2020版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時作業(yè)36 Unit 1 A land of diversity（含解析）新人教版選修8

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1、課 時 作 業(yè)　 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2019·渭南市尚德中學(xué)高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測) In recent years, many Americans of both sexes and various ages have become interested in improving their bodies. They have become devoted to physical fitness. The need to exercise has almost become natural with many people who have a strong desire to be mor

2、e physically fit. By nature, Americans are enthusiastic and energetic about their hobbies and pastimes. They apply their energy to running. As a result, there are running clubs to join and many books and magazines to read about running. The desire to be physically fit is explained by a “passion” f

3、or good health. The high rate of heart attacks in the 1960s caused an increase on the part of the public in improving the human body. Middle-aged men especially suffered from heart attacks. Thus, they are one group strongly interested in more physical exercise. In fact, many doctors encourage their

4、patients to become more physically active, especially those who have sedentary jobs. It is interesting to note that the rate of heart attacks began to decrease in the 1970s and it is still decreasing. Physical fitness enjoys a favored role in the United States at present. It is a new “l(fā)ove” that Ame

5、ricans have valued very much. Will it last long? Only time will tell—or until another “new passion” comes along. 本文是一篇說明文。近年來，美國人都對改善自己的體質(zhì)感興趣，許多人希望身體健康，他們開始致力于健身。 1．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．people's interest in physical exercise has something to do with their health conditio

6、n B．by nature, Americans are stronger and more energetic than others C．the love for physical exercise won't last long in American D．men have a stronger desire than women to take exercise 答案：A 解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第三段The high rate of heart attacks in the 1960s caused an increase on the part of the public i

7、n improving the human body.可知，心臟病發(fā)作率高增加了公眾對改善體質(zhì)的興趣。即人們對體育鍛煉的興趣與他們的健康狀況有關(guān)，故正確答案為A。 2．In recent years, many Americans have become interested in improving their bodies because ________. A．there are many running clubs to join B．they are eager for their hobbies and pastimes C．they have a strong desir

8、e to be more physically fit D．there are many books and magazines about running 答案：C 解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句The need to exercise has almost become natural with many people who have a strong desire to be more physically fit.可知，近年來，許多美國人對改善他們的體質(zhì)感興趣，是因為他們想要更健康，故選C。 3．According to the passage, the underlin

9、ed word in the last paragraph “sedentary” means ________. A．challenging intelligence B．energy-taking C．needing much sitting D．sleeping-producing 答案：C 解析：詞義猜測題。In fact, many doctors encourage their patients to become more physically active，especially those who have sedentary jobs. 事實上，許多醫(yī)生鼓勵病人多

10、運動，特別是那些在工作中需要久坐的人。故正確答案為C。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2019·濟寧市高三摸底考試) The application process to almost every college and university in the United States has several parts to it. Each part tells admissions officials at the schools something different about an applicant. __1__ A list of the student's activities outs

11、ide of school can show what his or her interests are. __2__ In it, students are expected to write about themselves and express their personal opinions about an issue. The statement helps admissions officers answer questions they may have about a given student. __3__ Some schools will ask an applic

12、ant a very specific question, others will let the student choose between different subjects or simply write about anything they want. Generally speaking, there is no one perfect way to write an essay. __4__ This could be about a difficult time when they were growing up or a meaningful relationship t

13、hey had. However, they should also be careful about the subject they choose. Many students think that telling a sad story makes them easy to remember. __5__ What they want is an essay about anything that is truly special or important to the student, and which also shows their better qualities. In a

14、ddition, it should show the student's understanding of the world and what their experiences or way of thinking will bring to the school. A．Every school has its own way of looking at the essay. B．Getting started in the writing process can be difficult. C．But that is not necessarily what admissions

15、 officials want to see. D．Class grades can show the subjects a student is strong in, for example. E．Therefore, remember to avoid discussing topics like politics and religion. F．Given a choice, students should choose to write about an issue they care about. G．But nothing really tells the story of

16、 an applicant as well as the essay or personal statement. 本文為說明文。美國幾乎每個學(xué)院和大學(xué)的申請過程都由幾個部分組成。申請表的大部分內(nèi)容是向大學(xué)招生官員介紹申請人的一些情況。有的大學(xué)會讓學(xué)生選擇要寫的主題，有的大學(xué)會給學(xué)生具體的問題，他們對待論文的要求不一樣。但他們想要的是一篇對學(xué)生來說真正特殊或重要的事物的文章。 1．D　解析：考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本空后的“A list of the student's activities outside of school can show what his or her

17、 interests are.”課外活動可表明學(xué)生的興趣，那成績單則表明學(xué)生比較擅長的學(xué)科。分析選項可知D項符合題意。 2．G　解析：考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段是說申請表中，只有學(xué)生寫的自己的觀點看法，這個陳述只是幫助招生官員回答學(xué)生方面的問題。除此之外沒有別的東西，因此可判斷申請表中除了這些沒別的內(nèi)容。分析選項可知G項符合題意。 3．A　解析：考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“Some schools will...others...”可知，有些學(xué)校會提出一個非常具體的問題，其他學(xué)校會讓學(xué)生在不同科目之間作選擇，或者簡單地寫他們要寫的任何東西。一般來說，沒有

18、一種完美的寫作方法。由此可知每個學(xué)校都有自己審閱論文的方式。分析選項可知A項符合題意。 4．F　解析：考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，每個學(xué)校對待論文的方式不同，有些學(xué)校會向申請人提出一個非常具體的問題。其他學(xué)校會讓學(xué)生在不同科目之間選擇，或者簡單地寫他們想要寫的任何東西。分析選項可知，只有F項(如果可選擇的話，學(xué)生應(yīng)該選擇他們關(guān)心的問題)符合題意。 5．C　解析：考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)上句“然而，他們也應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎選擇他們的主題。許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為講一個悲傷的故事讓他們?nèi)菀子涀　笨蘸蟮囊痪洹八麄兿胍氖且黄獙W(xué)生來說真正特殊或重要的文章，這也顯示出他們更好的

19、品質(zhì)?！笨芍?，根據(jù)上下文可知，寫一個悲傷的故事，不是招生官員希望看到的，他們想要的是一篇對學(xué)生來說真正特殊或重要的文章。分析選項可知C項(但這并不一定是招生官員希望看到的)符合題意。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (2019·河北省名校高三精英聯(lián)賽) In the United States，teenagers can get their driver's license when they are only 16 years old.Getting a driver's license __1__ (take)a lot of time and energy，but it's worth __2__

20、because it means having a lot more freedom.I'm from the rural state of Iowa that doesn't have a lot of public __3__ (transport)，and everything is really spread(分散)out. There __4__ (be) several steps before I got that special plastic card.In Iowa，everyone can get their learner's permit at the age of

21、 14, __5__ means you can only drive if your parent is sitting in the seat next __6__ you. The next step was getting my school permit at the age of 15.In the state of Iowa, __7__ you live more than a mile away from school you can get a school permit.But you can only drive to school and back home.If

22、you were caught __8__ (go) outside that route you would get in trouble. Finally, after __9__ (take) a three-month-long driver's education course and the final test.I was able to get my driver's license，and it did in fact make life quite a bit __10__ (easy)． 本篇文章講述了美國未成年人考駕照的事情，主要講了得到駕照的好處，所需要的步驟，以

23、及在什么情況下允許開車。最后得到駕照，它意味著自由，有時候會讓生活變得更好。 1．takes　解析：句意：得到駕駛執(zhí)照需要很多時間和精力。根據(jù)句意可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，另外本句是動名詞作主語，故答案為takes。 2．it　解析：句意：這是值得的，因為它意味著擁有更多的自由。此處用it指代拿駕照這件事。 3．transportation　解析：句意：我來自Iowa農(nóng)村，那里沒有很多公共交通?？芍颂幱妹~形式，transportation是不可數(shù)名詞，故答案為transportation。 4．were　解析：句意：我拿到駕照前有幾個步驟。句子用一般過去時態(tài)，再根據(jù)several s

24、teps，可知答案為were。 5．which　解析：句意：每個人都可以在14歲時拿到他們的學(xué)習(xí)許可證，這意味著如果你的父母坐在你旁邊的座位上，你才能開車。此處是前面整個句子作先行詞，后面用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 6．to　解析：next to靠近，緊挨著，可知答案為to。 7．if　解析：句意：如果你住在離學(xué)校一英里以外的地方，你可以拿到學(xué)校的許可證。故答案為if。 8．going　解析：句意：如果你被發(fā)現(xiàn)在外面走那條路，你會遇到麻煩的。catch sb. doing sth.撞上某人做某事，此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作主語補足語?？芍鸢笧間oing。 9．taking　解析：句意

25、：花了三個月開車之后。after doing sth.做某事之后。故答案為taking。 10．easier　解析：句意：使我們的生活更容易。make＋賓語＋賓語補足語，此處用形容詞作賓語補足語，因為a bit修飾形容詞比較級，加強語氣，故答案為easier。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 (2019·黑龍江省哈爾濱市六校聯(lián)考) One day I went with my dad to a store near our home. Just inside the door stood the most beautiful bicycle I have ever seen. No other kids

26、 in our town rode one like it. My dad must have noticed it. Bend down, he asked if I liked the bicycle, who price was a little high. I nodded. To my surprise, he bought it without any hesitate. I felt quite excitedly. Later, my father shared with me his experiences of those of his school day. My gr

27、andparents had no money for even such the thing as a pencil, and he never dared to ask my grandpa for one. Tears filled with Dad's eyes whatever he recalled his childhood. He said he would do his best get his child what he wanted. 答案 One day I went with my dad to a store near our home. Just inside

28、 the door stood the most beautiful bicycle I ever seen. No other kids in our town rode one like it. My dad must have noticed it. down, he asked if I liked the bicycle, price was a little high. I nodded. To my surprise, he bought it without any . I felt quite . Later, my father shared with me his

29、 experiences of those of his school . My grandparents had no money for even such thing as a pencil, and he never dared to ask my grandpa for one. Tears filled Dad's eyes he recalled his childhood. He said he would do his best get his child what he wanted. Ⅴ.書面表達 (2019·濟南市高三摸底考試) 假設(shè)你是高三學(xué)生李華，你的

30、英國筆友Peter在郵件中詢問你打算如何度過高三畢業(yè)后的暑假。請你給Peter回信，內(nèi)容包括： 1．對暑假的期盼； 2．你的假期計劃及理由。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 Dear_Peter， I'm_more_than_glad_to_hear_from_you._Yes,_like_you_said,_I_have_been_longing_for_the_upcoming_summer_vacation_after_the_College_Entrance_Examination,_during_which_I_can_do_a_lot_

31、of_amazing_things. This_three-month_vacation_will_undoubtedly_be_my_longest_holiday_ever._Therefore,_I'd_like_to_make_it_as_meaningful_as_possible._Firstly,_I'll_take_a_part-time_job_at_McDonalds_to_earn_some_money_to_cover_part_of_my_college_tuition._In_the_meanwhile,_I_can_meet_many_interesting_people_and_learn_about_society._Besides,_I'm_planning_to_enroll_in_a_driving_course_and_try_to_get_my_driver's_license_as_driving_will_be_an_important_and_necessary_skill_in_modern_society. Best_wishes! Yours， Li_Hua 6