Unit 2《Witnessing time》-Grammar教案1（牛津譯林版選修9）

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111 Unit 2 Witnessing time 課 題 M9U2 課時(shí) 9-7 Grammar 主備人 授 課 時(shí) 間 200809 教 學(xué) 目 標(biāo) 1.Learn the usages of the present and past participles 2. Do some exercises about this usage 教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn) 1.grasp the usages of the present and past participles 2. How to do some exercises about this usage 教、 學(xué) 具 Slides, Multi-media 教學(xué)手段 Workbook 教 師 活 動(dòng) 內(nèi) 容、方 式 學(xué)生活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、方式 旁 注 Step1: Lead-in Compare and identify their functions of these participles (1).The boy sitting under that tree is my brother.(as an adjective) (2).The boy followed by a dog is my brother. (as an adjective) (3).Hearing the news, they got excited. (as an adverb) Step 2: Analysis Read the guidelines and Part 1 on page 24 and encourage the Ss to tell the functions of participle clauses in the following sentences. (1).The building completed last month is a bank (an attributive) (2).The bird flu sweeping through Asia has jumped from birds to humans recently. (an attributive) (3)Thecup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces .(an adverbial) (4).I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. (a complement) (5)The peasants had the tractor working day and night at harvest time. (a complement) Step3 Practise Do the exercise on page 25, using a participle clause to rewrite the sentences. Then finish Parts C1 and C2 on P 112 in workbook. For reference:現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞主要差別在于：現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行 ”，過去分詞表示“被動(dòng)和完成”(不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不表示被 動(dòng)，只表示完成)。分詞可以有自己的狀語、賓語或邏輯主語等。 1) 分詞作狀語分詞在句子中作狀語，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原 因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞做狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語與句子 的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。 e.g:Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 分詞在句子中作狀語，使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主語 的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動(dòng)賓或被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過去分詞。. No matter how frequently __, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. (CET-4 19) A. performing?? ?B. performed?? C. to be performed?? ?D. being performed 2)“while ( when, once, until, if , though等連詞)＋分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分 詞或過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while，when, once , although, until, if等連詞。 e.g:When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. 3)分詞作定語時(shí)，單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞 短語一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面。現(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動(dòng) 作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系),過去分詞修飾承受該動(dòng)作的名詞 (即與名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)。e.g:.As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town ___50 households or more. (CET-4 1998,1) 　A) having?? B) to have??? C) to have had?? ?D) having had 4)分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語現(xiàn)在分詞在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官動(dòng)詞和look at, listen to等短語動(dòng) 詞以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役動(dòng)詞后與 名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，作賓語補(bǔ)語的成分。e.g:On the top of the hill, we could see smoke rising from the chimneys in the village. 過去分詞可以在allow, ask, consider, desire, expect, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, like, make, observe, order, permit, prefer,, remember, request, require, see, urge動(dòng)詞等后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 e.g:After my encounter with her, I found myself greatly shaken. 在動(dòng)詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice，perceive，observe, listen to, look at后既可用現(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)語,也可用不定式做補(bǔ)語。用現(xiàn)在 分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,用不定式表示的動(dòng)作的全過程已經(jīng)完成. e.g:I saw Mr. White looking into a shop window. 5)分詞作表語 分詞作表語通?？醋餍稳菰~來用?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示 主語的性質(zhì)，而且主語多為物；過去分詞表示主語的感受或狀態(tài)，主語多為人。e.g:The film “Pearl Harbor” is really exciting. Step 4 Consolidation:　 1.?—Hi,?Mary.?Would?you?like?to?go?to?the?concert?this?evening?? Sorry,?Tom.__?tomorrow’s?lessons,?I?have?no?time?to?go?out?with?you.? A.?Not?preparing? B.?Not?having?prepared? C.?Not?to?prepare D.?Being?not?prepared 2.The?building?__?will?be?completed?in?a?month.?It?will?be?our?lab.? A.?to?paint? B.?being?painted? C.?to?have?painted? D.?painting? 3.?With?his?son_____，the?old?man?felt?unhappy. A. to be?disappointed? B.?disappointing? C.?being?disappointed D.?to?disappoint 4.?—The?English?exam?is?not?difficult,?is?it?? —_____.?Even?Tom?_____?to?the?top?students?failed?in?it. A. Yes;?belongs B.?No;?belonged? C.?Yes;?belonging? D. No;?belonging? 5. We all know that, ______, the situation will get worse. （07全國I） A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with Ss answer the questions SS finish off the exercise as practice A participle clause can be used as an attributive, an adverbial or a complement 111