小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法入門.doc

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1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法入門（一）接數(shù)字要大寫首字母的單詞有些單詞接數(shù)字時(shí)必須大寫首字母，并且數(shù)字的首字母也要大寫，這樣的單詞有l(wèi)esson、grade、class、team、row、number等。如LessonOne第一課，ClassTwo,GradeThree三年級(jí)二班，TeamFour第四組，NumberFive第五號(hào)。但是它們不接數(shù)字時(shí)不大寫首字母。Be動(dòng)詞的一般用法be動(dòng)詞包括am、is、are, 其用法如下：1.am只用于I的后面，如：Iamagirl. Iamten.2.is只用于she/he/it或其他單數(shù)第三人稱后面，如：Itisabigapple.Agirlisinabus.(agi

2、rl一個(gè)女孩，單獨(dú)一個(gè)人是單數(shù)第三人稱)MikeisinTeamThree.(Mike一個(gè)人名是單數(shù)第三人稱)Anappleisinabox.(anapple一個(gè)蘋果，一個(gè)東西是單數(shù)第三人稱)Abookisinadesk.(abook一本書，也是單數(shù)第三人稱)3.are只用于you、we、they或復(fù)數(shù)人稱后面。如：YouareNumberThirteen.TheyareinGradeNine.Weareathome.Mikeandagirlareinabus.(Mike和一個(gè)女孩指的是兩個(gè)人，是復(fù)數(shù)人稱)SixboysareinTeamSix.（Sixboys六個(gè)男孩，多于兩個(gè)人也是復(fù)數(shù)人稱

3、）Abookandaboxareonadesk.（Abookandabox一本書和一個(gè)盒子，兩個(gè)物是復(fù)數(shù)人稱）Threepencilsareinthepencil-box.（Threepencils三支鉛筆，多于兩個(gè)物也是復(fù)數(shù)人稱）如何變一般疑問(wèn)句（一）1.提前原句中的be動(dòng)詞is、are，Be動(dòng)詞首字母要大寫，原句首字母恢復(fù)小寫，照抄剩余部分，然后加問(wèn)號(hào)。舉例如下： TomisinGradeOne.IsTominGradeOne?Yes,heis./No,heisnt.ThisisaneggIsthisanegg?Yes,itis./No,itisnt.(anegg是物，所以用it來(lái)回答)T

4、hatisRoseIsthatRose?Yes,sheis./No,sheisnt.（Rose是女孩，所以用she回答） ThisisTomIsthisTom?Yes,heis./No,heisnt.（Tom是男孩，所以用he回答） TheyareinClassNine.AretheyinClassNine?Yes,theyare./No,theyarent. Acatandadogareonthefloor.Areacatandadogonthefloor?Yes,theyare./No,theyarent. Manybirdsareflyinginthesky.Aremanybirdsfl

5、yinginthesky?Yes,theyare./No,theyarent.2.提前情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，舉例如下： Shecanspellclock.Canshespellclock?Yes,shecan./No,shecant. Maxcansaythenumbers.CanMaxsaythenumbers?Yes,hecan./No,hecant. TheycanspeakverygoodEnglish.CantheyspeakverygoodEnglish?Yes,theycan./No,theycant.如何變一般疑問(wèn)句（二）變一般疑問(wèn)句，所涉及的所有第一人稱都要改成第二人稱（特殊除外）

6、。即：I(me)you,we(us)you,am are,my your,mine yours.1.IamNumberSix.AreyouNumberSix?Yes,Iam./No,Imnot.2.WeareinTeamFour.AreyouinTeamFour?Yes,weare./No,wearent.3.Thisismy classroom.Isthisyour lassroom?Yes,itis./No,itisnt.練習(xí)：變一般疑問(wèn)句1.Weareinthesamegrade.2.IaminClassSix.3.Thatismysister.練習(xí)：變一般疑問(wèn)句并作兩種回答1.Evei

7、sinabus.2.Thisisanorange.3.ThatisMrsZhang.4.ThisisMrHu.5.Katecanrideabike.6.Tomandagirlareintheclassroom.7.TheyareJapanese.8.LucyandLilycanspeakChinese.如何變一般疑問(wèn)句（三）一、如果句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have/hasgot，則提前have/has。（注意：有some要改成any,有第一人稱要改成第二人稱，有第二人稱要改成第一人稱。）1.Ivegotaknife.Haveyougotaknife?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihavent.2.Tom

8、sgotsomegoodfriends.HasTomgotany goodfriends?Yes,hehas./No,hehasnt.練習(xí)一：將下列句子變一般疑問(wèn)句并作兩種回答。1.SimonsgotsomepostcardsfromMexico.2.Laurasgotaviolin.3.Ivegotapiano.4.Shesgotaknifeandforkandchopsticks.二、如果句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞原形，則在句首加do；如果句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)，則在句首加does，原動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)恢復(fù)原形；如果句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去式，則在句首加did，原動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式恢復(fù)原形。1.Ioftens

9、ingsongsonFlagDay.DoyouoftensingsongsonFlagDay?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.2.KatealwayshasEasterEggsonEaster.DoesKatealwayshaveEasterEggsonEaster?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.3.WeatezongzilastDragonBoatFestival.DidyoueatzongzilastDragonBoatFestival?Yes,wedid./No,wedidnt.4.Imeatingdeliciousmooncakesnow.Areyoueati

10、ngdeliciousmooncakesnow?Yes,Iam./No,Imnot.5.FatherChristmasoftengivesyoupresentsonChristmas.DoesFatherChristmasoftengiveuspresentsonChristmas?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.練習(xí)二：將下列句子變一般疑問(wèn)句并作兩種回答。1.Isometimesgetupat6:00.2.RoseneverdancesonHalloween.3.TheywatchedabigfootballgamelastThanksgiving.4.TomandMikea

11、reswimminginthelake.5.SantaClausalwaysgivesyoupresentsonChristmas.變特殊疑問(wèn)句一般分三步：第一步：根據(jù)劃線部分確定疑問(wèn)詞。第二步：將原句變成一般疑問(wèn)句。第三步：去掉劃線部分，并加問(wèn)號(hào)。三步當(dāng)中以第一步最難確定，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下：如何變特殊疑問(wèn)句（一）1.對(duì)姓名提問(wèn)用What，例如 HisnameisMax.Whats/Whatishisname? HernameisRose.Whats/Whatishername?2.對(duì)物提問(wèn)用What，例如 Itisabanana.Whats/Whatisit? Thisisapear.Whats/

12、Whatisthis? Thatisachick.Whats/Whatisthat?3.對(duì)年級(jí)提問(wèn)用Whatgrade，例如 TomisinGradeSix.WhatgradeisTomin? SheisinGradeNine.Whatgradeisshein?練習(xí)：變特殊疑問(wèn)句1.Thatisabag.2.HisnameisSam.3.Thisisablackboard.4.AmyisinGradeEight.5.HeisinGradeSeven.如何變特殊疑問(wèn)句（二）1.對(duì)班級(jí)提問(wèn)用Whatclass TomisinClassOne,GradeTwo.WhatclassisTomin? I

13、aminClassSix,GradeThree.Whatclassareyouin? WeareinClassFour,GradeSix.Whatclassareyouin?2.對(duì)組、隊(duì)提問(wèn)用Whatteam IaminTeamNine.Whatteamareyouin? WeareinTeamTen.Whatteamareyouin? LinglingisinTeamEleven.WhatteamisLinglingin?練習(xí)：變特殊疑問(wèn)句1.DamingisinTeamTwelve.2.IminClassSix,GradeNine.3.WeareinTeamFive.選擇疑問(wèn)句選擇疑問(wèn)句是

14、由一般疑問(wèn)句+or+其他構(gòu)成的供選擇的句子。1. Isthisapenorapencil?Itsapen.2.AreyouEnglishorAmerican?ImanAmerican.(注意：1，擇疑問(wèn)句or前面的單詞要讀聲調(diào)，or后面的要讀降調(diào)。2，擇疑問(wèn)句不能用yes或no回答，只能在or前后選擇。)練習(xí)：將下列句子與所給成分合并為選擇疑問(wèn)句并適當(dāng)回答1.AreyouinClassOne?(ClassTwo)2.CanyouspeakChinese?(Japanese)3.Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?(football)4.Wouldyoulikesomemilk

15、?(somejuice)5.IsheTom?(Sam)如何變特殊疑問(wèn)句（三）1.對(duì)人提問(wèn)用Who，對(duì)人名提問(wèn)用what(一句話中有單詞name，并在name下劃線，疑問(wèn)詞就要用What；如果沒(méi)有單詞name，并在人名下劃線，疑問(wèn)詞就要用Who。) SheisKate.Whoisshe?HernameisKate.Whatishername? ThisboyisJim.Whoisthisboy?HisnameisJim.Whatishisname?ThatwomanisMsSmart.Whoisthatwoman?HernameisMsSmart.Whatishername?2.對(duì)年齡提問(wèn)用Ho

16、wold.Sheisnine.Howoldisshe?.Eveisten.HowoldisEve?3.對(duì)排、行提問(wèn)用Whatrow.MikeisinRowNine.WhatrowisMikein?.HeisinRowFive.Whatrowishein?.IminRowFour.Whatrowareyouin?4.對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用Where.Mikeisonthehill.WhereisMike?.Thecatisinthebox.Whereisthecat?.Apearisonthechair.Whereisthepear?(上句出現(xiàn)a，下句用the特指)練習(xí)：變特殊疑問(wèn)句1.Coyisinab

17、us.2.LauraisinRowFive.3.Roseistwelve.4.ThegirlisLucy.5.Iamatschool.6.ThatmanisMrHu.7.Imtwenty.8.Awomanisintheroom.9.HernameisLucy.10.IamMrWang.如何變特殊疑問(wèn)句（四）一.對(duì)長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)用Howlong1.TheGreatWallisthousandsofkilometers.HowlongistheGreatWall?2.TheChangjiangRiverisabouttwelvethousandLilong.HowlongistheChangjiangR

18、iver?二.對(duì)人口數(shù)量提問(wèn)用Howbigis+地名？1.Beijinghasgotabout14millionpeople.HowbigisBeijing?2.NewYorkhasgot8millionpeople.HowbigisNewYork?練習(xí)：1.TheYellowRiverisabout5thousand4hundredkilometerslong.2.Shanghaihasgotabout17millionpeople.3.Heilongjiangisaboutfourthousandthreehundredkilometerslong.4.SanFranciscohasgot

19、abouteighthundredthousandpeople.如何變特殊疑問(wèn)句（五）一、對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)用When。1.ChristmasisonDecember25thWhenisChristmas?2.AprilFoolsDayisonApril1stWhenisAprilFoolsDay?練習(xí)一：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)1.HalloweenisonOctober31st.2.EasterSundayisonthefirstSundayafterApril21st.3.ChildrensDayisonJune1st.4.ThanksgivingisonthefourthThursdayinNovemb

20、er.二、對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)用Howmany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞。1.Icanseethreebirdsinthesky.Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthesky?2.Ivegottwobrothers.Howmanybrothershaveyougot?3.Therearetwenty-sixgirlsinClassFour.HowmanygirlsarethereinClass4?4.Thereissomebreadinthebag.Howmuchbreadisthereinthebag?5.Shesgotalotofapples.Howmanyapples

21、hasshegot?練習(xí)二：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)1.Therearethirty-threeboysinGrade9.2.Ivegotlotsoftoys.3.Thereissomejuiceinthebottle.4.Hesgotalotofstamps.5.Icanseemanymonkeysinthezoo.6.TherearelotsoffestivalsinAmerica.三、對(duì)所做事情提問(wèn)用What。（注意：如果劃線部分是動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)或過(guò)去式，都要用do替代劃線部分；如果劃線部分是動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞，則用doing替代劃線部分。）1.WecarryflagsonFlagDay.Wha

22、tdoyoudoonFlagDay?2.HehasaspecialmealontheSpringFestival.WhatdoeshedoontheSpringFestival?3.Sheissingingsongsnow.Whatisshedoingnow?4.Thecatateabirdlastnight.Whatdidthecatdolastnight?練習(xí)三：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)1.TheyoftenwatchTVonSaturdays.2.Implayingcomputergamesnow.3.ShegoestoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.4.Ivisitedmyre

23、lativeslastSpringFestival.5.Weareseeingthedragondance.6.HeatelotsofmooncakeslastMid-autumnDay.7.WeseelanternsonLanternFestival.8.WeeatjiaozionSpringFestival.9.Wesay“Thankyou.”onThanksgiving.10.TheygiveEasterEggstoeachothersonEaster.四、對(duì)職業(yè)提問(wèn)用Whatbe+sb?/Whatssbsjob?/Whatdo(es)sbdo?1. Sheisateacher.What

24、isshe?/Whatsherjob?/Whatdoesshedo?2.Imadoctor.Whatareyou?/Whatsyourjob?/Whatdoyoudo?練習(xí)四：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)1.Lilyisastudent.2.MrSmartisadriver.3.Wearepupils.4.Theyareteachers.英語(yǔ)中的打電話英語(yǔ)中的打電話，通常是接電話者自報(bào)號(hào)碼，如Hello,89321204.我是XXX，不說(shuō)Im，而說(shuō)Thisis。你是XXX嗎？不用Areyou？而說(shuō)Isthat？你是誰(shuí)？不用Whoareyou?而說(shuō)Whosthat?人名+s的用法（一）1.人名+s是人名與is

25、的縮寫,表示XXX是。.Tomsathome.(Tom是在家).Katesinabus.（Kate是在公共汽車上）2.人名+s是名詞所有格，表示XXX的。.Mikespenisinthepencil-box.（Mike的鋼筆是在文具盒里）.CoyshomeisinEngland.（Coy的家是在England）3.人名+s是人名與has的縮寫，表示XXX有。.Simons got abigbag. (Simon有一個(gè)大書包。).Lilysgotabrotherandtwosisters.(Lily有一個(gè)哥哥和兩個(gè)妹妹。)練習(xí)：翻譯下列句子1.Tomsdadisathome.2.Jimsatho

26、metoday.3.ImJimsdad.4.Evesonahill.5.LiLeisgotapetdog.6.Katesinabus.7.Mikespenisinthepencil-box.8.CoyshomeisinEngland.9.Lucysgotagoodfather.10.Tomsathome.小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法入門（二）名詞復(fù)數(shù)一、規(guī)則變化：1.一般在名詞詞尾加s，如：adesk twodesks, anapple threeapples2.以s、x結(jié)尾的在名詞詞尾加es，如：abox fourboxes, abus fivebuses二、名詞復(fù)數(shù)的讀音1.加在清輔音后面的s發(fā)s，如：d

27、eskdesks,mapmaps2.加在濁輔音后面的s發(fā)z，如：eggeggs,girlgirls3.加在元音后面的s發(fā)，如：carcars,treetrees4.加在s、x后的es發(fā) ，如：busbuses, boxboxes5.加在 音素后與其合發(fā) ，如：catcats6.加在 音素后與其合發(fā) ，如：bedbeds7.加在 音素后發(fā) ，如：orangeoranges練習(xí)：將下列名詞變復(fù)數(shù)并標(biāo)注所加的s或es的發(fā)音cake desk jeep book map bike clock cup girl lesson apple egg pen pencileraser boy tree pic

28、ture ruler car dress fox bus box boat cat friend bird orange 三、不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese代詞(一)人稱代詞主格你 我 他 她 它 你們 我們 他/她/它們 you I he she it you we the

29、y人稱代詞賓格你 我 他 她 它 你們 我們 他/她/它們 you me him her it you us them形容詞性物主代詞你的 我的 他的 她的 它的 你們的 我們的 他/她/它們的 your my his her its your our their名詞性物主代詞你的 我的 他的 她的 它的 你們的 我們的 他/她/它們的 yours mine his hers its yours ours theirs1.人稱代詞主格用在動(dòng)詞前，做動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，在句中作主語(yǔ)。I look.Hecanseeabird.They haveagoodteacher.2.人稱代詞賓格用在動(dòng)詞或介詞后，

30、做動(dòng)作的承受者，在句中作賓語(yǔ)。Lookatme,please.Icanseeherinthebus.Pleaseaskthem3.形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，主要用在名詞前修飾、限制名詞，但是不可單獨(dú)使用。Thisismy friend.Thatsyourorange.Her nameisRose.MissLiisour teacher.Thosearetheirbananas.4.名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，可用于動(dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞后，可單獨(dú)使用。Thisismydesk.=ThisdeskismineA:Thosearetheirapples.Whereareours?B:Yoursar

31、einthebox.練習(xí)一：完成下表人稱代詞主格：你 我 她 他 它 你們 我們 他（它）（她）們?nèi)朔Q代詞賓格：你 我 她 他 它 你們 我們 他（它）（她）們名詞性物主代詞：我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他（她）（它）們的練習(xí)二：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列各題1. sing, danceallday.Thisis life.(我)2. isEnglish. nameisJack.(他)3. isRoseandthisis desk., Thatchairis ,too.(她)4. askme,Iask .(他們)5.can rideabike?Thisis bike.Thatbik

32、eisnt .(你)6. isacat. nameisTam.Canyousee inthepicture?(它)7.Lookat ,please. areChinese.MissLiis Englishteacher.(我們)hundred、thousand、million、billion當(dāng)hundred、thousand、million、billion前面有具體數(shù)量詞的時(shí)候，它們是數(shù)量詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)變化，如:athousand,threethousand,eightmillion等；當(dāng)它們前面沒(méi)有具體的數(shù)量詞時(shí)，則它們是名詞，總以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，表示數(shù)量之多，但不確定，一定要與介詞of構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)

33、之后才能修飾名詞,如：hundredsofboys數(shù)百男孩，thousandsofbirds數(shù)千只鳥，millionsofpeople數(shù)百萬(wàn)人，IfIhadbillionsandbillionsofdollars（數(shù)十億美元）,Iwillbuyyoueverythingyouwant.butthatsimpossible.haha.練習(xí)：選擇正確答案1.Thereare volunteersinBeijing2008OlympicGames.A.tenmillions B.tenmillionsof C.millionsof D.millionof2.Many treesshouldbepla

34、ntedonthemountains.A.thousand B.thousandof C.thousands D.thousandsof3.Morethanfive_peoplearethere.A.thousands B.thousand C.thousandsof4.-HowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingfortheOlympicGamesin2008?-Itshardtosay._people,Ithink.A.Millionof B.Millionsof C.Twomillionsof D.Twomillionof基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞是表示數(shù)量的詞，如下：one two

35、 three four five .Hundred thousand million1.幾十幾用整十加連字符“-”再加幾，如：34：thirty-four98：ninety-eight2.幾百幾十幾用幾百and幾十幾，如：112：ahundredandtwelve375：threehundredandseventy-five序數(shù)詞1.序數(shù)詞是表示順序的詞，如下：first第一，second第二，third 第三，fourth 第四.2.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞，一般都在基數(shù)詞詞尾加th，其規(guī)律如下：一二三要全變，（onefirst，twosecond，threethird）其余將th加后邊，（fourf

36、ourth，fifty-sevenfifty-seventh）th變化有特例，（如下）八減t，（eighteighth）九去e，（nineninth）ty改成tie，（twenty twentieth，ninety ninetieth）ve變f再加th。（fivefifth，twelvetwelfth）基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞記憶口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上th。一，二，三，特殊記，詞尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty將y變成i，th前面有個(gè)e。若是碰到幾十幾，前用基來(lái)后用序小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法入門（三）方位名詞與方位介詞1.方位名詞Nmeansnorth,Smeanssouth,Wmean

37、swestandEmeanseast.NEmeansnortheast,SEmeanssoutheast,NWmeansnorthwestandSWmeanssouthwest.mean代表，意思是north北south南west西east東2.方位介詞：包含in，接壤on，相望to.BisinthenorthofA.(B在A的北部).CisinthewestofA.(C在A的西部).FisonthenorthofA.(F在的北邊).IisonthesouthofG.(在的南邊).GistothewestofA.(在的西邊).HistotheeastofA.(在的東邊)練習(xí)一：翻譯下列句子 北

38、京在中國(guó)的北部。2.上海在中國(guó)的東部。3.舊金山在美國(guó)的西部。4.海南在中國(guó)的南部。5.日本在中國(guó)的東邊。6.Russia（俄羅斯）在中國(guó)的北邊。練習(xí)二：看右圖，用正確的方位名詞或方位介詞填空。1.Eis the southof A.2.Dis inthe of A.3.Gis thenorthofI.4.Gis thewestofC.5.Jis thenortheastofA.Therebe句型一、Therebe+sb（某人）/sth（某物）+someplace（某處），表示在某地有某人或某物。當(dāng)be后是單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用is，后面是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)be用are。1.Thereisabirdint

39、hetree.(在樹上有一只鳥。)2.Thereisabookonthedesk.(在桌子上有一本書。)3.Therearetwoboysonthehill.(在山上有兩個(gè)男孩。)練習(xí)一：仿照例句翻譯下列句子1.Thereisapencilinthepencil-box.2.Therearesomefootballsontheplayground.3.在桌子里有一個(gè)書包。4.在椅子上有一個(gè)茶杯。5.在六年二班有27個(gè)女孩。二、Therebe+sb/sth+doing+someplace.表示有某人或某物正在某地做某事。1.Thereisamanswimmingintheriver.(有一個(gè)男人

40、正在河里游泳。)2.Therearesomepeopleridingbicycles.(有一些人正在騎自行車。)練習(xí)二：翻譯下列句子1.Thereisagirlreadingabookunderthetree.2.Thereisawomanlisteningtomusic.3.Therearetwoteacherstalkingintheoffice.4.Thereisamansittingonthechair.三、Therebe句型變一般疑問(wèn)句，只需要提前be，但有some要改成any。1.Therearesomepearsinthebag.Arethereanypearsinthebag?

41、Yes,thereare./No,therearent.2.ThereisadogplayingwithCoy.IsthereadogplayingwithCoy?Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.練習(xí)三：變一般疑問(wèn)句并作兩種回答1.ThereisaChinatowninAmerica.2.ThereissomewaterinMars.3.Therearesomeorangesinyourbag.四、對(duì)此句型中的人提問(wèn)用Whos+someplace?對(duì)物提問(wèn)用Whats+someplace?（注意：不論原句中be動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)人對(duì)物提問(wèn)一律用is）1.Thereisa

42、littlegirlintheroom.Whosintheroom?2.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.Whatsinthetree?練習(xí)四：變特殊疑問(wèn)句1.ThereisamantalkingtoMrLi.2.Therearesomebooksinmybag.3.Thereisapostcardonthedesk.4.Therearesomepeopletalkingunderthetree.五、對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用Where+is/are+sb/sth?1Therearetwoboysintheclassroom.Wherearethetwoboys?2.Thereisaca

43、tonthebed.Whereisthecat?(注意：對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)時(shí)be動(dòng)詞要和原句保持一致。原句中人或物如果是復(fù)數(shù)，變特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要在數(shù)字前加the，如果是單數(shù)要把a(bǔ)/an改成the,如果有some，lotsof，alotof，many等都要改成the。)練習(xí)五：變特殊疑問(wèn)句1.Thereisanorangeonthechair.2.Therearefourgirlsintheclassroom.3.Thereisawomaninthebus.4.ThereareaChinatowninAmerica.5.Therearelotsofboysandgirlsontheplayground.小

44、學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法入門（四）一、動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞變化動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則如下：1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping練習(xí)、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit_現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示

45、現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。在小學(xué)與初中階段現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常會(huì)伴隨這樣的標(biāo)志詞：Look！Listen!Now.1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）.Look!Sheisdancingintheclassroom.Listen!Roseissinging.Nowwearedoingourhomework.2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。.Iamnotrunningnow.Imriding.Theyarentplayingtheviolin.Theyareplayingtheguitar.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be

46、動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。.Tomislisteningtomusic.IsTomlisteningtomusic?Yes,heis./No,heisnt.Theyarewalkinginthepark.Aretheywalkinginthepark?Yes,theyare./No,theyarent.IamhavingmyPElesson.AreyouhavingyourPElesson?Yes,Iam/No,Imnot.WearewatchingTVathome.AreyouwatchingTVathome?Yes,weare./No,wearent.練習(xí)一：用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Thebo

47、y (draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What you (do)now?5.Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.6.They (not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!Thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.9.Its5oclocknow.We (have)suppernow.

48、10. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.練習(xí)二：句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)2Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)3Implayingthefootballontheplayground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))4Tomisreadingbooks.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))二、動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)變化1. 一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾加s，Collect collects play plays2.以s,x,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es，miss misses watch watches g