數(shù)控車床CA6140自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)【機(jī)械+電氣】

數(shù)控車床CA6140自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)【機(jī)械+電氣】,機(jī)械+電氣,數(shù)控車床,ca6140,自動(dòng),回轉(zhuǎn),刀架,機(jī)電,電機(jī),系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì),機(jī)械,電氣 摘 要 自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架是數(shù)控機(jī)床的重要組成部分，它有效地提高了勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率，縮短了生產(chǎn)準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間，消除人工誤差提高加工精度和加工精度的一致性等。但是傳統(tǒng)的普通車床換刀的速度慢、精度不高，生產(chǎn)效率低，不能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)的需要。所以為了提高生產(chǎn)率、改善產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量以及改善勞動(dòng)條件必須對自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。 本文對數(shù)控車床自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架的機(jī)電系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析，研究數(shù)控車床刀架的組成和工作原理，對普通機(jī)床的換刀裝置進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，使該裝置具有自動(dòng)松開、轉(zhuǎn)位、精密定位等功能。此次主要完成自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架的機(jī)械部分和電氣部分的設(shè)計(jì)。機(jī)械部分為對其組成的各個(gè)機(jī)械部件進(jìn)行計(jì)算與選用，電氣部分為編制刀架自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)位控制軟件。設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)控?fù)Q刀裝置功能更強(qiáng)，換刀裝置通過刀具快速自動(dòng)定位，可以提高數(shù)控車床的效率，縮短加工時(shí)間；同時(shí)其可靠性更穩(wěn)定，結(jié)抅簡單。 關(guān)鍵詞: 自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架，換刀裝置，機(jī)電系統(tǒng)，電氣控制 Design of automatic turret mechanical and electrical system of CNC lathes Abstract The automatic turret is an important part of CNC lathe. It improved labor productivity and shorten the production time, eliminate human error, the improvement of the machining accuracy and consistency of precision. Though conventional ordinary lathe tool change slowly, low accuracy, low productivity. It cannot adapt to the needs of modern production. Therefore, we must be improved the automatic turret in order to increase productivity, improve product quality and improve working. This rotary tool holder for CNC lathe electrical and mechanical systems related content study, study the composition and working principle of CNC lathes turret and improve the tool changerthe of general machine tools, so that the device has an automatic release, transfer, precision positioning and other functions. This time we should completion of the design of automatic turret’s the mechanical parts and electrical parts. Mechanical part is composed of various mechanical calculation and selection of parts, electrical parts is preparation of the turret automatically transfer of the control software, automatic indexing turret. Design of more powerful CNC tool changer, tool changer quickly through the automatic positioning tool can improve the efficiency of CNC lathes and shorten the processing time; while its reliability is more stable, the structure is simpler. Keywords: Automatic turret Tool changer Electro-Mechanical Systems Electrical control 目 錄 1緒 論 1 1.1自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架的設(shè)計(jì)背景 1 1.2自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架的市場分析 2 1.3設(shè)計(jì)自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架的意義 2 2自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架總體設(shè)計(jì) 3 2.1總體方案的確定 3 2.2減速機(jī)傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的確定 4 2.3刀體鎖緊與精定位機(jī)構(gòu)的確定 5 2.4抬起機(jī)構(gòu)的確定 5 3自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架機(jī)械部分設(shè)計(jì) 6 3.1自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架的工作原理 6 3.2蝸輪及蝸桿的設(shè)計(jì)及校核 8 3.2.1蝸桿的選型 9 3.2.2蝸桿副的材料 10 3.2.3按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì) 10 3.3蝸輪及蝸桿的主要參數(shù)與幾何尺寸 12 3.4螺桿的主要參數(shù)與幾何尺寸 14 3.4.1螺桿的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 14 3.5蝸桿軸的設(shè)計(jì) 15 3.5.1蝸桿軸的材料選擇，確定許用應(yīng)力 15 3.5.2按扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)度初步估算軸的最小直徑 15 3.5.3確定各軸段的直徑和長度 16 3.5.4蝸桿軸的校核 17 3.6蝸桿軸的軸承選用 21 4自動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架電氣部分設(shè)計(jì) 22 4.1硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 22 4.2控制軟件設(shè)計(jì) 25 4.2.180C31單片機(jī)及其引腳說明 26 4.2.2 靜態(tài)存儲(chǔ)器6264的特性 28 4.2.3 2764只讀存儲(chǔ)器的特性 28 4.2.4 可編程并行I/O接口芯片8255的特性 29 5結(jié) 論 33 6致 謝 34 7 參考文獻(xiàn) 35 附錄：轉(zhuǎn)配圖A0圖紙一張、零件圖A1、A2各五張（上刀體圖、下刀體圖上圓盤圖、下圓盤圖 、刀架電氣圖、蝸輪、蝸桿圖、螺桿圖、空心軸圖、發(fā)信盤圖）