0319-加強(qiáng)板零件的數(shù)控加工工藝及組合夾具設(shè)計(jì)

0319-加強(qiáng)板零件的數(shù)控加工工藝及組合夾具設(shè)計(jì),加強(qiáng),零件,數(shù)控,加工,工藝,組合,夾具,設(shè)計(jì) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯 題目： 加強(qiáng)板數(shù)控加工及夾具設(shè)計(jì) 專(zhuān) 業(yè) 名 稱(chēng)： 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 班 級(jí) 學(xué) 號(hào)： 078105208 學(xué) 生 姓 名： 顧榮杰 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 熊麗娟 填 表 日 期 2011 年 5 月 26 日 一、 選題的依據(jù)及意義 數(shù)控機(jī)床以其精度高、效率高和能適應(yīng)小批量多品種復(fù)雜零件的加工等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在機(jī)械加工中得到廣泛的應(yīng)用，在復(fù)合零件及航空零件的生產(chǎn)與制造，都廣泛的采用了數(shù)控技術(shù)。在數(shù)控加工機(jī)床上確定工件相對(duì)于刀具的正確加工位置，以保證其被加工表面達(dá)到所規(guī)定的各項(xiàng)技術(shù)要求，通過(guò)夾具將工件固定下來(lái)并可靠的夾住，防止在加工時(shí)因受到切削力、慣性力、離心力、重力及沖擊力和振動(dòng)等作用而發(fā)生位置移動(dòng)。討論數(shù)控加工和夾具的設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)制造業(yè)的發(fā)展很重要。隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，人們對(duì)各類(lèi)產(chǎn)品的要求越來(lái)越高，像汽車(chē)這樣大批量生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，也要求其個(gè)性化，因此就不能采用傳統(tǒng)的剛性生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)，要考慮到適當(dāng)?shù)娜嵝?。一些小批量生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，其復(fù)雜度要求和精密度要求也使通用機(jī)床難以勝任。相比之下，數(shù)控機(jī)床恰恰滿(mǎn)足了這些要求。數(shù)控加工是集傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械制造計(jì)算機(jī)現(xiàn)代控制傳感檢測(cè)信息處理光電技術(shù)于一體，是現(xiàn)代機(jī)械制造技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。他的廣泛應(yīng)用，給機(jī)制造的生產(chǎn)方式及產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)帶 二、 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況及發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 自1952年美國(guó)研制成功第一臺(tái)數(shù)控機(jī)床以來(lái)，隨著電子技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)和精密測(cè)量技術(shù)等的發(fā)展，數(shù)控機(jī)床在迅速地發(fā)展和不斷更新?lián)Q代，先后經(jīng)歷了5個(gè)發(fā)展階段。 第一階段數(shù)控技術(shù)：1952-1959年，采用電子管元件構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)用數(shù)控裝置（NC）。 第二代數(shù)控技術(shù)：從1959年開(kāi)始，采用晶體管電路的NC系統(tǒng)。 第三代數(shù)控技術(shù)：從1965年開(kāi)始，采用小、中規(guī)模集成電路的NC系統(tǒng)。 第四代數(shù)控技術(shù)：從1970年開(kāi)始，采用大規(guī)模集成電路的小型通用電子計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。 第五代數(shù)控機(jī)床：從1974開(kāi)始，采用微型電子計(jì)算機(jī)控制（Microcomputer Numerical Control,MNC）系統(tǒng)。第五代微機(jī)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)已取代以往的普通數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，形成了現(xiàn)代數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。它采用微機(jī)處理器及大規(guī)?；虺笠?guī)模集成電路，具有很強(qiáng)的程序存儲(chǔ)能力和控制功能。進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，由于計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，加速了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的更快更新?lián)Q代。世界上許多數(shù)控系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)廠家都利用PC機(jī)豐富的軟硬件資源開(kāi)發(fā)式體系結(jié)構(gòu)的新一代數(shù)控系統(tǒng)(也稱(chēng)之為六代數(shù)控機(jī)床)。開(kāi)放式體系結(jié)構(gòu)使數(shù)控系統(tǒng)具有更好的通用性、柔性、適應(yīng)性，擴(kuò)展性、并向智能化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化方向發(fā)展。開(kāi)放式體系結(jié)構(gòu)可以大量采用通用微機(jī)的先進(jìn)技術(shù)，如多媒體技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)聲控自動(dòng)編程、圖形掃描自動(dòng)編程等。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)繼續(xù)向高集成度的方向發(fā)展，每個(gè)芯片上可以集成更多個(gè)晶體管，使系統(tǒng)體積更小，更加小型化、微型化。利用多的CPU優(yōu)勢(shì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)故障自動(dòng)排除，可靠性大大提高；增強(qiáng)通信功能，提高進(jìn)線(xiàn)、聯(lián)網(wǎng)能力。 最新一代的數(shù)控機(jī)床——并聯(lián)機(jī)床（又稱(chēng)6條腿數(shù)控機(jī)床、并聯(lián)運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)器人、虛軸機(jī)床），是得控機(jī)床在結(jié)構(gòu)上取得重大突破。在1994年美國(guó)芝加哥國(guó)際機(jī)床展覽會(huì)（IMTS，94）上，美國(guó)G iddings&Lewis公司首次展出了Variax型并聯(lián)運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)床，引起了各國(guó)機(jī)床研究單位的和生產(chǎn)廠家的重視。它是一臺(tái)以Stewart平臺(tái)為基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)5坐標(biāo)立式加工中心，標(biāo)志著機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)始采用并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)，是機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)重大改革的里程碑。 數(shù)控技術(shù)正向科學(xué)計(jì)算可視化，插補(bǔ)和補(bǔ)償方式多樣化，內(nèi)裝高性能PLC，用戶(hù)界面圖像化，基于CAD和CAM的數(shù)控編程自動(dòng)化方向發(fā)展，當(dāng)前開(kāi)發(fā)研究適應(yīng)于復(fù)雜制造過(guò)程的、具有閉環(huán)控制體系結(jié)構(gòu)的、智能化新一代PCNC數(shù)控已成為，智能化新一代可能PCNC數(shù)控系統(tǒng)將計(jì)算機(jī)智能技術(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、CAD/CAM、伺服控制、自適應(yīng)控制、動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)管理及動(dòng)態(tài)刀具補(bǔ)償、動(dòng)態(tài)仿真等高薪技術(shù)融于一體，形成嚴(yán)密的制造過(guò)程閉環(huán)控制體系。 早期的夾具是和機(jī)床配套使用的，現(xiàn)代的專(zhuān)用夾具隨著大批大量生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)，特別是汽車(chē)行業(yè)。從本世紀(jì)40年代開(kāi)始，人們已開(kāi)始研究組合夾具和可調(diào)整夾具。我國(guó)生產(chǎn)夾具行業(yè)已有10多家，生產(chǎn)M16 M12 M8 M6 四個(gè)系列的組合夾具元件。隨著科技的發(fā)展，航空等產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)把數(shù)控加工應(yīng)用到產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程當(dāng)中來(lái)，國(guó)際一些知名企業(yè)都采用了UG軟件，國(guó)內(nèi)大多數(shù)研究所和飛機(jī)制造廠也都選用了UG作為新產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)。應(yīng)該說(shuō)，我國(guó)CAD/CAM技術(shù)的應(yīng)用正呈現(xiàn)出一片欣欣向榮的景象。在未來(lái)的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，一定會(huì)成為企業(yè)提高創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)能力的主要手段。 三、研究?jī)?nèi)容及實(shí)驗(yàn)方案 1.建立加強(qiáng)板數(shù)控模型； 2.編制加工工藝； 3.編制數(shù)控加工程序； 4.設(shè)計(jì)加強(qiáng)板鉆孔用組合夾具； 5.編制組合夾具裝配圖　 6.翻譯相關(guān)科技資料，并編寫(xiě)論文. 四、目標(biāo)、主要特色及工作進(jìn)度 目標(biāo)：通過(guò)這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，可以系統(tǒng)的把大學(xué)里的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)應(yīng)用到實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)中去，提高自己的動(dòng)手能力和創(chuàng)新能力，鍛煉自己的自主能力和查閱資料的能力，以此提高自己的綜合素質(zhì)來(lái)適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的需求。 主要特色：組合夾具采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化元件，縮短了輔助時(shí)間，工件定位迅速，夾緊動(dòng)作快，能夠保證加工精度和加工的穩(wěn)定性，并且擴(kuò)大了機(jī)床的工藝范圍，降低了對(duì)工人技術(shù)水平的要求和減輕了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。數(shù)控加工綜合應(yīng)用了微電子技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、自動(dòng)化控制、精密測(cè)量和機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的最新成就而發(fā)展起來(lái)的高效自動(dòng)化精密機(jī)床，是一中典型機(jī)電一體化產(chǎn)品。它集高效率、高精度和高柔性于一身，代表了機(jī)床的主要發(fā)展方向。它是機(jī)械加工自動(dòng)化的核心設(shè)備。 工作進(jìn)度： 1.收集有關(guān)資料，撰寫(xiě)開(kāi)題報(bào)告 3月1日- 3月21日 2.建立零件的三維CAD 實(shí)體模型 3月22日- 4月5日 3.編制零件數(shù)控加工工藝與數(shù)控加工程序 4月6日- 5月1日 4.設(shè)計(jì)夾具一套 5月2日- 5月30日 5.整理內(nèi)容，書(shū)寫(xiě)畢業(yè)論文 6月1日- 7月2日 五、參考文獻(xiàn) [1]Christian Vogt, Christian Mergl, and Heiner Bubb.Interior Layout Design of Passenger Vehicles With RAMSIS[J]. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing, 2005,15 (2) 197~212. [2]Gianni Ferretti, GianAntonio Magnani, Paolo Pocco. Virtual prototyping of mechatronic systems[J]. Annual Review in Control, 2004, 28: 193~200. [3]王先逵 機(jī)械制造工藝學(xué) 機(jī)械工藝出版社 2002.7 [4]趙波，龔勉，浦維達(dá) UG CAD 使用教程 清華大學(xué)出版社2002.7 [5]謝國(guó)明曾向陽(yáng) 王學(xué)平UG CAM使用教程清華大學(xué)出版社2002.6 [6]范丙炎 組合夾具北京出版社 1990.6 [5] 陸勁昆 初利寶Unigraphics V18.0與三軸銑床加工 北京大學(xué)出版社2002.6 [7]Boyes WE.Jigs and Fixtures.America ,SME 1982 加強(qiáng)板零件的數(shù)控加工及夾具設(shè)計(jì) 摘要: M5-5加強(qiáng)板零件是某航空產(chǎn)品中的一個(gè)薄壁零件，主要起支撐作用因而需要一定的強(qiáng)度和剛度，它是采用LC9鋁合金材料，能滿(mǎn)足其性能要求。航空產(chǎn)品一般是單件小批量生產(chǎn)，故適宜采用數(shù)控加工生產(chǎn)。本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容主要包括M5-5加強(qiáng)板零件數(shù)控加工和鉆孔用組合夾具拼裝兩個(gè)部分。數(shù)控加工部分主要有零件的實(shí)體模型的建立、數(shù)控加工工藝規(guī)程編制、刀具、切削用量及主軸轉(zhuǎn)速的選擇，以及零件的仿真數(shù)控加工，并利用UG軟件自動(dòng)生成相應(yīng)工序的數(shù)控加工程序。實(shí)體模型的建立是利用UG現(xiàn)有的塊、圓柱體、圓錐體和球體四種簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)體模型，通過(guò)建模合理性和參數(shù)化要求出發(fā)，根據(jù)M5-5加強(qiáng)板零件的特點(diǎn)創(chuàng)建符合數(shù)控加工的實(shí)體模型。根據(jù)粗、精加工分開(kāi)的原則合理編制數(shù)控加工工藝規(guī)程。根據(jù)工件材料及所用機(jī)床選擇適合的刀具及切削用量。組合夾具拼裝部分主要有組合夾具的總體設(shè)計(jì)、相關(guān)組合夾具元件的選擇，定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇及夾緊方法的選擇以及加工誤差精度分析。 關(guān)鍵字：實(shí)體建模 數(shù)控加工 工藝規(guī)程 組合夾具 指導(dǎo)老師簽名： The numerical control processing and jig of Strengthen the plank part are designed Abstract : M5-5 Strengthen the plank part some aviation products one of frame thin wall part, it need certain intensity and rigidity to play a supporting role mainly, it adopts the aluminium alloy material of LC9, can meet its performance demand . Aviation products single piece light to produce in batches generally, is it adopt numerical control process production to suit. Aviation products single piece light to produce in batches generally, is it adopt numerical control process production to suit. This graduation project design of subject content mainly including M6-6 little floor part numerical control process and hole with make up jig assemble two parts. Numerical control process part for entity foundation , numerical control processing technology rules make , cutter , cut consumption and choice , main shaft of rotational speed of model of part, and artificial numerical control of part process, utilize UG software turn into corresponding numerical control of process process the procedure automatically. Foundation, entity of model to utilize UG existing piece , round cylinder , cone , spheroid 4 kinds of simple entity models, is it set out to demand through modeling rationality and parameter , is it accord with the entity model processed in numerical control to establish according to M5-5 Strengthen the plank characteristic of part. According to thick, principle that finish machining separate work out the processing technology rules of numerical control rationally. And choose the suitable cutter and cutting consumption with the lathe according to the work piece material. Making the jig up has overall design which makes the jig up , relevant choices of making the jig component up to assemble mainly, orient the basic choice and choice of clamping the method and process the analysis of precision of error. Keyword: Entity's modeling Numerical control is processed Craft rules Rotational speed of the main shaft Signature 0f Supervisor： 部分?jǐn)?shù)控加工程序單 零件名稱(chēng)： 加強(qiáng)板 附錄B： N13G00G17G54G64G90X0Y0 N14M03S1000 N15G0X101.000Y92.752Z80.000 N16Z15.000 N17G1X101.851Y93.389Z14.907F1000 N18X102.847Y94.595Z14.770 N19X103.531Y96.002Z14.633 N20X103.863Y97.531Z14.496 N21Y98.787Z14.387 N22X103.531Y100.316Z14.250 N23X102.847Y101.723Z14.113 N24X101.851Y102.930Z13.976 N25X100.598Y103.867Z13.839 N26X99.160Y104.483Z13.702 N27X97.617Y104.743Z13.565 N28X96.056Y104.631Z13.428 N29X94.566Y104.155Z13.291 N30X93.478Y103.527Z13.182 N31X92.321Y102.475Z13.045 N32X91.444Y101.179Z12.908 N33X90.897Y99.713Z12.771 N34X90.711Y98.159Z12.634 N35X90.897Y96.606Z12.497 N36X91.444Y95.140Z12.360 N37X92.321Y93.844Z12.223 N38X93.478Y92.791Z12.087 N39X94.566Y92.163Z11.977 N40X96.056Y91.687Z11.840 N41X97.617Y91.576Z11.703 N42X99.160Y91.835Z11.566 N43X100.598Y92.451Z11.429 N44X101.851Y93.389Z11.292 N45X102.847Y94.595Z11.155 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