2021版新高考英語一輪復習 Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe課后達標檢測 外研版選修8

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1、Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe (建議用時：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2020·大連一模)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house. Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Element

2、ary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars. She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton rec

3、eived information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind. “I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.

4、” “My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says. Dobek’s design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or Self-Growing Farm, and she details how it would work with

5、the elements on Mars. Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek’s design. A simulator(模擬裝置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even

6、 see places on Earth, such as their homes. “I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said. “Whatever they want to do, they should push for it and always try their best.” 【解題導語】　本文主要介紹了小學生Emilia Dobek設計太空站，并贏得挑戰(zhàn)的相關內容。 1．Dobek first became interested in space when ________． A．she

7、 was still a seventh grader B．she studied at a junior high school C．she lived on the top of their house D．she watched an eclipse of the moon D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar

8、eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house.”可知，Dobek對太空感興趣是從她三年級時的一個晚上觀看一次月食開始的。 2．Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because ________． A．she knew Dobek liked challenges in life B．she had no other students interested in Mars C．Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts D．s

9、he was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Smeeton的話可推知，她對Dobek很了解，對其可以接受這項挑戰(zhàn)并出色完成充滿信心。 3．What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station? A．The environment on Mars. B．The safety of the supplies. C．The activities for astronauts. D．The comfort of the ast

10、ronauts. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this world”并結合對倒數(shù)第二段的整體理解可推知，Dobek的設計包含身體和休閑活動，讓宇航員在太空中也能感到舒適。 B (2020·蘭州高三診斷)A new chapter opened in mankind’s exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探測器) to land on the moon’s far side reached its destinat

11、ion after a 26-day journey. The Chang’e 4 lunar probe, representing China’s latest step in lunar investigation, landed at 10：26 am at the Von Kármán crater and then sent back three photos of the landing site shot by cameras on the probe’s lander(著陸器), marking the world’s first images taken on the su

12、rface of the far side. One of the photos, published by the China National Space Administration, shows the place where Chang’e 4’s rover, which was named Yutu 2 on Thursday night, will be heading to explore and survey. Thus began the first long journey to the side of the moon that faces away from th

13、e Earth. It is meant to fulfill scientists’ long-held desire to closely observe the lesser known region. Tidal(潮汐的)forces on Earth slow the moon’s rotation to the point that the same side always faces Earth. The other side, most of which is never visible from Earth, is the far side of the moon. Whi

14、le it has been photographed by spacecraft, starting with a Soviet probe in 1959, no probe had ever made a soft landing there, so scientists had not been able to conduct surface-level observations and surveys of the region. Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar program, said in Beijing on Thurs

15、day that the landing “was perfect”. He called the event “an important milestone for China’s space exploration”， adding that it has made a good start for future lunar exploration efforts. With its investigation of the far side, particularly the Von Kármán crater, the Chang’e 4 mission will enable sc

16、ientists to find out what they haven’t known about the moon and deepen their knowledge of its early history and of the solar system. 【解題導語】　嫦娥四號探測器在月球背面著陸，這標志著中國探月工程的巨大進步，同時也為人類了解月球的背面提供了信息。 4．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The basic data of the Chang’e 4 lunar probe. B．The Chang’e

17、4’s world-first landing on the moon’s far side. C．The Chang’e 4’s 26-day visit to the far side of the moon. D．The description of the photos taken on the surface of the moon’s far side. B　解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“A new chapter opened in mankind’s exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first p

18、robe(航天探測器) to land on the moon’s far side reached its destination after a 26-day journey.”可知，本段主要介紹了嫦娥四號實現(xiàn)了人類首次在月球背面著陸。故選B。 5．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A．The lander. B．The rover. C．The far side of the moon. D．The Chang’e 4 lunar probe. C　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三

19、段的第二句“The other side, most of which is never visible from Earth, is the far side of the moon.”以及畫線詞所在句中的“While it has been photographed by spacecraft”可知，it在這里指代“the far side of the moon”，故選C。 6．What can we infer from this text? A．It is only on the moon that people can explore the deep space. B．Th

20、e scientific information obtained by Chang’e 4 will be new to the world. C．It is the first time for people to see the pictures of the far side of the moon. D．Chinese space technology is more advanced than that of any other country’s. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“marking the world’s first images taken o

21、n the surface of the far side”可知，嫦娥四號月球探測器發(fā)回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍攝的，由此可推知，B項正確。 7．In which section of a website can we probably read this text? A．Tourism. B．Health Care. C．Science and Technology. D．Art and Entertainment. C　解析：文章出處題。本文為新聞報道，介紹了嫦娥四號探測器首次在月球背面著陸，這標志著中國探月工程的巨大進步，由此可推知，本文可能出自一個網(wǎng)站的科技版面。故選

22、C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2020·長沙統(tǒng)一模擬)Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12-year-old. Yet, he went unnoticed—he had been __1__ every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared. In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was __2__f

23、or basic skills. “You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the__3__， “except for one boy. And it __4__ my heart to tell you this, but...” she __5__， “the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve __6__ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.

24、After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma __7__ punished him, he remained __8__． “Steve, please! I care about you！” __9__， Steve got it！“Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！” One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a __10__ on the weekend homework. Steve __11__ through

25、the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of __12__， Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over. Miss Wilma’s face was in a __13__ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then __14__， then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test! From that momen

26、t, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand __15__， but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became __16__． After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) __17__ military career. During his naval years, he inspired

27、many young people who might not have __18__ themselves without him. A __19__ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who __20__． 【解題導語】　Steve曾經(jīng)每次考試都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成績的時候，卻說他是班里最聰明的學生，并且告訴他老師非常關心他。Steve感受到老師對自己的良苦用心，從此刻苦學習，改變了自己的命運。老師對他的影響促使他用同樣的方法去影響并且?guī)椭嗟娜恕? 1．A.missin

28、g　　　　　　　　 B．failing C．passing D．skipping B　解析：根據(jù)下文可知，Steve學習成績很差。故可推知，他自一年級以來成績就不及格，故選B。下文中的“failing”也是提示。 2．A.tested B．classified C．separated D．dismissed A　解析：根據(jù)語境及下文內容可知，此處是說第一學期期中七年級全部學生進行基本技能測試。test“測試”符合語境。 3．A.questions B．effects C．lessons D．results D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，七年級全部學生進行了基本技能

29、測試，故此處應是指查看測試成績(results)。 4．A.fills B．presses C．breaks D．destroys C　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示告訴Steve他考試沒及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break “使心碎”。 5．A.shouted B．hesitated C．interrupted D．laughed B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Miss Wilma的語意有所轉折，故此處表示她猶豫(hesitated)了一下繼續(xù)說道。 6．A.dropped B．raised C．covered D．closed A　解析：根據(jù)語境可知

30、，Steve此次測試未及格，所以當Miss Wilma提到Steve的時候，Steve雙目低垂，認真檢查自己的指尖。drop one’s eyes“垂下眼睛”。 7．A.strangely B．steadily C．severely D．secretly C　解析：根據(jù)上文“After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework.”并結合語境可推知，雖然Miss Wilma嚴厲地(severely)懲罰了Steve，但他仍然很固執(zhí)(stubborn)。 8．A.helpless B．stubborn C．flexible D．

31、crazy B　解析：參見上題解析。 9．A.Commonly B．Unwillingly C．Particularly D．Suddenly D　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Steve突然頓悟，有人關心著自己。suddenly“突然”符合語境。 10．A.quiz B．chance C．speech D．presentation A　解析：根據(jù)下文“Steve ______ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.”可知，該處表示Miss Wilma組織了一場小測試(quiz)。 11．A.sle

32、pt B．looked C．lived D．hurried D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“was the first to hand in his paper”可推知，Steve很快就完成了測試。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合語境。 12．A.disappointment B．surprise C．satisfaction D．inspiration B　解析：根據(jù)下文“Miss Wilma’s face was in a ______ shock！”可知，Miss Wilma對Steve的表現(xiàn)非常驚訝(surprise)。disappointment“失望”；satis

33、faction“滿意”；inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。 13．A.bitter B．total C．precious D．ridiculous B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Miss Wilma深感震驚。a total shock“深感震驚”為固定搭配。 14．A.down B．away C．out D．back A　解析：根據(jù)該句“She glanced up at Steve, then ______， then up.”可知，Miss Wilma深感震驚，上下打量Steve。down“向下”符合語境。 15．A.homework B．gra

34、des C．knowledge D．subjects C　解析：根據(jù)語境以及空后的“but he could translate what he learned into his life”可知，Steve不但記住并理解了知識，而且可以把所學知識(knowledge)應用到生活中。 16．A.outstanding B．lazy C．rough D．troublesome A　解析：根據(jù)上文內容可知，Steve不但記住并理解了知識，而且可以把所學知識應用到生活中。由此可推知，他變得很優(yōu)秀(outstanding)。 17．A.tiring B．ordinary C

35、．hardworking D．successful D　解析：根據(jù)上文并結合語境可推知，畢業(yè)后，Steve參加了海軍，而且在軍隊中很成功。tiring“令人困倦的”；ordinary“普通的”；hardworking“努力的”。 18．A.relied on B．looked after C．turned to D．believed in D　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Steve在海軍服役期間鼓舞了許多年輕人，如果沒有他，這些年輕人可能不會相信(believed in)自己。 19．A.competition B．choice C．change D．campaign C　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，Steve在Miss Wilma的關心(cared)下，發(fā)生了改變(change)。 20．A.waited B．listened C．wished D．cared D　解析：參見上題解析。與上文中的“I care about you！”呼應。 8