重點(diǎn)單詞(必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists)(講義)

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1、重點(diǎn)單詞（必修5 Unit 1 Great scierrtists）（講義） 咼中央語(yǔ)丨重點(diǎn)單詞（必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists） 1?學(xué)習(xí)單詞廠(chǎng)注意重點(diǎn)單詞的用法并靈活運(yùn) 用這些單詞。 2.牢記核心單詞的介詞搭配及其重要用法。 重點(diǎn):conclude, attend, expose, absorb, blame 難點(diǎn)：absorb的用法。 【單詞學(xué)習(xí)】 1. conclude 窗kiuq vt?& vi.斷定，推斷；使 結(jié)束，終止；達(dá)成，締結(jié) conclude sth. with sth. / by doing sth. 以……結(jié)束 conclud

2、e sth.（from sth.） that...（從 ）推斷 出撕定 He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. 計(jì)劃。 He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home. 他講話(huà)結(jié)束時(shí)祝愿大家回家一路平安。 conclusion n.結(jié)論;結(jié)束 draw / reach / arrive at / come to a conclusion得出結(jié)論 come to the conclusion that...所得結(jié)論 是……

3、 in conclusion ■=j I've come to the conclusion that he is not the right person for the job. 我斷定他不適合做這項(xiàng)工作。 完成句子 ① 從這些事實(shí)中你得出什么結(jié)論？ do you the facts? ② 他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”結(jié)束他的 演講。 He a famous saying : Where there is a will，there is a way. ③ 最后，我想向我的家人表示感謝。 , I'd like to express my thanks to

4、my family. 答案： ① What； conclude from ② concluded his speech with ③ In conclusion 思路分析： ①考查conclude from“從 得出結(jié)論”， 本句是特殊疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)詞在句中充當(dāng)?shù)氖?conclude的賓語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)該填入疑問(wèn)代詞what。 ②考查 conclude???with… 以 結(jié)束, concluded his speech with?““ 以 結(jié)束他的演 講”。 ③考查in conclusion最后。 2. attend ［比何 誕?出席；參加; 照顧; 護(hù)理; 注意誠(chéng)專(zhuān)

5、心; attend on / upon sb.伺候某人；照顧某人 attend to sb. / sth.照顧某人/專(zhuān)心于處理某 事 He is very famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening. 他在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域很出名，今晚會(huì)有成千上萬(wàn)的 粉絲聽(tīng)他的講座。 He has to attend (on) his sick son. 他不得不照顧生病的兒子。 He has a great deal to attend to today. 他今天有許多事

6、要處理。 易混詞 （組） 辨析 例句 attend 表示出席或參加會(huì) 議、儀式、典禮； 也可表示上課、上 學(xué)、聽(tīng)報(bào)告等 They attended college together at Beijing University. 他們起就讀于 北京大學(xué)。 join 表示加入某一組織 ，并成為其中的一 員，如加入黨派、 組織、社團(tuán)、俱樂(lè) 部等。其賓語(yǔ)也可 以是人 My wish is to join the army after graduation. 我的愿望是畢業(yè) 后參軍。 ? ? ? join in 表示參加正在進(jìn)行 的小型活動(dòng)，也可 用于 join sb.

7、in (doing) sth?表示加 入某人的行列一起 做某事 I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun. 我希望每個(gè)人都 能夠加入進(jìn)來(lái)， 玩得開(kāi)心。 take part in 表示參加活動(dòng)，側(cè) 重說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)參加并 在其中發(fā)揮一定的 作用，part前若有 修飾語(yǔ)，前面要用 不定冠詞 People who take part in sports must be in condition. 參加運(yùn)動(dòng)的人一 定要保持良好的 健康狀態(tài)。 attendant n.服務(wù)員，侍者，侍從，隨從; 護(hù)理者 語(yǔ)境填詞：用 att

8、end，join in，join, take part in的適當(dāng)形式填空 An old Party member who the Party in 1949 the meeting. He our group discussion and encouraged us to various social activities. 答案：joined； attended； joined in； take part in 思路分析：第一空后賓語(yǔ)the Party是組織 名詞,所以應(yīng)該填入joined；第二空后賓語(yǔ)為the meeting,所以填入 attended；第三空

9、 joined in 表示參加小型的活動(dòng)；第四空take part in則表 示參加活動(dòng)并在其中起到重要作用。 3. expose ［昨迪］vt.暴露，揭露；使曝光； 使面臨 expose???to 使顯露;暴露 expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭發(fā)某事 be exposed to 暴露于 ，處于 危險(xiǎn) 中 Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one^sskin. 暴露在陽(yáng)光下太久對(duì)皮膚有害。 It is reported that he exposed the truth of t

10、he milk poisoning incident to the public. 他向公眾揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。 The fact that children are exposed to too many violent online games worries parents nowadays as well as the society. 孩子們接觸到太多的暴力網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，這一事 實(shí)使現(xiàn)在的家長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)尤為擔(dān)心。 When to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, nervous and an

11、xious. A. exposed; felt B? exposed; feeling C. exposing; feeling D. exposing; felt 答案：B 思路分析：句意：當(dāng)面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)和沖突時(shí)，人 們往往血壓升高，感到緊張或焦慮?？梢苑治龀?句中第一空涉及be exposed to “暴露于”,而在語(yǔ) 法方面則是考慮到時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略問(wèn)題，句 子的主語(yǔ)是men,故可省略men are^主語(yǔ)men與 feel之間是主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 4. absorb州卻vt.吸收；并入，并吞；吸引; 使專(zhuān)心; 理解，掌握 absorb sth. (into

12、...)吸收 absorb one's attention吸引某人的注意 absorb oneself in (=be absorbed in)全神貫 注于……，專(zhuān)注于…… The material can absorb outward-going radiation from the Earth. 該物質(zhì)可以吸收地球向外輻射的能量。 The banks would be forced to absorb large losses. 銀行將被迫承受巨大的損失。 I keep the lesson simple because small kids can't absorb tha

13、t much. 我把課講得很簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)樾『⒆永斫獠涣四?么多。 absorbed adj?聚精會(huì)神的；專(zhuān)心致志的 be absorbed by / into...被… 所吸收 …吞并；被 be absorbed/buried in全神貫注于；專(zhuān)心于 You could tell he was absorbed in his conversation, not paying much attention to the road. 可以看出，他當(dāng)時(shí)光顧著說(shuō)話(huà)而沒(méi)有注意到 路上的情況。 Completely absorbed in her new novel, the young

14、writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study. 這位年輕作家在她的書(shū)房里一連十幾個(gè)小 時(shí)專(zhuān)心思考和創(chuàng)作她的新小說(shuō)。 Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. 由于受全球金融危機(jī)的影響，大多數(shù)小店已 被并入大公司。 She was so in her job that she didn'hear anybody knocking

15、at the door at all. A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. devoted 答案：B 思路分析：句意：她如此專(zhuān)注于工作，以至 于完全沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到有人在敲門(mén)。be absorbed in / be devoted to...專(zhuān)心致力于 ，全神貫注于 。 本題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中容易誤選devoted，因此提醒考 生需要注意介詞的搭配，這也是高考當(dāng)中常見(jiàn)的 出題點(diǎn)，要給予足夠重視。 5. blame vt?責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把 歸咎 于n.過(guò)失；責(zé)備 blame sb. for sth?因某事而責(zé)備某人 blame sth. on sb?把某事怪到某

16、人頭上 be to blame (for...)應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任;該受責(zé)備(用 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義) get / accept / bear / take the blame for... 對(duì) 負(fù)責(zé) lay / put the blame for sth. on sb.把某事歸 咎于某人身上 Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving. 警方把事故歸咎于危險(xiǎn)駕駛。 Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the on

17、e to blame. 格林先生站起來(lái)為這個(gè)16歲的男孩做辯 護(hù)，說(shuō)他不是該受譴責(zé)的人。 According to the driver's explanation, it was not his carelessness but the bad road conditions that were to blame for the accident. 根據(jù)駕駛員的解釋?zhuān)鹿实陌l(fā)生不是由于他 的粗心大意而是惡劣的道路狀況造成的。 The drunk driver should take the blame for the traffic accident. 那位醉酒司機(jī)應(yīng)該承擔(dān)交通

18、事故責(zé)任。 It was the boy, rather than his teachers, that for what the boy had done. A. were to blame B. were to blamed C. was to blame D. was to be blamed 答案：C 思路分析：句意：是這個(gè)男孩應(yīng)該為他所做 的事情受到責(zé)備，而不是他的老師們。在題目中 含有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，句子的主語(yǔ)是the boy， 空中所填內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)表示“應(yīng)受責(zé)備”故而選用be to blameo本題中雖然boy與blame之間是動(dòng)賓 即被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是要特別注意此處須用

19、 be to blame,此處to blame用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。 這也是blame 一詞的?？键c(diǎn)，須引起足夠的重 視。 1. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people to cholera （霍 亂）? A. expose B. exposed C. exposing D. to expose 2. When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, in conversation.

20、A. absorbing B. absorbed C. to absorb D. to be absorbed 3. 一Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. 一I it, but I was busy preparing B? had for a job interview. A. attended D. would attended C. would attend have attended 4. The , I think, he drew from his simple experiment is not

21、scientific. A. attention B. conclusion C. promise D. relation 5. Nowadays, children are to too many violent online games, which is bad for the development of their character. A. linked B. led C. used D. exposed 答案：BBDBD 思路分析： 1. expose"使暴露于；顯露；使接觸”在 此處作后置定語(yǔ)修飾people,二者存在動(dòng)賓關(guān) 系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。 2. 考

22、查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)他三個(gè)小時(shí) 后回來(lái)時(shí)，他們?nèi)宰谏嘲l(fā)上，聚精會(huì)神地交談。 be absorbed in為固定搭配, 意為“專(zhuān)心于”所 以此處應(yīng)該用absorb的過(guò)去分詞形式，作伴隨 狀語(yǔ)。 3. 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：一很可惜你錯(cuò)過(guò) 了這次有關(guān)核污染的演講。一我本來(lái)要參加，但 忙于準(zhǔn)備工作面試。根據(jù)but后面的內(nèi)容可知， 設(shè)空處表達(dá)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以正 確答案為D項(xiàng)。 4. 句意：我認(rèn)為他從簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)驗(yàn)中得出的 結(jié)論是不科學(xué)的。draw a conclusion “得出結(jié) 論” draw one^sattention “引起某人注意” 5. 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)今，孩子們接觸 到過(guò)多暴力網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，這對(duì)他們的性格發(fā)展不 好。be exposed to接觸 ，暴露在 ，符合句