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1、 五、讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)類(lèi)—— 議論文 典例 請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。 When we read newspapers，we often come across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK”. When we watch TV，we frequently hear words like “NBA” or “PM2.5”. When we speak，we automatically use words like “OUT” or “Bye-bye”. English words and expression

2、s like these are getting popular.They have already become part of our daily language.And 239 English words have been included in the latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese. The inclusion has started a heated discussion.A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the inclusion of these

3、English words，which，they think，goes against Chinese language policies.They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language.However，others are in favor of the inclusion because it is

4、hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language.They believe the selection is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1.用約30個(gè)單詞寫(xiě)出上文概要； 2.用約120個(gè)單詞發(fā)表你的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括： (1)支持或反對(duì)漢語(yǔ)詞典收錄英語(yǔ)詞匯； (2)用2-3個(gè)理由或論據(jù)支撐你的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。 寫(xiě)作要求 1.可以支持文中任一觀(guān)點(diǎn)，但必須提供理由或論據(jù)； 2.闡述觀(guān)點(diǎn)或提供論據(jù)時(shí)，不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句； 3.作文中

5、不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)； 4.不必寫(xiě)標(biāo)題。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。 滿(mǎn)分作文 Today，more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language.Even the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese includes 239 English words.Some people support it while others do not. Generally，I am in favor of the inclusion.As the n

6、umber of English learners is on the rise，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.Besides，it is，on some occasions，more convenient to use English words.Most people nowadays use “IT” instead of its translation “xinxi jishu”. In our global village，we can see that it’s n

7、ot uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages.In English，there are many words borrowed from Latin，F(xiàn)rench，or even Chinese.In fact，Chinese has never stopped taking words from other languages，say，“ganbu” or “minzhu” from Japanese. So，it’s safe to conclude that it is reasonable to i

8、nclude English which facilitates daily communication. 閱卷老師點(diǎn)評(píng) 本篇讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)型文體是議論文，寫(xiě)的是支持漢語(yǔ)詞典收錄英語(yǔ)詞匯的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。本文第一段先用30個(gè)詞概括出大意，第二段發(fā)表了自己支持的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，并且舉了兩個(gè)例子。第三段總結(jié)自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。整個(gè)文章有理有據(jù)，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，銜接自然順暢。 1.高級(jí)詞匯和短語(yǔ)：find their way into；include；in favor of；on the rise；besides的使用讓文章煥然一新。 2.句式豐富多彩 while連接兩個(gè)并列句子，表示“對(duì)比”關(guān)系；as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；it

9、作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式；which 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句的使用，讓文章具有可讀性，顯示了作者較厚實(shí)的英語(yǔ)功底。 議論文讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)型作文指的是根據(jù)閱讀材料所描述的某一事件、現(xiàn)象、觀(guān)點(diǎn)或話(huà)題發(fā)表個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn)和建議的一類(lèi)讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)，其實(shí)質(zhì)就是要求考生根據(jù)題目要求寫(xiě)議論文。英語(yǔ)議論文有其獨(dú)特的框架結(jié)構(gòu)，能讓讀者迅速捕捉作者的觀(guān)點(diǎn)和思路。 一、開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山引出論點(diǎn) 在文章開(kāi)頭，通過(guò)主題句鮮明提出觀(guān)點(diǎn)或引出將要論述的內(nèi)容，防止在論述的過(guò)程中跑題。常用的句式有： 過(guò)渡/引出話(huà)題 There is no doubt that... It can not be denied that.

10、.. No one can ignore the fact that... From what is mentioned above，we know... 提出觀(guān)點(diǎn) From my point of view ... As far as I am concerned ... I hold the view/belief that ... Personally，I believe that ... 表達(dá)立場(chǎng) Actually，I am in favour of the idea that ... In some way，I am against the thought tha

11、t ... 二、多種形式展示論據(jù) 議論文在寫(xiě)作手法上以議論為主，如通過(guò)對(duì)比觀(guān)點(diǎn)、闡述原因、列舉例子等，但有時(shí)也要運(yùn)用說(shuō)明、敘述、描寫(xiě)等手法。議論中的說(shuō)明常為議論的開(kāi)展創(chuàng)造條件或是議論的補(bǔ)充；敘述和描寫(xiě)應(yīng)是為論點(diǎn)提供依據(jù)，因此，敘述應(yīng)該是概括的，描寫(xiě)應(yīng)該是簡(jiǎn)要的。常用的句式有： 總述原因 There are several reasons that contribute to... My views are based on the following reasons. 分層論述 To begin with/First of all...Besides/Furthermor

12、e... Finally/Last but not least... On the one hand...on the other hand... For one thing...for another... 列舉例子 Take...for example. For example/instance... 引出經(jīng)歷 It reminds me of the time when... What impresses me most is that... 分析因果 Thanks to/Owing to/Because of... Consequently/Therefore/

13、Thus/As a result... 討論后果 Just imagine what would be like if there were no... 三、總結(jié)升華，重申觀(guān)點(diǎn) 在文中或文末，考生可以用不同的語(yǔ)言重申主題或提出解決問(wèn)題的建議，從而使文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、主題鮮明。常用的句式有： 1．To sum up/In short/In conclusion/On the whole/All in all... 2．Taking all the factors into account，we can draw a conclusion that... 3．From the dis

14、cussion above，it can be safely concluded that... 4．Therefore，it is necessary for us to... 5．To be brief，we should be aware of the importance of... 6．Only when we.../Only by...，can we... 四、議論文概括的時(shí)候常用模版： 1．The essay/passage/author highlights the importance of encouragement for students. 2．The es

15、say/passage/author argues in support of...，stating that... 3．The essay/passage/author outlines the harmful effects of smoking. 4．The article gives the view that...should/shouldn’t...(主題)．..(補(bǔ)充論據(jù)) 5．The passage highlights the importance of... 五、議論文讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)常用句型： 1．表示贊成的句型： (1)I do agree with the aut

16、hor... (2)I can’t agree with what the writer said more. (3)I share the same idea with the author. (4)I am in favor of the idea. 2．表示反對(duì)的句型： (1)I don’t agree with the writer. (2)I’m strongly against the writer’s idea. (3)Generally，I tend to take the “Against” side. (4)I’m opposed to the auth

17、or’s opinion. (5)I object to the author’s opinion. (2018·鎮(zhèn)江期末) With their sauces and sachets of dried meat and vegetables，instant noodles were once the bedrock of China’s convenience food，but their sales had declined drastically in recent years. In 2013，sales of instant noodles on the Chinese

18、mainland surpassed more than 46.2 billion packets，according to the World Instant Noodles Association.However，by 2016 sales had dropped to just 38.5 billion packets. Zhang Xin，associate professor with Department of Economics and Finance at Tongji University，says the shrinking migrant population has

19、damaged the industry as they are one of the largest groups of instant noodle consumers. The explosive growth of China’s high-speed railway networks turns out to be unexpected enemy of the instant noodle industry.“Trains were once an important market for instant noodles，but railway stations are orde

20、ring less and less instant noodles these days，” says Long Shuhai，an instant noodle distributor in Yunnan Province. The rise of food delivery has also played a role in the declining fortunes of the instant noodle industry.The instant noodle industry is trying to regain its lost glory through develop

21、ing more flavors.It is also upgrading products to change people’s perception of instant noodles as a “l(fā)ow-end” product. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1．用約30個(gè)單詞寫(xiě)出上文概要； 2．用約120個(gè)單詞就“方便面能否重現(xiàn)昔日輝煌”這一話(huà)題，闡述你的看法，并用2～3個(gè)理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法。 寫(xiě)作要求 1．寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句； 2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)； 3．不必寫(xiě)標(biāo)題。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。 參考范文 The sale

22、s of instant noodles have declined sharply，which can be attributed to several factors，the decrease in migrant population being the chief one.However，the instant noodle industry is striving to revive. Such factors can be summarized as follows.Firstly，the migrant population consuming instant noodles

23、is becoming smaller and the consumption of instant noodles falls accordingly.Secondly，the railway networks grow rapidly，shortening people’s time on trains and making it unnecessary for them to have instant noodles.Last but not least，food delivery is springing up，which allows people to order online w

24、hatever they want in no time. From my perspective，the instant noodle industry is unlikely to be restored to its former glory.For one thing，with instant noodles considered junk food，people attach more importance to life quality and tend to choose healthier food.For another，the food delivery boom brings people much convenience and satisfies their diverse needs for diets. 6