2019高考英語一輪選練編題 Unit 1 Friendship（含解析）新人教版必修1

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1、 必修1Unit 1 李仕才 考點規(guī)范練(必修1　Unit 1) 【短文語法填空】 One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about __1__ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__(disappoint)．When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a plac

2、e next __4__ the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused __6__(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept __7__(ride)．He wa

3、s carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear！It ’s __9__ (I )”．She

4、 pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers __10__(sudden) became friendly to one another. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者主要敘述了有一次乘車的時候，很多乘客都非常焦慮、失望地等待。當(dāng)汽車來了并且前行的時候，一個騎車的男孩兒在后面追著汽車，并且大聲地叫嚷，但是司機沒有停車。直到到了下一

5、站，男孩兒終于追上來，和司機交談之后，人們才知道剛才有人丟失了手提箱，他是來給送箱子的。人們都被這個孩子的行為感動了。 1．being　[因about為介詞，其后加名詞或動名詞，故填being。] 2．a(chǎn)nd　[根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知空前和空后為順承關(guān)系，故填and。] 3．disappointed　[由前文可知人們感到失望，需用－ed結(jié)尾的形容詞disappointed。] 4．to　[next to為固定短語“靠近，鄰近”。] 5．caught　[文章講述的是過去的事，故用過去式。] 6．to stop　[refuse to do sth為固定短語“拒絕做某事”。] 7．ridin

6、g　[keep doing sth為固定短語“一直做某事”。] 8．Did　[詢問過去發(fā)生的事情用過去時。] 9．me/mine　[此處缺少表語。強調(diào)“我的包或者是我丟了包”。] 10．suddenly　[此處缺少副詞，故用suddenly。] Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A(2016·沈陽第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測) When going through major life changes,like changing careers,I would change the people with whom I spent the most time.We’ve all gone through perio

7、ds when the people in our lives have changed—graduation,moving to a new city,getting a new job,joining a new club,etc.I don’t think I need to convince you just how much influence other people can have over your identity.If you’ve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment,then you kn

8、ow that you change as well. Most people don’t make these choices consciously(有意識地) though.You might consciously decide to spend more time with a certain friend,or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship.But few people choose their existing friendships deliberately. There’s no

9、“getting rid of people”.People are always dropping into and out of each other’s lives.Associations grow into friendships,and friendships fade into associations.You don’t get rid of anyone.The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences,you may need to loosen up some of you

10、r existing connections.? What about loyalty(忠誠)?Shouldn’t you always be loyal to your friends?Once you have a close friend,even if his influence on you is slightly harmful,shouldn’t you stick by him? Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go.It means being loyal to his highest and best

11、self as well.If someone is destroying his health by smoking,for example,you aren’t showing loyalty by smoking right along with him.True loyalty sometimes requires that you break damaging connections,get yourself back on solid ground,and then decide what you can really do to help your friend. It can

12、 take a lot of courage to tell someone,“I’m sorry,but I can’t have you in my life anymore.”But even though this might seem like a selfish act at times,it’s often the best thing for the other person too.If a relationship is holding you back in some way,understand that it’s also hurting the other pers

13、on.For example,if you work for a violent boss,your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval,encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently. 1.When experiencing major life changes,people may 　　　.? A.join a new social community B.influence their friends around C.choo

14、se their friendships purposely D.have their people environment changed 2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Everyone has at least one friend. B.It is unnecessary to make new friends. C.Friendship still exists though there are fewer connections. D.You ought to treat your o

15、ld and new friends equally. 3.What is the author’s opinion on the loyalty to friends? A.Never betray your close friends whatever happens. B.Correct their mistakes while you guard their goodness. C.Stick by your friends even though they do harm to you. D.Break up with your friends immediately if

16、 they smoke. 4.How should we behave when employed by a violent boss? A.We should accept what we are told to do. B.We should stay silent and be in favor of him. C.We should bravely disobey him if he is wrong. D.We should give our boss courage to continue. B Old Fossils Scientists have found

17、what they think is probably the oldest fossil on Earth, a remnant of life from 3.7 billion years ago when Earth’s skies were orange and its oceans green. In a newly melted part of Greenland, Australian scientists found the leftover structure from a community of microbes（微生物）that lived on an ancien

18、t seafloor. Based on their analysis of the fossils, the researchers determined that they are 220 million years older than those discovered in Western Australia, which were 3.48 billion years old. The discovery shows life may have formed quicker and more easily than once thought, about half a billi

19、on years after Earth formed. And that may also give hope for life forming elsewhere, such as Mars, said study co-author Martin VanKranendonk of the University of New South Wales and director of the Australian Center for Astrobiology. ＂It gives us an idea how our planet evolved and how life gained a

20、foothold,＂ VanKranendonk said. Scientists had thought it would take at least half a billion years for life to form after the molten Earth started to cool a bit, but this shows it could have happened quicker, he said. That’s because the newly found fossil is far too complex to have developed soon a

21、fter the planet’s first life forms, he said. In an outcrop of rocks that used to be covered with ice and snow which melted after an exceptionally warm spring, the Australian team found stromatolites（疊層石）, which are layered structures that are often produced by a community of microbes. The stromato

22、lites were about 1 to 4 centimeters high. ＂It is like the house left behind made by the microbes,＂ VanKranendonk said. ＂Scientists used the layers of ash from volcanoes and tiny zircon（鋯石） with uranium and estimated that they date back to 3.7 billion years ago.＂ The dating seems about right, sai

23、d Abigail Allwood, a NASA astrobiologist who found the previous oldest fossil, from 3.48 billion years ago, in Australia. But Allwood said she is not completely convinced that what VanKranendonk’s team found once was alive. She said the evidence wasn’t conclusive enough that it was life and not a ge

24、ologic quirk（地質(zhì)巧合）. ＂It would be nice to have more evidence, but in these rocks that’s a lot to ask,＂ Allwood said in an email. 1. The underlined words ＂gained a foothold＂ in Paragraph 3 mean______. A.continued B.changed C.increased D.Started 2. We can learn from Paragraph 4______.

25、A.the fossil appeared soon after the birth of the earth B.the fossil formed soon after the earth’s first life C.life formed earlier than the newly found fossil D.life appeared about half a billion years ago 3. What is Abigail Allwood’s attitude towards the newly found fossil? A.Neutral.

26、B.Sceptical. C.Objective. D.Supportive. 4. According to the passage, ______. A.the previous fossils are a geologic quirk B. the previous fossils are made up of stromatolites C. the newly found fossils come from Western Australia D. the newly found fossils have a history of 3.7 billi

27、on years 【語篇解析】文章介紹科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)距今37億年前的化石。 1. D【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子＂It gives us an idea how our planet evolved＂這讓我們了解 星球是怎么形成的，下文是生命是怎么開始的?？芍ained a foothold＂ 意為＂開始＂。故選D。 3. B【解析】 觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子＂She said the evidence wasn’t conclusive enough that it was life and not a geologic quirk(地質(zhì)巧合).＂可知，

28、Abigail Allwood 對于新發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石態(tài)度是懷疑的。故選B。 4. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子＂remnant of life from 3.7 billion years ago＂和第二段的句 子＂the researchers determined that they are 220 million years older than those discovered in Western Australia, which were 3.48 billion years old.＂可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石有37億年歷史。故選D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2017·山

29、東濰坊1月期末檢測) I met my best friend Jayce when we were 11 years old.I was adopted and 　1　 by my grandparents and was new to the city.We immediately knew we were best 　2　 in 6th grade and we spent every single 　3　 together:playing dress up,going to school dances,doing gymnastics,the normal things 　4　 yo

30、u are that age.When I was 16 years old,my family was put in a 　5　 situation.My grandfather got into the habit of 　6　 drugs,we lost everything;we lost our house,our car,everything.My grandmother 　7　 me to be able to make the choice of where I would 　8　 to live.She told me “Krisi,I love you,now you ca

31、n come with me or you can 　9　 in an orphanage.”? 　10　 I knew it,Jayce invited me to live with her and her family.I was able to finish high school and continue my 　11　 at our local university.It was a dream that 　12　 and the kindest thing I have 　13　 experienced.Not only did I get to spend every day

32、 with my best friend but I got to know what family truely 　14　.? I have never met more loving and 　15　 people.I was like one of their own.I felt a sense of 　16　.What her mother and father did has 　17　 me to this day.They taught me about life,what to do and what not to do,very special 　18　 that I al

33、ways treasure.They saved my life!I am 　19　 every single day for her and her family!? I am truly 　20　 with the company of a friend like Jayce in my life.? 1.A.calmed down　 　　B.cheered up C.watched over D.brought up 2.A.students B.friends C.neighbours D.actresses 3.A.coin　 　B.class　　C.moment　D.

34、vacation 4.A.when B.as if C.in case D.since 5.A.peaceful B.angry C.bad D.pleasant 6.A.using B.needing C.selling D.studying 7.A.forced B.forbade C.wanted D.frightened 8.A.refuse B.continue C.happen D.wait 9.A.stay B.work C.volunteer D.play 10.A.Unitl B.As C.After D.Before 11.A.task B.educa

35、tion C.career D.hobby 12.A.turned up B.made a difference C.came true D.came into being 13.A.ever B.then C.never D.even 14.A.includes B.presents C.lacks D.means 15.A.challenging B.accepting C.demanding D.daring 16.A.direction B.shame C.belonging D.dignity 17.A.affected B.praised C.changed D.

36、blamed 18.A.lectures B.lessons C.opinions D.concepts 19.A.moved B.stubborn C.excited D.grateful 20.A.concerned B.burdened C.connected D.blessed Ⅲ. 短文改錯 (2017·合肥第一次質(zhì)檢) I still remember the first day I come to this new school.Everything was new to me,what made me realize I was no longer a sm

37、all child.I had to depend on me.Luckily,I made several good friend.Their interests were similar with mine.I had great English teacher,Maggie.She let me know the important of English.So I decided to learn English hardly.Although it was very difficult at first,but with the help of my teacher,I made ra

38、pidly progress.Just as the old saying goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.” 考點規(guī)范練(必修1　Unit 1) 【短文語法填空】 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了人的一生會經(jīng)歷很多的改變,進而告訴我們:如何適應(yīng)改變以及怎樣做才是對朋友真正的忠誠。 1.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“When going through major life changes...I would change the people with whom I spen

39、t the most time...you’ve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment...”可知,當(dāng)經(jīng)歷人生重大改變時,人們也會經(jīng)歷人際環(huán)境的改變。即D項正確。 2.C　句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句后的“People are always dropping into and out of each other’s lives.Associations grow into friendships,and friendships fade into associations.You don’t get rid of an

40、yone...you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.”可知,盡管人們之間的聯(lián)系少了,但友誼依然存在。故選C項。 3.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的第二句和最后一句可知,作者對朋友忠誠的態(tài)度是糾正錯誤但要捍衛(wèi)他們的優(yōu)點,即B項正確。 4.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval,encouraging your boss to continue to behave vi

41、olently.”可知,如果老板錯了,員工就要勇敢地不去服從,即C項正確。 B Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。作者被祖父母收養(yǎng),在11歲的時候遇到了自己最好的朋友杰絲,后來因為家庭變故,祖父染上了毒品,作者與杰絲一家生活在了一起。杰絲一家很有愛,她的爸爸媽媽也對作者產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,教會了作者什么該做、什么不該做,使作者受益終生。 1.D　根據(jù)上下文可知,“我”被祖父母收養(yǎng)并養(yǎng)育長大。calm down“使平靜,鎮(zhèn)靜”;cheer up“使振作起來”;watch over“看守,看管”;bring up“養(yǎng)育”,故選D項。 2.B　根據(jù)文章第一句可知,杰絲是我的好朋友。因此

42、,此處表示“在六年級的時候,我們很快就認(rèn)識了,并且成為了最好的朋友(friends)”。 3.C　根據(jù)下文可知,我們一起玩化妝游戲,一起去學(xué)校跳舞、做體操等等,這些都是我們單獨在一起度過的時刻(moment),故選C項。 4.A　根據(jù)下文的you are that age可知,此處是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。而as if“似乎,好像”,in case“萬一”,since“自從”用在此處均不符合句意。故選A項。 5.C　根據(jù)下文可知,祖父吸毒使“我”的家庭遭遇不好的變故,陷入困難的(bad)境地,故選C項。 6.A　根據(jù)下文我們傾家蕩產(chǎn)可知,祖父是吸(using)毒,而不是販賣或?qū)W習(xí)毒

43、品,故選A項。 7.C　“我”的祖母讓(wanted)“我”做出決定,并沒有任何強迫或禁止的意思,故force“強迫”,forbid“禁止”,frighten“使驚恐”,均不符合句意,故選C項。 8.B　祖父吸毒,家庭破裂,此處表示祖母讓“我”選擇繼續(xù)(continue)生活的地方。故選B項。 9.A　根據(jù)上下文可知,祖母讓“我”選擇與她生活在一起,或者是待在(stay)孤兒院。work“工作”,volunteer“自愿”,paly“玩”均不符合句意,故選A項。 10.D　根據(jù)下文可知,杰絲想邀請“我”和她的家庭生活在一起,是發(fā)生在“我”遭遇家庭變故之前(Before)。故選D項。

44、11.B　根據(jù)語境可知,“我”讀完高中,然后繼續(xù)接受教育(education),在本地讀大學(xué)。task“工作,任務(wù)”,career“職業(yè)”,hobby“愛好”均不符合句意,故選B項。 12.C　根據(jù)語境可知,讀完高中繼續(xù)讀大學(xué),這些都曾是作者的夢想,而且都已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了(came true),是作者曾經(jīng)(ever)所經(jīng)歷的最美好的事情。turn up“出現(xiàn)”,make a difference“有影響”,come into being“產(chǎn)生”均不符合句意,故選C項。 13.A　參見上題解析。 14.D　“我”不僅能與好朋友生活在一起,而且還能體會到家庭的真正含義。mean“意思”符合句意,而

45、include“包括”,present“提出”,lack“缺乏”均不符合句意,故選D項。 15.B　根據(jù)下文作者“就像他們自己的孩子一樣”可知,杰絲的家庭是充滿愛意的,是接受(accepting)“我”的。故選B項。 16.C　根據(jù)上下文可知,“我”找到了一種家庭歸屬(belonging)感。direction“方向”,shame“羞愧”,dignity“尊嚴(yán)”均不符合語境,故選C項。 17.A　根據(jù)上下文語境可知,杰絲的爸爸媽媽接受了“我”,并教會了“我”如何生活,直到今天,他們所做的一切都對“我”有很大的影響(affected)。而praise“贊揚”,change“改變”,blam

46、e“責(zé)備”均不符合語境,故選A項。 18.B　杰絲的爸爸媽媽教會“我”如何生活,教會“我”什么該做,什么不該做等等,這些對“我”來說都是一些特殊的功課(lessons),是“我”一生所珍視的東西。而lecture“講座”,opinion“觀點”,concept“概念”均不符合句意,故選B項。 19.D　根據(jù)語境可知,他們拯救了“我”的生活!“我”非常感激(grateful)杰絲和她的家人。故選D項。 20.D　be blessed with“在……方面有福氣,有幸得到”,be concerned with“與……有關(guān)”,be burdened with“擔(dān)負(fù)”,be connected

47、with“與……相連”。根據(jù)句意可知,有一個像杰絲這樣的朋友的陪伴是“我”的福氣,故選D項。 Ⅲ.短文改錯 　I still remember the first day I to this new school.Everything was new to me,made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on .Luckily,I made several good .Their interests were similar mine.I had great English teacher,Maggie.She let me know the of English.So I decided to learn English .Although it was very difficult at first, but with the help of my teacher,I made progress.Just as the old saying goes.“Where there is a will,there is a way.” 10