2022年考博英語-西北師范大學(xué)考試題庫及模擬押密卷34（含答案解析）

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1、2022年考博英語-西北師范大學(xué)考試題庫及模擬押密卷（含答案解析） 1. 單選題 John is（ ）hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.no less B.no more C.not less D.no so 【答案】A 【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)no less“不亞于，不比……少”；B選項(xiàng)no more“不再”；C選項(xiàng)not less“至少”；D選項(xiàng)no so“沒有，不那么”。句意：約翰并不比他的姐姐少努力，但是卻沒有通過考試。本句表示約翰的努

2、力不亞于他的姐姐。因此A選項(xiàng)正確 2. 單選題 （ ）quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.Excessive B.Extensive C.Extreme D.Exclusive 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Excessive“過多的”；B選項(xiàng)Extensive“大量的”；C選項(xiàng)Extreme“極度的”；D選項(xiàng)Exclusive“獨(dú)有的”。句意

3、：隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，大量的水正在被使用。本句表示大量的水，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。 3. 單選題 There（ ）nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.to be B.to have been C.being D.be 【答案】C 【解析】考查原因狀語。句意：由于沒有什么可討論的了，會(huì)議提前半小時(shí)結(jié)束了。因前后兩部分之間沒有連接詞，所以可以確定前半句為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，there being是存在句的非限定形

4、式，在句中表示原因狀語。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。 4. 單選題 In most of the human civilization of which we have any proper records, youth has drawn on either art or life for models, planning to emulate the heroes depicted in epics on the shadow play screen or the stage, or those known human beings, fathers or grandfathers,

5、chiefs or craftsmen, whose every characteristic can be studied and imitated. As recently as 1910, this was the prevailing condition in the United States. If he came from a nonliterate background, the recent immigrant learned to speak, move, and think like an American by using his eyes and ears on th

6、e labor line and in the homes of more acculturated cousins, by watching school children, or by absorbing the standards of the teacher, the foreman, the clerk who served him in the store. For the literate and the literate children of the nouliterate, there was art—the story of the frustrated artist i

7、n the prairie town, of the second generation battling with the limitations of the first. And at a simpler level, there were the Western and Hollywood fairy tales which pointed a moral but did not, as a rule, teach table manners. With the development of the countermovement against Hollywood, with th

8、e efflorescence of photography, with Time-Life-Fortune types of reporting and the dead-pan New Yorker manner of describing the life of an old-clothes dealer in a forgotten street or of presenting the “accurate”, “checked” details of the lives of people whose eminence gave at least a sort of license

9、to attack them, with the passion for “human documents” in Depression days—a necessary substitute for proletarian art among middle class writers who knew nothing about proletarians, and middleclass readers who needed the shock of verisimilitude—a new era in American life was ushered in, the era in wh

10、ich young people imitated neither life nor art nor fairy tale, but instead were presented with models drawn from life with minimal but crucial distortions. Doctored life histories, posed carelessness, “candid” shots of people in their own homes which took hours to arrange, pictures shot from real li

11、fe to scripts written months before supplemented by national polls and surveys which assured the reader that this bobby soxer did indeed represent a national norm or a growing trend—replaced the older models. 1.This article is based on the idea that（ ）. 2.Stories of the second generation battling

12、against the limitations of the first were often responsible for（ ）. 3.The countermovement against Hollywood was a movement（ ）. 4.The author attributes the change in attitudes since 1910 to（ ）. 5.The word “distortions” at the end of the 1st sentence in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to（ ）.

13、 問題1選項(xiàng) A.people today no longer follow models B.people attach little importance to whoever they follow C.people generally pattern their lives after models D.people no longer respect heroes 問題2選項(xiàng) A.inspiring literate immigrants B.frustrating educated immigrants C.preventin

14、g the assimilation of immigrants D.instilling into immigrants an antagonistic attitude toward their forebears 問題3選項(xiàng) A.toward realism B.toward fantasy C.against the teaching of morals D.away from realism 問題4選項(xiàng) A.a logical evolution of ideas B.widespread moral decay

15、 C.the influence of the press D.a philosophy of plenty 問題5選項(xiàng) A.presentations B.misinterpretations C.influences D.limitations 【答案】第1題:C 第2題:A 第3題:A 第4題:D 第5題:B 【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一句In most of the human civilization of which we have any proper records, youth ha

16、s drawn on either art or life for models, planning to emulate the heroes depicted in epics on the shadow play screen or the stage, or those known human beings, fathers or grandfathers, chiefs or craftsmen, whose every characteristic can be studied and imitated.（在我們有記錄的大多數(shù)人類文明中，青年都以藝術(shù)或生活為范本，計(jì)劃模仿在皮影戲屏

17、幕或舞臺(tái)上演出的史詩中描繪的英雄，或那些有名的人類、父輩或祖輩、酋長或工匠，他們的每一個(gè)特征都可以研究和模仿。），說明有史以來年輕人都會(huì)將各種各樣的人作為偶像來模仿，整篇文章都是圍繞著這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)展開論述的。因此C選項(xiàng)“人們通常會(huì)模仿偶像的生活”正確。A選項(xiàng)“今天的人們不再模仿偶像”，由原文可知，現(xiàn)在這還是美國的普遍情況，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“人們對模仿的人都不重視”，D選項(xiàng)“人們不再尊重英雄”在文中沒有提及，所以B，D錯(cuò)誤。 2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句For the literate and the literate children of the nouliterat

18、e, there was art—the story of the frustrated artist in the prairie town, of the second generation battling with the limitations of the first.（對于努士人的文人和文人子女來說，有藝術(shù)的故事——在大草原城鎮(zhèn)失意的藝術(shù)家的故事，第二代人與第一代人的局限性斗爭的故事。），說第二代移民藝術(shù)家努力克服父輩缺陷的故事是用來激勵(lì)移民變得有文化。因此A選項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)有文化的移民”正確。B選項(xiàng)“使受過教育的移民感到失望”，C選項(xiàng)“防止移民的同化問題”，D選項(xiàng)“向移民灌輸對其祖先

19、的敵視態(tài)度”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。 3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句With the development of the countermovement against Hollywood, with the efflorescence of photography, with Time-Life-Fortune types of reporting and the dead-pan New Yorker manner of describing the life of an old-clothes dealer in a forgotten street

20、or of presenting the “accurate”, “checked” details of the lives of people whose eminence gave at least a sort of license to attack them, with the passion for “human documents” in Depression days—a necessary substitute for proletarian art among middle class writers who knew nothing about proletarians

21、, and middleclass readers who needed the shock of verisimilitude—a new era in American life was ushered in（隨著反好萊塢運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展，隨著攝影的興起，隨著《時(shí)代-生活-財(cái)富》式的報(bào)道，以及《紐約客》用死板的方式描述一個(gè)被遺忘的街道上的舊衣商的生活，或者說是用“準(zhǔn)確”的方式來呈現(xiàn)，“檢查”了一些人的生活細(xì)節(jié)，這些人的顯赫地位給了至少一種許可攻擊他們，隨著大蕭條時(shí)期對“人類文獻(xiàn)”的熱情——在對無產(chǎn)階級(jí)一無所知的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)作家和需要真實(shí)性沖擊的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)讀者中，這是無產(chǎn)階級(jí)藝術(shù)的必要替代物——美國生活

22、迎來了一個(gè)新的時(shí)代。），說明在反對好萊塢的運(yùn)動(dòng)中，真實(shí)的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活被呈現(xiàn)出來，開啟了美國的新時(shí)代。因此A選項(xiàng)“走向現(xiàn)實(shí)主義”正確。B選項(xiàng)“走向幻想”，C選項(xiàng)“違背道德教育”，D選項(xiàng)“脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)主義”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。 4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句With the development of the countermovement against Hollywood, with the efflorescence of photography, with Time-Life-Fortune types of reporting and the dead-p

23、an New Yorker manner of describing the life of an old-clothes dealer in a forgotten street or of presenting the “accurate”, “checked” details of the lives of people whose eminence gave at least a sort of license to attack them, with the passion for “human documents” in Depression days（隨著反好萊塢運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展，隨著

24、攝影的興起，隨著《時(shí)代-生活-財(cái)富》式的報(bào)道，以及《紐約客》用死板的方式描述一個(gè)被遺忘的街道上的舊衣商的生活，或者說是用“準(zhǔn)確”的方式來呈現(xiàn)，“檢查”了一些人的生活細(xì)節(jié)，這些人的顯赫地位給了至少一種許可攻擊他們，隨著大蕭條時(shí)期對“人類文獻(xiàn)”的熱情），說明1910年以來人們態(tài)度變化的原因是多種多樣的。因此D選項(xiàng)“豐富的理論”正確。A選項(xiàng)“思想的邏輯演變”，B選項(xiàng)“普遍的道德敗壞”，C選項(xiàng)“新聞界的影響”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。 5.語義推測題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句the era in which young people imitated neither life n

25、or art nor fairy tale, but instead were presented with models drawn from life with minimal but crucial distortions.（在這個(gè)時(shí)代，年輕人既不模仿生活，也不模仿藝術(shù)或童話，他們看到的是生活中的偶像，這些偶像就沒有受到關(guān)鍵的扭曲。），說明在反好萊塢運(yùn)動(dòng)中，年輕人不再模仿生活中、或藝術(shù)及電影中的偶像，而是看到了真正來自于生活的沒有被扭曲的偶像人物，此處“distortions”指的是偶像人物被誤解。所以B選項(xiàng)“誤解”正確。A選項(xiàng)“介紹”，C選項(xiàng)“影響”，D選項(xiàng)“限制”均不符合題意，所以A

26、，C，D錯(cuò)誤。 5. 單選題 Some parents did not appear（ ）their children to summer schools. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.to favor to send B.to favor sending C.favoring to send D.that they favor to send 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞搭配辨析。appear后面接不定式，appear to do，好像做了某事，排除C；favor后面接動(dòng)名詞，favor doing sth.，喜歡、贊成做某事，排除A，D。句

27、意：一些家長似乎不贊成把孩子送到暑期學(xué)校。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。 6. 單選題 Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she（ ）much better results now. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.would be getting B.could have got C.must get D.would get 【答案】D 【解析】考查錯(cuò)綜虛擬語氣。從句是對過去事實(shí)的虛擬，省略了if，因此為倒裝形式；主句是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，因此主句用would do結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：如果朱迪在數(shù)學(xué)考試時(shí)能更加認(rèn)

28、真的話，她現(xiàn)在就會(huì)得到一個(gè)更好的分?jǐn)?shù)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。 7. 單選題 If it（ ）too much trouble, I’d love a cup of coffee. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.hadn’t been B.isn’t C.weren’t D.may not be 【答案】B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：如果不是很麻煩，我想要來杯咖啡。本題的would是一種委婉、禮貌的語氣，表示請求，所以if從句是一個(gè)真實(shí)條件句，不是虛擬語氣，直接用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。 8. 單選題 Once a lighthouse

29、 is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively（ ）from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.isolated B.dismissed C.distracted D.excluded 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)isolated“孤立”；B選項(xiàng)dismissed“解散”；C選項(xiàng)distracted“分心”；D選項(xiàng)excluded“排除”。句意：燈塔一旦建成，任何國籍的

30、船舶都可以有效地利用它來航行。本句表示沒有船舶會(huì)被排除在外，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。 9. 單選題 We realized that he was under great（ ）, so we took no notice of his bad temper. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.excitement B.stress C.crisis D.nervousness 【答案】B 【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)excitement“興奮”；B選項(xiàng)stress“壓力”；C選項(xiàng)crisis“危機(jī)”；D選項(xiàng)nervousness“緊張”。句意：我們知道他壓力

31、很大，所以我們沒在意他的壞脾氣。A，C，D都不能與under搭配，只有under great stress為固定搭配，表示“在巨大的壓力下”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。 10. 單選題 Many women still feel that they are being（ ）by a male culture, particularly in the professional services sector. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.held back B.held forth C.held on D.held out 【答案】A 【解析】考查詞組辨析

32、。A選項(xiàng)held back“阻礙”；B選項(xiàng)held forth“提供”；C選項(xiàng)held on“堅(jiān)持”；D選項(xiàng)held out“伸出”。句意：許多女性仍然感到男性文化阻礙了她們的發(fā)展，尤其是在專業(yè)服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。本句表示男性文化阻礙了女性的發(fā)展，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。 11. 翻譯題 我國先秦思想家就提出了“親仁善鄰，國之寶也”的思想，反映了自古以來中國人民就希望天下太平、同各國人民友好相處。今天，專心致志進(jìn)行現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的中國人民，更需要有一個(gè)長期的和平國際環(huán)境和良好的周邊環(huán)境。我國的對外政策，是以和平為宗旨的。我們堅(jiān)持在和平共處五項(xiàng)原則，特別是在相互尊重、平等互利、互不干涉內(nèi)政的原則基礎(chǔ)上

33、，同世界各國建立和發(fā)展友好合作關(guān)系。我們絕不會(huì)把自己曾經(jīng)遭受欺凌的苦難加之于人。中國的發(fā)展與進(jìn)步，不會(huì)對任何人構(gòu)成威脅。將來中國富強(qiáng)起來了，也永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸。中國始終是維護(hù)世界和平與地區(qū)穩(wěn)定的堅(jiān)定力量。? 【答案】As early as in the pre-Qin Dynasty, Chinese thinkers put forward the idea of “benevolence and good neighborliness are the treasures of a country”, which reflects the Chinese people’s des

34、ire for world peace and friendly relations with people of all countries since ancient times. Today, the Chinese people, dedicated to modernization, need more than ever a long-term peaceful international environment and a good surrounding environment. China’s foreign policy is based on peace. We are

35、committed to establishing and developing friendly relations and cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, especially the principles of mutual respect, equality, mutual benefit and mutual non-involvement in each other’s internal affairs. We will nev

36、er inflict on others the hardships we have suffered from bullying. China’s development and progress will pose no threat to anyone. In the future, when China becomes rich and strong, it will never claim hegemony either. China will always be a staunch force for world peace and regional stability.

37、 12. 單選題 In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid（ ）. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.from being beaten B.being beaten C.beating D.to be beaten 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞搭配辨析。句意：在國際比賽中，聲望是如此重要，唯一重要的就是避免被擊敗。avoid后面接動(dòng)名詞，avoid doing，避免做某事，排除A，D；被擊敗應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，beat

38、ing是動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式，排除C。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。 13. 單選題 Which is safer-staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the

39、former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home. The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those li

40、ving nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984). Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss

41、 of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just

42、a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate (硝酸銨), which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball w

43、as the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effecti

44、ve action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction of exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.

45、 1. Which of the following statements is true? 2.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because（ ）. 3.According to passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at（ ）. 4.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of（

46、）. 5.From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that（ ）. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home. B.Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. D.Workin

47、g in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. 問題2選項(xiàng) A.they are very rare B.they often cause loss of life C.they always occur in big cities D.they arouse the interest of all the readers 問題3選項(xiàng) A.Texas city B.Flixborough C.Seveso D.Mexico City 問

48、題4選項(xiàng) A.natural gas, which can easily catch fire B.fertilizer, which can’t be stored in a great quantity C.poisonous substance, which can’t be used in overcrowded areas D.fuel, which is stored in large tanks 問題5選項(xiàng) A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in c

49、hemical industry B.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry C.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken D.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe 【答案】第1題:D 第2題:B 第3題:B

50、 第4題:B 第5題:C 【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“chemical industry”可以定位到文章第一段第三、四句However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter!（然而，坐飛機(jī)和在化工行業(yè)工作相比怎么樣呢？不幸的是，前者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是后者的65倍！），說明在化工行業(yè)工作比坐飛機(jī)更安全。因此D選項(xiàng)“在化工行業(yè)工作比坐飛機(jī)更安全?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“在辦公室工作比待在

51、家里更安全”，B選項(xiàng)“乘公共交通工具去上班比在辦公室工作更安全”，由原文可知待在家里、乘坐公共交通工具上班和在辦公室工作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是相同的，沒有誰比誰更安全，所以A，B錯(cuò)誤。由第一段最后一句the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home（化工行業(yè)工人的事故率比幾乎任何人類活動(dòng)都要低，幾乎和待在家里一樣安全），說明化工行業(yè)和待在家里一樣安全，所以C選項(xiàng)“待在家里比在

52、化工行業(yè)工作更安全”錯(cuò)誤。 2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“reported as news”可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy.（化工行業(yè)的問題是，一旦出現(xiàn)問題，往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致附近居民死亡。這也使得化學(xué)事故具有新聞價(jià)值。），說明新聞報(bào)道化學(xué)事故是因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)導(dǎo)致人員死

53、亡。因此B選項(xiàng)“它們經(jīng)常造成生命損失”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們非常罕見”，C選項(xiàng)“它們總是發(fā)生在大城市”，D選項(xiàng)“它們引起了所有讀者的興趣”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。 3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“fault of management”可以定位到文章第四段第三句The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs.（弗利克斯伯勒的火災(zāi)是管理層的失誤造成的，因?yàn)樗麄兠爸L(fēng)險(xiǎn)在重要維修期間繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。），

54、說明由管理失誤造成的化學(xué)事故發(fā)生在弗利克斯伯勒。因此B選項(xiàng)“弗利克斯伯勒”正確。A選項(xiàng)“得克薩斯城”，C選項(xiàng)“塞維索”和D選項(xiàng)“墨西哥城”的事故不是因?yàn)楣芾硎д`，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。 4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“ammonium nitrate”可以定位到文章第四段第二句Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate, which is safe unless stored in great quantity.（因此，得克薩斯城的爆炸是由數(shù)噸硝酸銨引起的，大量儲(chǔ)存硝酸銨是不安全的。），說明硝酸銨不能大

55、量儲(chǔ)存，另外文章第三段第四句The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552.（得克薩斯城的肥料爆炸造成552人死亡。）說明造成得克薩斯城爆炸事故的硝酸銨是一種肥料。因此B選項(xiàng)“不能大量儲(chǔ)存的化學(xué)肥料”正確。A選項(xiàng)“天然氣，很容易著火”是墨西哥城火災(zāi)事故的原因，C選項(xiàng)“有毒物質(zhì)，不能在人滿為患地區(qū)使用”，由文章可知塞維索的事故是毒氣造成的，D選項(xiàng)“燃料，它被儲(chǔ)存在大的油箱里”在文中沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。 5.推理判斷題。由A選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“repair”可以定位到文章第四段第三句The Flixborough fireball was t

56、he fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs.（弗利克斯伯勒的火災(zāi)是管理層的失誤造成的，因?yàn)樗麄兠爸L(fēng)險(xiǎn)在重要維修期間繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。），說明維修設(shè)備很重要，不能冒著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在維修設(shè)備時(shí)繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。因此A選項(xiàng)“為了避免事故，我們不應(yīng)該維修化工設(shè)施”錯(cuò)誤。由B選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)ocal authorities”可以定位到文章第四段第四、五句The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack k

57、nowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action.（塞維索事故表明，如果地方當(dāng)局對其家門口的危險(xiǎn)缺乏了解，將會(huì)發(fā)生什么。當(dāng)毒氣飄過城鎮(zhèn)上空時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)仡I(lǐng)導(dǎo)無法采取有效行動(dòng)。），說明地方當(dāng)局需要了解當(dāng)?shù)鼗どa(chǎn)的情況。因此B選項(xiàng)“地方當(dāng)局不應(yīng)關(guān)心化學(xué)工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)”錯(cuò)誤。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“tanks”可以定位到第四段倒數(shù)第三句The fire set off a chai

58、n reaction of exploding storage tanks.（大火引起儲(chǔ)存罐爆炸的連鎖反應(yīng)。），說明儲(chǔ)存罐里的天然氣也會(huì)發(fā)生氣體爆炸的事故。因此D選項(xiàng)“儲(chǔ)存在大型儲(chǔ)罐中的天然氣總是安全的”錯(cuò)誤。第四段列舉了各種原因引發(fā)的事故，同時(shí)也相對應(yīng)采取的措施，因此C選項(xiàng)“如果采取有效措施，所有這些事故都是可以避免或控制的”正確。 14. 單選題 Nine is to three（ ）three is to one. 問題1選項(xiàng) A.when B.that C.which D.what 【答案】D 【解析】考查方式狀語從句。A

59、is to B what C is to D是固定句式，意思是“A對于B來說就等于C對于D一樣”，what在句中引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“好比，正如”。句意：九比三等于三比一。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。 15. 單選題 Just over a decade into the 21st century, women’s progress can be celebrated across a range of fields. They hold the highest political offices from Thailand to Brazil, Costa Rica to Austra

60、lia. A woman holds the top spot at the International Monetary Fund; another won the Nobel Prize in economics. Self-made billionaires in Beijing, tech innovators in Silicon Valley, pioneering justices in Ghana-in these and countless other areas, women are leaving their mark. But hold the applause. I

61、n Saudi Arabia, women aren’t allowed to drive. In Pakistan, 1000 women die in honor killings every year. In the developed world, women lag behind men in pay and political power. The poverty rate among women in the U.S. rose to 14.5% last year. To measure the state of women’s progress. Newsweek rank

62、ed 165 countries, looking at five areas that affect women’s lives: treatment under the law, workforce participation, political power, and access to education and health care. Analyzing data from the United Nations and the World Economic Forum, among others, and consulting with experts and academics,

63、 we measured 28 factors to come up with our rankings. Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender discrimination is against the law, and equal rights are constitutionally enshrined (神圣化). But there were some surprises. Some otherwise high-ranking countries had r

64、elatively low scores for political representation. Canada ranked third overall but 26th in power, behind countries such as Cuba and Burundi. Does this suggest that a woman in a nation’s top office translates to better lives for women in general? Not exactly. “Trying to quantify or measure the impact

65、 of women in politics is hard because in very few countries have there been enough women in politics to make a difference,” says Anne-Marie Goetz, peace and security adviser for U.N. Women. Of course, no index can account for everything. Declaring that one country is better than another in the way

66、that it treats more than half its citizens means relying on broad strokes and generalities. Some things simply can’t be measured. And cross-cultural comparisons can’t account for differences of opinion. Certain conclusions are nonetheless clear. For one thing, our index backs up a simple but profound statement made by Hillary Clinton at the recent Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. “When we liberate the economic potential of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nati