山東省菏澤市中考英語總復習 語法五 數(shù)詞和主謂一致課件

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1、菏澤語法五數(shù)詞和主謂一致考點考點1 數(shù)詞的確指和概指數(shù)詞的確指和概指(1)表示確指。表示確指。表達確切數(shù)量直接用基數(shù)詞或分數(shù)、小數(shù)等。表達確切數(shù)量直接用基數(shù)詞或分數(shù)、小數(shù)等。hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具體數(shù)詞修飾時，等前有具體數(shù)詞修飾時，不能用復數(shù)形式。不能用復數(shù)形式。(2)表示概指。表示概指。ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion等可以構(gòu)成短等可以構(gòu)成短語，表示不確切的數(shù)量。此時這些詞用復數(shù)形式，不語，表示不確切的數(shù)量。此時這些詞用復數(shù)形式，不能被具體數(shù)字修飾，后面與能被具體數(shù)字修飾，后面與of搭配。

2、搭配。數(shù)詞表示概指數(shù)詞表示概指表示概指時表示概指時ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion要用要用復數(shù)形式，其前不能有具體的數(shù)詞，考生經(jīng)常在這一復數(shù)形式，其前不能有具體的數(shù)詞，考生經(jīng)常在這一點上觸雷。點上觸雷。1(2017涼山中考涼山中考)Last week, five _ students took part in the sports meeting in our school. Ahundred BthousandsChundreds of Dthousands ofA2(2017烏魯木齊中考烏魯木齊中考) _ students went to t

3、he university to listen to the_ speech. AThousand of; 120minutesBThousands of; 120minutesCTwo thousands; 120minutesDTwo thousand; 120minuteD3(2017渝北中考渝北中考)I hear that youve got a “l(fā)ibrary” at home. Yes. Ive already had _ books. Ahundred of Bhundreds ofCfive hundreds Dfive hundred ofB4(2017武威中考武威中考)T

4、here are twelve boys and thirteen girls in Class Four, which means _ students in total. A33 B25 C13 D12B考點考點2 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的規(guī)則基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的規(guī)則(1)不規(guī)則變化。不規(guī)則變化。onefirsttwosecondthreethird(2)基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞419在詞尾加在詞尾加th。fourfourthnineteennineteenthfivefiftheighteighthnineninthtwelvetwelfth(3)整十數(shù)基數(shù)詞整十數(shù)基數(shù)詞2090變變ty為為tie再加再加th。

5、twentytwentiethninetyninetieth(4)兩位數(shù)或兩位數(shù)以上的非整十數(shù)的序數(shù)詞只將最后一兩位數(shù)或兩位數(shù)以上的非整十數(shù)的序數(shù)詞只將最后一位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，其他的幾位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞；位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，其他的幾位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞；hundred, thousand等只在詞尾加等只在詞尾加th。twentyonetwentyfirstone hundredhundredth序數(shù)詞的前面可以加上不定冠詞，表示序數(shù)詞的前面可以加上不定冠詞，表示“再一，又一再一，又一”。You may have a third try. 你可以再嘗試一次。你可以再嘗試一次。 5(2017營口中考營口中考)Ho

6、w was your day off yesterday? Great! It was my grandmas _birthday. We had a big family dinner. Athe eighty Bthe eightiethCeighteenth DeightiethD6(2017青島中考青島中考)My father gave me a bike on my _ birthday. Aten Ba tenth Cthe tenth DtenthD7(2017齊齊哈爾中考齊齊哈爾中考)Today is my cousins _ birthday. I am going to h

7、is birthday party tonight. Anineteenth Bthe nineteenthCnineteenA8(2017郴州中考郴州中考)Amy will be an elder sister. Her parents are going to have _ child. Atwo Bsecond Cthe secondC9(2017呼和浩特中考呼和浩特中考)How old is your daughter? _ . We had a special party for her _ birthday yesterday. ANine; nine BNine; ninthCN

8、inth; ninth DNinth; nineB10There are _ months in a year. December is the month of the year. Atwelve; twelve Btwelve; twelfth Ctwelfth; twelve Dtwelve; twelvethB11(2017濱州中考濱州中考)My grandparents live in an old apartment with _ floors and they are on the _ floor. Afifth; three Bfifth; third Cfive; three

9、 Dfive; thirdD12(2017哈爾濱中考哈爾濱中考)How do you keep fit? I live on _ floor. I walk upstairs instead of taking the lift every day. Atwelve Bthe twelveCthe twelfthC考點考點3 分數(shù)的表達法分數(shù)的表達法分數(shù)用基數(shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母。分數(shù)用基數(shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母。分子大于分子大于1時，作分母的序數(shù)詞用復數(shù)。時，作分母的序數(shù)詞用復數(shù)。1/3one third2/5two fifths1/2a half 1/4a quarter分數(shù)作主語時，謂

10、語動詞的單復數(shù)由分數(shù)指代的名詞分數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)由分數(shù)指代的名詞的數(shù)決定。的數(shù)決定。Two thirds of the children are from Canada. 三分之二的孩子來自加拿大。三分之二的孩子來自加拿大。13 _of the coats _ made of cotton. They feel comfortable. ATwo thirds; is BTwo thirds; areCTwo third; is DTwo third; are B14Do you mind telling us something about this area? Not at a

11、ll. _ of the land in this area _ covered with trees and grass. ATwo fifth; is BTwo fifth; areCTwo fifths; is DTwo fifths; areC15(2017安順中考安順中考)Mum, _ of the apples _ gone bad. Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. Aone third; have Bone thirds; haveCone third; has Dfirst three; hasA考點考點4 數(shù)詞的

12、應用數(shù)詞的應用(1)表示編號表示編號結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞(首字母大寫首字母大寫)基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞the序數(shù)詞名詞序數(shù)詞名詞Lesson onethe first lessonClass one, Grade two注：有些編號一般僅用第一種表達法。注：有些編號一般僅用第一種表達法。Room 101101號房間號房間(2)數(shù)詞前加數(shù)詞前加every，表示，表示“每每一次一次”every four years 每四年一次每四年一次(3)基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式表示年代和年齡基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式表示年代和年齡1)表示年代：表示年代： in the年份的復數(shù)年份的復數(shù)在幾世紀幾十年代在幾世紀幾十年代in the 18

13、70s在在19世紀世紀70年代年代2)表示年齡：表示年齡： in ones整十的復數(shù)整十的復數(shù)表示在某人幾十歲時表示在某人幾十歲時in his forties在他四十歲時在他四十歲時(4)“幾個半幾個半”的表達法的表達法基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞anda half名詞復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)基數(shù)詞名詞基數(shù)詞名詞(單數(shù)單數(shù)/復數(shù)復數(shù))anda halftwo and a half hourstwo hours and a half 兩個半小時兩個半小時(5)時刻表達法時刻表達法1)整點：整點： 基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞(oclock)seven (oclock)2)幾點幾分的讀法幾點幾分的讀法直接讀法：直接讀法： 先讀小時，后讀分鐘

14、先讀小時，后讀分鐘3：25three twentyfive間接讀法：間接讀法：a)30分鐘：分鐘分鐘：分鐘past小時小時3：25twentyfive past threeb)30分鐘：分鐘： (60分鐘分鐘)to(小時數(shù)小時數(shù)1)3：55five to fourc)15 minutesa quarter30 minuteshalf an hour6：15a quarter past six 6：30half past six6：45a quarter to seven(6)日期表達法日期表達法年月日的表達順序是年月日的表達順序是“月日年月日年”，常在日后加逗號，常在日后加逗號，表示在某年某月

15、某日用介詞表示在某年某月某日用介詞on。例如。例如on April 5, 2013。讀年份的時候先讀前兩位數(shù)，再讀后兩位數(shù)；讀年份的時候先讀前兩位數(shù)，再讀后兩位數(shù)；讀日時要加讀日時要加the。2007年年3月月21日日March the twentyfirst, two thousand and seven. 16Which room do you live in? _AThe 201 Room BRoom 201CRoom 201st DThe 201s RoomB17 _ ， CocaCola began to enter Chinas market. AIn 1970s BIn 1970

16、sCIn the 1970s DIn the 1970s18The train from Shanghai will arrive _ Ain quarter past six Bin a quarter past six Cat quarter past six Dat a quarter past sixDD19My friend was born on _ Athree of July, 1979Bthe third of July, 1979C1979, July the thirdD1979, the third of JulyB20It took me _ to get there

17、. Atwo hours and a halfBtwo hours and halfCtwo hour and a halfDtwo hour and half A21_ A boy can sing the English song very well. Atenyearold Bten years oldCtenyearolds Dfifth years old22The old professor still works hard though he is _ Ain his sixty Bin his sixtiesCin sixties Din the sixtyAB23Which

18、of the following is wrong？(_)AHe is a fifteenyearold boy. BHe is at the age of 15. CHe is a boy of 15. DHe is fifteen year old. D考點考點5 主謂一致?？嫉膸追N情況主謂一致?？嫉膸追N情況(1)either, neither, each, another, the other, one及及somebody, someone, anybody, something, anything, nothing等不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。等不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

19、Somebody is asking to see you. 有人找你。有人找你。(2)both. . . and. . . 作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。Both you and I are girls. 你和我都是女孩。你和我都是女孩。(3)the number of. . . “的數(shù)量的數(shù)量”，作主語時謂語動詞用，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；單數(shù)； a number of. . . “很多很多”，作主語時謂語動詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)。用復數(shù)。The number of our class is 40. 我們班的人數(shù)是我們班的人數(shù)是40。A number of mon

20、keys were saved. 很多猴子被救了。很多猴子被救了。(4)表示時間、距離、度量、重量、金額等的復數(shù)名詞作表示時間、距離、度量、重量、金額等的復數(shù)名詞作主語，看作整體時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；強調(diào)個體時用復數(shù)。主語，看作整體時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；強調(diào)個體時用復數(shù)。Two kilometers is a long way to go on foot. 步行兩千米是一段很長的路程。步行兩千米是一段很長的路程。Twenty years have passed since they got married. 他們結(jié)婚已有他們結(jié)婚已有20年了。年了。(5)單位量詞修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞根據(jù)單位量單

21、位量詞修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞根據(jù)單位量詞的數(shù)決定。詞的數(shù)決定。The two cups of coffee cost me 50 yuan. 這兩杯咖啡花了我這兩杯咖啡花了我50元。元。(6)主語后跟主語后跟(along/together) with, as well as等時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與主語保持一致。等時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與主語保持一致。My license with my credit cards was lost. 我的駕照和信用卡丟了。我的駕照和信用卡丟了。(7)there be句型以及句型以及either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . .

22、 , not only. . . but also. . . 作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)遵循作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)遵循就近一致原則。就近一致原則。There is a banana and some apples in my bag. 我的書包里有一根香蕉和幾個蘋果。我的書包里有一根香蕉和幾個蘋果。Not only Lily but (also) her parents enjoy skating. 不僅莉莉喜歡滑冰而且她的父母也都喜歡滑冰。不僅莉莉喜歡滑冰而且她的父母也都喜歡滑冰。(8)主語是主語是each/every單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞and (each/every)單數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。單

23、數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每個男孩和女孩都有一個座位。每個男孩和女孩都有一個座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每個男人和女人都在工作。每個男人和女人都在工作。 (9)one and a half復數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)復數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。形式。 One and a half hours is enough. 一個半小時足夠了。一個半小時足夠了。 (10)動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式

24、。 To see is to believe. 眼見為實。眼見為實。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。就近一致原則就近一致原則there be句型，句型，either/neither. . . or/nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 作主語時，謂語動詞就近一致，這是很多考生經(jīng)作主語時，謂語動詞就近一致，這是很多考生經(jīng)常觸雷的地方。常觸雷的地方。24(2017貴陽中考貴陽中考)We all know that one of the wo

25、rlds most popular sports _ football. Aam Bis Care25(2017齊齊哈爾中考齊齊哈爾中考)Listen! The little girl _ singing in the room. A/ Bare CisBC26(2017綏化中考綏化中考)John _ a soccer. Ahave Bhas Cis27(2017長沙中考長沙中考)Not only my parents but also my sister _ crazy about the TV play In the Name of People. Ais Bare Chave beenBA28(2017安順中考安順中考) _ there anything new in todays Qianzhong Morning Daily? No. But there _ some inspiring stories worth reading. AIs; is BAre; areCIs; are DAre; isC29The boy with two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. Awere sleeping Bis sleepingCwas sleepingC