為的意思為“即使即使, 縱使縱使”, 有退一步設(shè)想的意有退一步設(shè)想的意味味, 多用于書面語中。多用于書面語中。*The engineers are so busy that th
9、ey have zero time for outdoor sports activities, even if they have the interest. 工程師們非常繁忙工程師們非常繁忙, 即使有戶即使有戶外體育活動(dòng)的興趣也沒有時(shí)間去做。外體育活動(dòng)的興趣也沒有時(shí)間去做。(3)as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句多用于書面語引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句多用于書面語, 從句常放在句首從句常放在句首, 語序部分倒語序部分倒裝。被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形。若表語是單數(shù)可數(shù)裝。被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形。若表語是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞名詞, 則該名詞提前時(shí)則該名詞提前時(shí), 省去其前的冠詞。省去其前的冠詞。
10、*Try as she might, Sue couldnt get the door open. 盡管蘇盡力了盡管蘇盡力了, 但她沒能把門打開。但她沒能把門打開。(4)no matter(who, what, when, where, which, how. . . ): no matter. . . 與與wh-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句意義基本一樣引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句意義基本一樣, no matter. . . 引導(dǎo)的從引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句前或主句后。句可位于主句前或主句后。*No matter how dry a desert may be, it is not necessarily l
11、ifeless. 不管沙漠里可能是多么干燥不管沙漠里可能是多么干燥, 它也并不一定是沒有生命存在的。它也并不一定是沒有生命存在的。(5)wh-ever(whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/whichever); however。wh-ever從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以和從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以和may連用連用; wh-ever可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句和名詞性從句可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句和名詞性從句, no matter. . . 只能引導(dǎo)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。讓步狀語從句。*To show our respect, we usually have to take our glove
12、s off whoever we are to shake hands with. 不論我們和誰握手不論我們和誰握手, 為了表示尊敬為了表示尊敬, 我們通常要摘掉手套。我們通常要摘掉手套。(6)while也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 意為意為“雖然雖然”。*While volleyball is her main focus, shes also good at basketball. 盡管排球是她主要的項(xiàng)目盡管排球是她主要的項(xiàng)目, 她也很擅長籃球。她也很擅長籃球?！军c(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】讓步狀語從句中的主語和主句主語一致讓步狀語從句中的主語和主句主語一致, 或從句主語為或從句主語為it
13、, 而而且從句的謂語又包含且從句的謂語又包含be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞, 則可以把從句主語和則可以把從句主語和be動(dòng)詞省略。動(dòng)詞省略?！镜漕}印證典題印證】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空(2014北京高考北京高考)the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. 解題關(guān)鍵解題關(guān)鍵: 搞清主從句之間的關(guān)系搞清主從句之間的關(guān)系, “far away”與與“visit it every year”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系, 故可填故可填as或或even though。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)從句需引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)從句需要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)要
14、用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu); even though相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于even if, 意為意為“盡管盡管, 雖然雖然”, 引導(dǎo)讓引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。根據(jù)步狀語從句。根據(jù)the forest park is far away是正常語序是正常語序, 并未用倒裝并未用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)可知結(jié)構(gòu)可知, even though符合句意和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。注意首字母應(yīng)大寫。符合句意和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。注意首字母應(yīng)大寫。 【高考集訓(xùn)高考集訓(xùn)】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1. (2013遼寧高考遼寧高考)One can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is
15、in life. 2. (2013天津高考天津高考)_ small, the company has about 1, 000 buyers in over 30 countries. 3. (2013四川高考四川高考)He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _he wants to. howAlthough/Thougheven if4. (2013上海高考上海高考)They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, _ diffic
16、ulty they might have. 5. (2012陜西高考陜西高考)Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. whateveras/though考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句(1)when指的是指的是“某一具體的時(shí)間某一具體的時(shí)間”, 從句中謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性或非延從句中謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性的。續(xù)性的。*When I came into the room, he was writing a letter. 當(dāng)我走進(jìn)房間時(shí)當(dāng)我走進(jìn)房間時(shí),
17、他正在寫信。他正在寫信。(2)whenever指的是指的是“在任何一個(gè)不具體的時(shí)間在任何一個(gè)不具體的時(shí)間”。*You can ask for help whenever you need it. 你如果需要幫助請隨時(shí)提出來。你如果需要幫助請隨時(shí)提出來。(3)while指指“在某一段時(shí)間里在某一段時(shí)間里”, “在在期間期間”, while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的。須是持續(xù)性的。*Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal. 當(dāng)客人們將要結(jié)束用餐的時(shí)候瑪麗沖完了咖啡。當(dāng)客人們將要結(jié)束用餐的時(shí)候瑪麗沖完了咖啡。(
18、4)as(一邊一邊一邊一邊)引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作, 強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。生。*He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他急忙趕回家他急忙趕回家, 邊走邊回頭看。邊走邊回頭看。(5)before意為意為“在在之前之前, 在在之后才之后才, 不等不等就就”。*The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 女孩還沒來得及按門女孩還沒來得
19、及按門鈴鈴, 門就突然打開了。她的朋友跑出來迎接她。門就突然打開了。她的朋友跑出來迎接她。(6)after意為意為“在在之后之后”。*Several years after theyd split up they met again by chance in Beijing. 他們分手幾年以后在北京又偶然相遇。他們分手幾年以后在北京又偶然相遇。(7)till/until: 如果主句動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如果主句動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 常用肯定式常用肯定式, 表示表示“直直到到為止為止”; 如果主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間性動(dòng)詞如果主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間性動(dòng)詞, 要用否定式要用否定式, 表示表示“直直到到才才”“”“在在以前不
20、以前不”, 從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào), 一般用一般用until。*If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait until it comes out on DVD. 如果許多人都說一部電影不好的話如果許多人都說一部電影不好的話, 我不會(huì)費(fèi)心去觀看我不會(huì)費(fèi)心去觀看, 或者我將一直或者我將一直等到等到DVD版本的電影出版。版本的電影出版。(8)since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用一般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用一般過去時(shí), 謂語通常是短暫性動(dòng)詞謂語通常是短暫性動(dòng)詞, 主句用現(xiàn)在
21、完成時(shí)。主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。*I have been teaching here since I left college. 自從我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后自從我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后, 我就一直在此教學(xué)。我就一直在此教學(xué)。(9)as soon as/hardly. . . when/no sooner. . . than/the moment/the instant/the second/immediately/directly/instantly: hardly. . . when和和no sooner. . . than的意義相當(dāng)于的意義相當(dāng)于as soon as, 但只表示過去發(fā)生的事情但只表示過去發(fā)生的事情,
22、主主句為過去完成時(shí)句為過去完成時(shí), 從句為過去時(shí)從句為過去時(shí), 如如hardly或或no sooner位于句首時(shí)語氣位于句首時(shí)語氣強(qiáng)強(qiáng), 而且主句的謂語要用部分倒裝。而且主句的謂語要用部分倒裝。*Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one as soon as it becomes available. 僅暫時(shí)使用此房間僅暫時(shí)使用此房間, 一旦有了大的一旦有了大的, 我們就提供給你一個(gè)。我們就提供給你一個(gè)。*He had no sooner finished his speech than the
23、 students started cheering. 他一完成演講學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來了。他一完成演講學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來了。(10)every time/each time/last time/next time/by the time: 在時(shí)間狀語在時(shí)間狀語從句中從句中, 不能用將來時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)不能用將來時(shí)或過去將來時(shí), 而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。代替將來時(shí)。*Next time you come here, I will tell you. 下次你來這里下次你來這里, 我會(huì)告訴你的。我會(huì)告訴你的?！军c(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】時(shí)間狀語從句的時(shí)間狀語從句的3個(gè)重
24、點(diǎn)句型個(gè)重點(diǎn)句型(1)It will be. . . before. . . 過多久才過多久才*It will be long before they come back. 他們很久才能回來。他們很久才能回來。(2)It wont be. . . before. . . 不久就不久就*John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job. 約翰覺得不會(huì)過很久他就能為新工作作好準(zhǔn)備。約翰覺得不會(huì)過很久他就能為新工作作好準(zhǔn)備。(3)It is/has been. . . since. . . 自從自從以來以來時(shí)間時(shí)間注意注意:
25、 since引導(dǎo)的從句如果用瞬間性動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的從句如果用瞬間性動(dòng)詞, 表示的時(shí)間是從謂語動(dòng)作表示的時(shí)間是從謂語動(dòng)作算起算起; 如果用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示的時(shí)間是從動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的結(jié)束算起。如果用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示的時(shí)間是從動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的結(jié)束算起。*It has been a decade since he joined the club. 他加入俱樂部已他加入俱樂部已10年了。年了。(從加入俱樂部后算起從加入俱樂部后算起)*It is two years and a half since he was an ambassador to France. 他不他不擔(dān)任駐法大使已兩年半了。擔(dān)任駐法大使已兩年半了。(從
26、不再擔(dān)任大使算起從不再擔(dān)任大使算起)【點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】在時(shí)間狀語從句中在時(shí)間狀語從句中, 如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致, 或從或從句的主語為句的主語為it, 并且從句的謂語又包含并且從句的謂語又包含be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞, 則從句的主語和則從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞可以省略?？梢允÷??！镜漕}印證典題印證】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空(2014安徽高考安徽高考)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times_ it finally came to include the sense“pleasant. ”解題關(guān)鍵解題關(guān)鍵: 根據(jù)
27、根據(jù)finally可知可知, came to include the sense“pleasant”后于后于The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times發(fā)生發(fā)生, 據(jù)此可判斷據(jù)此可判斷連詞。連詞。答案判定答案判定: 句意句意: “nice”一詞的含義變化了數(shù)次一詞的含義變化了數(shù)次, 直到最后它才包括了直到最后它才包括了“pleasant”的含義。在的含義。在nice包括包括pleasant這一含義之前這一含義之前, 其含義還有其其含義還有其他幾次演變。所以填他幾次演變。所以填before。 【高考集訓(xùn)高考集訓(xùn)】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空
28、1. (2014陜西高考陜西高考)The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. 2. (2014江西高考江西高考)It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. beforewhen3. (2014天津高考天津高考)_ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will bec
29、ome much easier. 4. (2013陜西高考陜西高考)I have heard a lot of good things about you _ I came back from abroad. 5. (2012山東高考山東高考)He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. Oncesinceas考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 地點(diǎn)狀語從句和條件狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句和條件狀語從句1. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句?？疾榈攸c(diǎn)狀語從句常考查: (1)where與與wherever意義基本相同意義基本相同, 但后者語氣較強(qiáng)但后者語氣較強(qiáng), 多用
30、于書面語。多用于書面語。*Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. 今天今天, 為了不遺漏要點(diǎn)為了不遺漏要點(diǎn), 我們從昨天結(jié)束的地方開始。我們從昨天結(jié)束的地方開始。*You can put the book wherever you like. 你可以把書放在任意一個(gè)你喜歡的地方。你可以把書放在任意一個(gè)你喜歡的地方。(2)地點(diǎn)狀語從句在句首時(shí)常兼有抽象條件意味。地點(diǎn)狀語從句在句首時(shí)常兼有抽象條件意味。*Where theres a will, theres a way.
31、有志者事竟成。有志者事竟成?！军c(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。引導(dǎo)的狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句直接修飾動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句直接修飾動(dòng)詞, 而在定語從句中而在定語從句中where作為關(guān)作為關(guān)系副詞要跟在表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞后面系副詞要跟在表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞后面, 即此時(shí)有明顯的地點(diǎn)名詞。即此時(shí)有明顯的地點(diǎn)名詞。*When solving the problem a second time, youd better be more careful where you made a mistake. =When solving the problem a se
32、cond time, youd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake. 當(dāng)你第二次解決這個(gè)問題的時(shí)候當(dāng)你第二次解決這個(gè)問題的時(shí)候, 你最好在出過差錯(cuò)的地方更加小心。你最好在出過差錯(cuò)的地方更加小心。2. 條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞: if/unless/as long as/so long as/in case/so far as/as far as。(1)unless從句的謂語只能用肯定式從句的謂語只能用肯定式; unless和和if. . . not同義同義, unless是書是書面語面語,
33、 if. . . not是口語是口語, 二者通?？梢該Q用。二者通?？梢該Q用。*The little boy wont go to sleep unless his mother tells him a story. 除除非他的媽媽給他講故事非他的媽媽給他講故事, 否則這個(gè)小男孩是不會(huì)睡覺的。否則這個(gè)小男孩是不會(huì)睡覺的。(2)條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)代替條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)。一般將來時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)。*So long as you work hard, you will succeed. 只要努力工作只要努力工作
34、, 你就會(huì)成功。你就會(huì)成功。【點(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】在條件狀語從句中在條件狀語從句中, 從句的主語和主句主語一致從句的主語和主句主語一致, 或從句的主或從句的主語為語為it, 而且從句的謂語又包含而且從句的謂語又包含be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞, 就可以省略從句中的主語和就可以省略從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞?！镜漕}印證典題印證】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空(2014重慶高考重慶高考)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi_ the bus had dropped her. 解題關(guān)鍵解題關(guān)鍵: 把握所填空前后的關(guān)系把握所填空前后的關(guān)系, 從從couldnt
35、get a taxi與與the bus had dropped her的邏輯關(guān)系上看應(yīng)表示地點(diǎn)。的邏輯關(guān)系上看應(yīng)表示地點(diǎn)。答案判定答案判定: 句意句意: 半小時(shí)后半小時(shí)后, 露西仍然沒有從下公交車的地方打到出租露西仍然沒有從下公交車的地方打到出租車。所以用車。所以用where。 【高考集訓(xùn)高考集訓(xùn)】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1. (2014遼寧高考遼寧高考)_ you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep breath. 2. (2014湖南高考湖南高考)You will never gain success _ you are fully devote
36、d to your work. 3. (2013上海高考上海高考)I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise _ I am sitting. Ifunlesswhere考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 其他狀語從句其他狀語從句1. 目的狀語從句。目的狀語從句。(1)so that/in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could等。等。*The police officers in our city work hard in order that the rest of u
37、s can live a safe life. 為了其余人能過上安全的生活為了其余人能過上安全的生活, 我們城市的警察工作很努力。我們城市的警察工作很努力。(2)in order that引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前或之后引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前或之后, so that引導(dǎo)的從句引導(dǎo)的從句只能位于主句之后。只能位于主句之后。 (3)for fear that(唯恐唯恐, 以防以防)與與in case所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中, 謂語動(dòng)謂語動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也用詞有時(shí)也用should/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。*The boy hid himself behind the
38、tree for fear that his father might see him. 男孩藏在樹后以防他父親看見他。男孩藏在樹后以防他父親看見他。*Take your umbrella in case it should rain. 帶上雨傘以防下雨。帶上雨傘以防下雨?！军c(diǎn)津點(diǎn)津】in case當(dāng)當(dāng)“萬一萬一, 如果如果”講時(shí)講時(shí), 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。*In case that he leaves, please inform me. 如果他離開如果他離開, 請通知我。請通知我。(4)目的狀語從句可以用目的狀語從句可以用so as to, in order to等不定式代
39、替等不定式代替, 但主句和從但主句和從句的主語必須一致。句的主語必須一致。*He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus. =He got up early so as to/in order to catch the early bus. 他早起是為了趕上早班車。他早起是為了趕上早班車。2. 結(jié)果狀語從句。結(jié)果狀語從句。(1)so that前有逗號(hào)前有逗號(hào), 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。*We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news. 我們開大了收
40、音機(jī)的音量我們開大了收音機(jī)的音量, 結(jié)果每個(gè)人都聽到了新聞。結(jié)果每個(gè)人都聽到了新聞。(2)so. . . that中中so后面跟形容詞或副詞。后面跟形容詞或副詞。*He was so excited that he couldnt say a word. 他如此興奮以至于說不出話來。他如此興奮以至于說不出話來。(3)such. . . that中中such后面跟名詞后面跟名詞, 如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用such a/an. . . that, 還可以轉(zhuǎn)換用還可以轉(zhuǎn)換用so. . . that, 語氣較強(qiáng)。語氣較強(qiáng)。*Jack is so honest a worker that
41、 we all believe him. =Jack is such an honest worker that we all believe him. 杰克是位誠實(shí)的工人杰克是位誠實(shí)的工人, (以至于以至于)我們大家都相信他。我們大家都相信他。3. 原因狀語從句。原因狀語從句。(1)because用來回答用來回答why的提問的提問, 語氣最強(qiáng)語氣最強(qiáng), 一般放在主句之后。一般放在主句之后。*The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife. 這位老人叫露西挪到另一
42、把椅子上因?yàn)樗敫拮影ぶ＿@位老人叫露西挪到另一把椅子上因?yàn)樗敫拮影ぶ?2)since表示既然或已知的理由表示既然或已知的理由, 稍加分析即可表明的原因稍加分析即可表明的原因, 多放句首。多放句首。*Since everyone is here, lets begin our meeting. 既然大家都到了既然大家都到了, 我們就開始開會(huì)吧。我們就開始開會(huì)吧。(3)as引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句首引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句首, 說明次要的原因說明次要的原因, 主句說明結(jié)果主句說明結(jié)果, 常用于常用于口語中口語中(注意比較注意比較: for連接的是并列句連接的是并列句)。*As he didn
43、t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary. 由于他不太懂英語由于他不太懂英語, 所以在詞典中查了那個(gè)單詞。所以在詞典中查了那個(gè)單詞。(4)considering that, seeing that, now that和和since意義相似意義相似, 都有都有“鑒于鑒于某個(gè)事實(shí)某個(gè)事實(shí)”的意思的意思, that可以省去。可以省去。*He finished his task very well, considering that it was quite different. 鑒于這項(xiàng)任務(wù)相當(dāng)特殊鑒于這項(xiàng)任務(wù)相當(dāng)特殊,
44、 他完成得很不錯(cuò)。他完成得很不錯(cuò)。4. 方式狀語從句。方式狀語從句。(1)as引導(dǎo)狀語從句引導(dǎo)狀語從句, 意為意為“按照按照”。*Do as you are told to. 按照你被告知的那樣去做。按照你被告知的那樣去做。(2)as if或或as though的意義和用法基本一樣的意義和用法基本一樣; 從句中可以用陳述語氣表從句中可以用陳述語氣表示可能符合事實(shí)示可能符合事實(shí), 也可以用虛擬語氣表示與事實(shí)相反。也可以用虛擬語氣表示與事實(shí)相反。*Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done s
45、omething very clever. 杰克沒說一句話杰克沒說一句話, 但老師卻對(duì)著他微笑但老師卻對(duì)著他微笑, 好像他做了什么聰明事似的。好像他做了什么聰明事似的。5. 比較狀語從句。比較狀語從句。(1)as. . . as; not so/as. . . as; the same. . . as連詞表示同程度級(jí)的比較連詞表示同程度級(jí)的比較, 肯定句用肯定句用as. . . as, 否定句可用否定句可用not as. . . as或或not so. . . as。*He doesnt run so/as fast as Jack(does). 他跑得不如杰克快。他跑得不如杰克快。(2)th
46、an表示不同程度的比較表示不同程度的比較, 主句中用形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。主句中用形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。*He runs less fast than me. 他跑得不如我快。他跑得不如我快?！镜漕}印證典題印證】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空(2014浙江高考浙江高考)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born_ she could stay home and raise her family. 解題關(guān)鍵解題關(guān)鍵: 由關(guān)鍵信息由關(guān)鍵信息quit her job以及以及stay home and raise her family可知可知, stay
47、 home and raise her family是辭職的目的。是辭職的目的。答案判定答案判定: 句意句意: 當(dāng)兒子出生時(shí)凱茜就已辭去了工作當(dāng)兒子出生時(shí)凱茜就已辭去了工作, 以便她能夠待在以便她能夠待在家里撫養(yǎng)孩子。所以填家里撫養(yǎng)孩子。所以填so that。so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句, “以便以便”。 【高考集訓(xùn)高考集訓(xùn)】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1. (2013山東高考山東高考)Mark needs to learn Chinese _ his company is opening a branch in Beijing. 2. (2012重慶高考重慶高考)Coach, can I continue with the training? Sorry, you cant _ you havent recovered from the knee injury. sinceas
高考英語（全國通用）大一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)突破 連詞和狀語從句課件
