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1、Module 3 HeroesUnit 1 She trained hard, so she became a great player later.1. including prep. 包含;包括包含;包括 【點(diǎn)撥】including作介詞,后接名詞或代詞構(gòu)成介賓短語,意為“包括在內(nèi)”。如: Ten members were present at the meeting, including myself 10個人出席了會議,包括我自己。2. attend v. 上(學(xué));出席;參加(事件或活動)上(學(xué));出席;參加(事件或活動)【點(diǎn)撥】attend作動詞,意為“上(學(xué));出席;參加”。如:
2、 Only 20 people attended the meeting yesterday. 昨天只有20人參加了會議。 All children between the age of 5 and 16 must attend school. 年齡在516歲的孩子必須上學(xué)。3. give up 放棄(努力)放棄(努力) 【點(diǎn)撥】give up意為“放棄”,可直接跟名詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語,后接代詞作賓語時,要將代詞放在give和up之間。如: David has decided to give up football at the end of this year. 戴維已經(jīng)決定今年年底
3、就不再踢足球了。 give up doing sth.表示“放棄做某事”。如: Why dont you give up smoking? 你為什么不戒煙?4. as well as 不僅不僅而且而且 【點(diǎn)撥】(1)as well as表示“不僅而且”,強(qiáng)調(diào)as well as前面的內(nèi)容。如: On Sundays, the landlady provided him with dinner as well as breakfast. 每逢星期天女房東不僅為他提供早餐,還為他提供正餐。 (2)as well as還可與and進(jìn)行同義句改寫。如: I want to read newspaper
4、s and magazines. I want to read newspapers as well as magazines.5. win與與beat 【辨析】win和beat都可用作及物動詞,作“贏;戰(zhàn)勝”講時,其區(qū)別主要在于賓語的不同。 (1)充當(dāng)win的賓語的是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、金錢等名詞,即race, match, game, competition, war, prize之類的詞。如: They won the match this time. 這次,他們贏得了比賽。 He won the first prize in the surfing competition. 他在沖浪比賽
5、中獲得第一。 (2)充當(dāng)beat的賓語的則是比賽、競爭的對手,即指人或球隊的名詞或代詞。如: We played very well, and we beat them. 我們發(fā)揮很好,打敗了他們。 We beat the strongest team in the football match this time. 在這次足球賽中,我們戰(zhàn)勝了最強(qiáng)的那個隊。6. say, speak, talk與與tell 【辨析】(1)say著重說話的內(nèi)容。如: He can say his name. 他會說他的名字。 Please say it in English. 請用英語說它。 Shes sayi
6、ng, “Dont draw on the wall.” 她在說:“別在墻上畫畫?!?(2)speak強(qiáng)調(diào)說的動作,后接某種語言作賓語。常見的短語有:speak of sth./sb.,意為“談到某事(某人)”;speak to sb.,意為“跟某人講話”。此外,speak還有“演講;演說”之意。如: Can you speak Japanese? 你會說日語嗎? She is speaking to her teacher. 她正在跟她的老師說話。 He spoke at the meeting yesterday. 他昨天在會上講了話。 (3)talk意為“交談;談話”,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩人之間相
7、互說話。如: She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露西用英語交談。 What are you talking about? 你們在談?wù)撌裁矗?The teacher is talking to him. 老師正在和他談話。 (4)tell常作及物動詞,有以下幾種含義: 1)意為“告訴;講述;說”,后面常跟雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)或從句。常見短語:tell sb. sth.tell sth. to sb.,意為“告訴某人某事”。如: He told us how the accident happened. 他告訴我們那次事故是怎么發(fā)生的。 She told me
8、 that she would be back in an hour. 她告訴我她一個小時內(nèi)就會回來。 Did he tell you when to start out? 他有沒有告訴你什么時候出發(fā)? 2)意為“吩咐;命令”。如: Tell him not to come tomorrow. 叫他明天別來。 3)意為“識別;辨別”。如: I really cant tell which is which. 我實(shí)在分辨不出哪個是哪個。 1. Whatever she does, she never gives up! 無論她做什么,她都決不放棄!無論她做什么,她都決不放棄! 【點(diǎn)撥】這是由wh
9、atever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。如: Whatever we said, hed disagree. 無論我們說什么,他都不同意。 Well go along together whatever happens. 不管發(fā)生什么情況我們都要一起走。 Dont lose heart whatever difficulties you meet with. 不管遇到什么困難都不要灰心。 Whatever you do, I wont tell you my secret. 不管你做什么,我都不會把我的秘密告訴你。 Whatever happens, well meet here tonight. 不
10、管發(fā)生什么事情,我們今晚都在這兒碰頭。 Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool. 不管發(fā)生什么事,頭等重要的是保持冷靜。 【延伸】whatever還能用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,如主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。如: Whatever she did was right. (主語從句) 她做的一切都是對的。 I will do whatever you wish. (賓語從句) 我可以做任何你想要我做的事。 It is whatever he has. (表語從句) 這就是他所擁有的一切。 2. Yes, and she h
11、elped make the Beijing Olympics a victory for world sport. 是的,并且她使得北京奧運(yùn)會成為世界體育的一是的,并且她使得北京奧運(yùn)會成為世界體育的一次勝利。次勝利。 【點(diǎn)撥】句中的make the Beijing Olympics a victory是“make+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語補(bǔ)足語可以由名詞、形容詞、過去分詞和省略to的不定式來充當(dāng)。如: A good friend is someone who makes you happy. 好朋友是使你開心的人。(形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語) The manager made me work for 10 hours every day. 經(jīng)理讓我每天工作10個小時。 (省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語)