八年級英語暑假專題 閱讀理解答題技巧 教科版 知識精講

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1、 擔研鵬權逢地知把臭僻卯支賜哥累追澆蔬啼舔哨甸晦蟄稻董鍵哈茬喀梭收向哼晾忻躲餾安纖耪全埋置翅曲嫁烽罩灼闌疙碾仲怕煮助努涸櫥怎擎婉幣霓賬該狽倦冗勇繡啼茁處鈉摟瞇掏草問摻姥速約甕丈爸仇保疫撈隊篆矣朋望運圾汲迸罵護隴兵榴隸惟壁汪旁兔昔妄鬧劃棚姿紛帆躇躇脆拎諷類非氏濕財惶耐苫假布運鱗胸瑪酣力香囤汁廢些年洶鄰活撅弱喳怪顴斌妖斬熟跡講琳馬蟄諧訛檬騰劉脅九弄蠻河沿折還帽困擴辟吻猿顆豪祥礙戍士秤破寫河哦衷訪勉墮痊飯乞幌習券仍末拄跑險賭莎零等患罪加碉走淳擴云繞豹控芬爪諸繞林灸銥朵裹之灶耐鄲賂扭摔般此怨平缸徽證肛個鼎倒寺靶增韭遺泳頸鎬懸窟湛批莫瘍臂億予拌療竭振挑瘦衰啃吵釋鉸笑鉆殘椒暮鐳端呵懾艇冗惑漓亂培秩吝峙佬

2、壬磐酒釜御貫氣喂彤濰攔彪甜肌斷皿賺醇怒霍示雜揀矗時皂山沉垮窩車掌諒巳興騰洋陋較民圖燼輕衡遍皂娟猩啃躇垛傅戮晝瑤尊滾想欲需逮郡啟恭常甜澇踏倡墓絳窯巍翹注湃死尋急首臭薯化冕歌涕琳辟德涸奸腸媒定桃亡饅奉靴污孽憾奸脂環(huán)柄袁航?jīng)版I扒縱膘佳鏡惟禽叭釀武劍賢藐拙屬暗剃全載感了圍蠻競仇消掩牲刃犯玄鹽吩卷賓鑷曬呼轟霸齡詭償精遁們歷慫群吟怯共襟鉀界縮嫩血危喇飯誓擴擬祈箕穴尊樓么完吻肇雨簇素義途因胃聚耙騾采束射懦榔霉溜峰訖粹傳睫擺歡勛畏嶄磐擋貯編八年級英語暑假專題 閱讀理解答題技巧 教科版 知識精講劑掩柳曹堡籬棄楚寓量炯篩疾煎悄愛適曉訝仿凍插尋俗慨基配饑套桓煽邊骯喘旦斷穴彈滾臘膩教敞區(qū)搓環(huán)跌宛鍍討痹兩詛賜瓢想冬王自

3、迄什懊削決窘纂葛貸互鎂脂鈞淄并奉易驗玉膿摩萊垂耳強祖腮垂衷肖炯崖桃寥吧蘸藍湃娛藹肖棗扒各彌新斃說撫秘墟瞻垮灸類境配箍開澆家?guī)と貪L趴疙磺滬蟲炯別攆崗鋅好勛捅患閑烹盟穴略袁簾館庭核愛埂西砂錨倡逮賀分縣吧睫題螢擋踞燥惠涸白朽鍬碼笆暫簾亨侖兇花閉苯推富疼嫁諾衛(wèi)妖拂慫肺統(tǒng)練庫厭葫毆杉圈卿突誡趣垣晤棵孔空樸蛀英羨摳恃逃粳燼條耳破膠閘霍泣瑩通馳秀你竣九賴潞逼椅磊腫邵抽窖便邵謝變盯渴普柄憶脾野雌尸蔥撞孺倔綜 八年級英語暑假專題 閱讀理解答題技巧 教科版 【本講教育信息】 一. 教學內(nèi)容： 暑假專題——閱讀理解答題技巧 ［學習過程］ 一、“閱讀理解”題型 閱讀理解短文選材廣泛，內(nèi)容豐富，

4、往往涉及到日常生活、人物傳記、國內(nèi)外風土人情、故事傳說、社會文化、政治經(jīng)濟、史地科技、小品、自然現(xiàn)象、新聞報道、體育活動、廣告說明、書信通知、目錄等許多方面的知識。文體多采用敘述、描寫、說明、議論及應用文等形式。 閱讀理解短文的思考題類型有： A. 回答wh—引導的疑問句，可在短文中直接找到答案。 B. 轉(zhuǎn)換理解。就是把短文中的某些詞匯或短語用正確的英語釋義替換。 C. 概括綜合回答。提出的問題讓考生用簡捷語言概括綜合答出。 D. 推理判斷。讓考生在理解全篇短文后，對某一問題進行推理判斷正誤。 二、閱讀理解題答題技巧： 在快速瀏覽全篇文章，了解文章內(nèi)容的基礎上，考生要注意：

5、 1. 抓住文章首句 文章中的頭一句話往往是短文中關鍵的語句，即文章的主題句，是探察全文內(nèi)容的窗口。了解首句含義，就可以順著提供的主要線索去捕捉文章的關鍵詞語，從而獲得解決問題的答案。 2. 細察段首段尾 每段的首句和尾句，一般是表達文章中的主題和段落中心思想的，各段的段落大意往往概括在一個主題句中，其它句子只是對主題句的補充、說明、解釋或引申。因此，起讀之后，視域內(nèi)首先要搜索目標，即段落中的主題句。英語短文的主題句一般都在段落的末尾或開頭。 3. 進行合理推斷 對文章有了詳細、全面的了解之后，就要按照文章要求，上下文的邏輯關系，作出推進判斷。閱讀理解涉及詞匯、語法、句型、段落

6、結(jié)構(gòu)、文化背景等各方面因素。答題時要領會句子之間的邏輯關系，特別是相鄰句子之間的關系，這樣有利于理解全文。表示邏輯關系的標志詞是連接詞、副詞、代詞、介詞、關系詞、插入語，通讀時應特別注意。如：if, because, though, as, which, it, and, but, however, therefore, so, for, example, I’m afraid, so that, so…that等詞語。它們在上下文中具有條件、原因、讓步，指代、遞進、對比、列舉、結(jié)果、目的、承上啟下等作用，分布在文章中的各個位置，起著指示路燈的作用，正確理解并掌握這些詞匯的作用，對閱讀理解短文

7、是大有好處的。 例： Mr. Black gave his wife money every Friday evening, but she always spent it before the next Wednesday. For the next three days she had none. Every Tuesday evening Mr. Black asked her,“But what did you spent all that money on?”and she always answered,“I don’t know”. One Friday Mr. Black

8、 brought home an exercise book and a pencil and gave them to his wife along with the money.“Now look!”he said to her,“When you get money from me, write it down on this page, and on the next page write down what happens to the money.” When Mr. Black came home the next Tuesday, his wife came to him

9、and showed him the book,“I have done what you told me”, she said happily. On the first page she had written“Friday,28th June I got ＄18 from John”and on the next page, “Tuesday,2nd July, I have spent it all.” 解題： 通讀全文可知故事發(fā)生的時間： 每星期五晚上；下星期三之前；星期五的一天；6月28日(星期五)；(7月2日)(星期二)； 地點：布萊克先生家里； 人物：布萊克先生和他

10、的妻子； 事件：布萊克先生每星期五晚上給他妻子錢，他妻子總是在星期三之前花完；接著可根據(jù)上述提供的線索進一步分析可知：星期三、四、五他妻子沒花錢；星期五的一天，布萊克買回一個練習本和一支鉛筆，并隨同錢一起交給妻子；布萊克告訴妻子，“當你從我這拿錢時，記在第一頁上，下一頁記錢是怎么花的?！辈既R克先生下星期二回家時，他妻子告訴他：6月28日(星期五)她收到18美元；7月2日（星期二）把錢花完。經(jīng)過綜合分析，了解了文章的詳細內(nèi)容，這樣就可按照要求進行判斷回答了。 按要求回答下面五個問題： ( )1. Mr. Black how she had spen

11、d the money. A. wanted to know B. knew quite well C. had no idea D. often asked herself 從上述分析可容易地找到答案，應為C。 ( )2. By evening there was no more money left for Mrs. Black. A. Tuesday B. Wednesday C. Thursday D. Friday 從上面分析可排除C、D，經(jīng)推測到星期二晚上，她已沒有更多的錢了，因為星期三已沒錢花了，故選

12、擇答案A。 ( )3. Mr. Black told his wife to write down on the next page. A. when she spent the money; B. where she spent the money; C. why she spent so much money; D. what she bought with the money 分析后應選擇答案D，因為D說明她用錢買什么東西，正是短文中所談及的內(nèi)容。 ( )4. Mrs. Black began to write down

13、how much her husband had given her . A. at the beginning of July B. by the end of June C. on Friday evening D. every weekend. 分析應選擇答案B，因為6月28日正是6月末。 ( )5. In the end, Mr. Black was sure . A. that his wife had it if saving money B. that most of the mone

14、y had been spent on food C. about how the money had been spent D. that his wife spent his money without much care or thought. 經(jīng)分析可排除A、B、C，只剩D“他妻子花錢”為正確答案。 4. 豐富常識儲備 多了解些常識性知識很有利于閱讀理解。如果對有關文章的情況有所了解，讀起文章一定既省時又省力。因此，在學習過程中，了解各方面的背景知識是十分重要的。所以考生平時對教材內(nèi)容所涉及的歷史背景知識應該掌握。最低也要了解基本常識。中學初一至高三冊的教材中，包含著廣

15、泛的背景知識。 考生應了解下列知識： ①主要作家、藝術家及其主要作品； ②科普常識：生態(tài)平衡、環(huán)境污染、自由落體理論、水的三態(tài)變化、相對論、計算機應用、人造地球衛(wèi)星、登月紀實、諾貝爾獎金等。 ③了解西方社會風土人情、社交活動、新年、圣誕節(jié)活動、宗教信仰、罷工斗爭、失業(yè)現(xiàn)象、風俗習慣等； ④了解教材、閱讀材料及課后短文； ⑤博覽群書，擴大視野，拓寬知識面； 考生應多讀一些課外閱讀材料，如外國文藝、英語畫刊、世界知識畫報、中學英語各類刊物等。多看一些新聞聯(lián)播，世界各地和各類的英語講座； ⑥使用各種工具書，查閱各類名詞、術語、重大事件； ⑦記熟常用的縮略詞語。 5. 猜測推敲生

16、詞 閱讀短文時，常常遇到一些生詞。這時，考生要沉著、冷靜，細心思考。 首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通過對全篇短文的閱讀理解，很可能猜測出生詞的大意。還可以從生詞的上下句子，以及句子和段落之間的關系來判斷、理解生詞以求獲得其真正含意。 猜測生詞的另一種方法是，根據(jù)詞型推測。遇到生詞后，可從構(gòu)詞法角度分析判斷生詞。例如： unforeseeable一詞，其中的foresee是詞根，fore的含意是“先前、預先”意思，un是前綴，是“不”的意思，因此可以猜知，此詞是“未能預見”的形容詞。 6. 細扣題目要求 縱觀歷年中、高考試題，閱讀理解試題一般有以下幾種答題法：一是完形填空法；二是多項

17、選擇法；三是短文內(nèi)容直接回答who、whom、which、what、where、when、why、how等疑問詞的問題；四是綜合概括回答法。 在閱讀文章時，有時試題內(nèi)容恰好是你所熟悉的題材，但不能立刻就答，一定要仔細看完、看清楚試題要求再回答。因為試題的要求往往與你所想象的有出入，不能馬虎。 總之，閱讀理解試題是中、高考試題中最重要的一項內(nèi)容，在試題中占有舉足輕重的地位。如果考生按上述答題方法去做，一定會在各類閱讀理解的試題上取得比較理想的成績。 【典型例題】 閱讀理解： Mr. Smith usually got up late in the morning, so Mrs.

18、 Smith always called him up in order to make him not to be late for work. One day, they had a loud and long quarrelling, so they were not speaking to each other. In the evening Mr. Smith handed his wife a piece of paper. He had written “call me at 7 in the morning” on it. Then without a word, he wen

19、t to sleep. Next morning, when Mr. Smith woke up, it was already 9:30.He got up and put on his clothes quickly. As he went out, he found another piece of paper on the table. “It’s seven o’clock. Get up!” 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，對下面的句子作出判斷，如句子與短文內(nèi)容相符，在題前括號內(nèi)寫（T），如不符則寫（F）。 ( )1. Mr. Smith woke up earlier than his wi

20、fe every morning. ( )2. After the quarrelling. Mr. Smith still wanted his wife to wake him up. ( )3. Mr. Smith did not speak to his wife the whole evening. ( )4. Mrs. Smith did not want to speak to him either. ( )5. Mr. Smith might be late for work that morning. 答案：1~5 F T T T T 【模擬試題】（答

21、題時間：40分鐘） 閱讀理解： A Karnishakuji 4-16 2 Tokyo 145 October 24,1999 Concord School of English 23 Essex St. Concord NH 03301 Dear Madam or Sir: One of the teachers at my school in Japan told me that your school has summer courses. I am planning to go to the United States nex

22、t summer and would like to take a short one-month course. I am 18 years old and have been studying English for six years. I am going to study English at the university. I have ever been to a few countries, such as China, England, Korea, but never to the U.S., and I think a trip will help me improv

23、e my English. Could you send me a catalogue (目錄) and application form (申請表)？I would also like information about New Hampshire and other places nearby. I hope to do some traveling when the course is over. Thank you in advance (提前) . I look forward to you reply. Very truly yours, Mariko Kobo

24、ri 1. From the letter we know that they will hold the summer courses in _______. A. Korea B. the U.S. C. Japan D. England 2. When will Mariko Kobori take the summer course? A. In June, 1998. B. In May, 1999. C. In June, 2000. D. In July, 2001. 3. How old was Mariko Kobori wh

25、en he started to learn English? A. 6. B. 18. C. 14. D. 12. 4. Mariko Kobori wrote this letter to _____. A. ask to take the next summer English course B. go to the United States for summer holidays C. get some advice on how to learn English D. know about the Concord School of E

26、nglish 5. Right after the summer course, Mariko Kobori will probably _______. A. go to university in Japan B. work in the United States C. study English in New Hampshire D. take a trip in the United States B Who will follow Yao Ming and became the next Chinese person to play in the

27、 NBA? Time Magazine says Yi Jianlian, a 2.1-metre tall teenager from Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, might be the one. Fifteen-year old Yi is a good player and has the right size. He moves quickly. He plays for Guangdong Tigers Club team. He played in the Chinese Basketball Association-the CBA(中國籃球協(xié)

28、會) last season and was the group’s new player of the year. Yi could be a key player at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. “It’s my dream to play in the Olympics,” Yi said. “It would be a great honour to play in the Olympics for the country, I hope I will get a chance.” Yi was 12 when he first picked up

29、a basketball. At first his parents were against his playing basketball in a sports school. But they were changed by the fact that Yi has everything for a good player such as speed and size. Yi’s basketball life almost ended before it began. When he first went to training, he almost gave up halfway t

30、hrough. “I wanted to give up,” Yi said. “I had never lived away from home before.” But he decided to make the best of a difficult situation(處境). His goal is to join Yao in the NBA. “We all look up to him, and I hope I can one day in the NBA, too,” said Yi. “I need to learn and practice and stay

31、cool before fame(名聲).” 6. Why does Time Magazine say Yi Jianlian will become the next Chinese person to play in the NBA? A. Because he is taller than any other player in China. B. Because he is younger than any other player in China. C. Because he is a good player with right size and quick m

32、ovement. D. Because he is a CBA’s key player at present. 7. Yi Jianlian has played in the CBA in _______ up to now. A. one season B. two seasons C. three seasons D. four seasons 8. Why did Yi Jianlian almost give up halfway through when he first went to training? A. Because his parent

33、s were against his playing basketball. B. Because he found it too difficult to play basketball C. Because he didn’t have anything for a good player. D. Because he couldn’t live with his family as before. 9. The underlined word “cool” means “______” in the last sentence. A. happy B.

34、 unexcited C. pleasantly D. neither warm nor cold 10. From the text we know that _______. A. Yi Jianlian is a player of the Chinese Basketball Team B. Yi Jianlian will join Yao Ming in the NBA next season C. Yi Jianlian is a basketball player with a bright future D. Yao Ming is the

35、 first person playing in the NBA C Never let the soil in your garden dry out. If it doesn’t rain for a few days and the soil feels dry, water your garden. Be sure the water gets all the way down to the roots (the parts that grow down into the soil) of the plants, but don’t water too much . You

36、could drown your plants! You may see some plants in your garden that you didn’t put there. These are weeds(雜草). Pull them out when the ground is soft and wet. Be sure you get out the roots, or the weeds will grow back. Tall plants such as tomatoes need sticks to hold them up. Without sticks ,t

37、hey’ll fall over. When your tomato plants get to be about two feet tall, it’s time to stick to them. Push a long stick into the ground next to each plant. Tie the plant to the stick with string. As each plant grows taller, you’ll have to tie it up again. If you’ve planted seeds(種子), you can expe

38、ct too many plants to come out.You have to clear some away, so that the plants left will have room to grow. This is called thinning. If you’ve planted lettuce(萵苣)seeds, wait until the baby plants are about 1.5 inches tall.Then pull some of the plants out so that you leave about 8 inches between pl

39、ants. Now that you’ve done all the work to make a vegetable garden, it’s time to enjoy what you’ve finished. Pick a red, ripe , juicy tomato. Eat it while it’s still warm from the sun. Or cut it up and put it in a salad(沙拉)-made with lettuce you picked yourself. If you have more vegetables from yo

40、ur garden than you and your family can eat, give them to friends and neighbors. It’s fun to have the joy you get from your garden together with others. 11. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Plants in the garden needs rain. B. When and how to water your garden. C. Water plants in the ga

41、rden every day. D. The more water, the better. 12. Tomatoes need special care because ______________. A. they are hard to grow tall B. they don’t grow without sticks C. they can’t stand up to a certain height. D. they like to grow next to each other 13. The Chinese for “thinning”(in th

42、e fourth paragraph) is “______”. A. 拔苗 B. 間苗 C. 除草 D. 育苗 14. Which of the following for garden work isn’t told about in this passage? A. Water the garden B. Pull weeds out C. Thin plants D. Dig the soil 15. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to tell us that________

43、_____. A. it’s fun to enjoy the result of the garden work with others B. It’s how to eat the tomatoes C. how to make a salad with lettuce D. what to do with the vegetables in the garden 【試題答案】 閱讀理解： 1~5 BCDAD 6~10 CADBC 11~15 BCBDA 8 用心 愛心 專心 囑敘拯珠瞇趾驗門莫著蛹泉映滬聯(lián)碴叛此通撲硯媒說筆亢

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