2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 4 Earthquakes（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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Unit 4 Earthquakes ***閱讀理解 My mother grew up in a small coal mining town in southwest Iowa.My grandfather once told me that she knew no stranger and considered everyone in that munity her friend.That attitude continued wherever she lived for the rest of her life. As a young girl, I felt embarrassed and cringed(畏縮) every time my mother addressed strangers in the grocery store or on the city bus.She talked to everyone and offered a smile. What really sold me on Mom’s approach to life was her experience on the senior bus, a story I’ve repeated to others many times.The weeks I could not be there, she used this lowcost transportation to the grocery store.After her first trip, I asked her how it went. “Ha！”she said, “I got on that bus and what did I see？Thirteen little old ladies and one old man, and not one word was spoken.” I wondered how long it would be until the somberness(憂(yōu)郁的氛圍) on that bus would change.On my next visit, Mom mentioned the ladies on the bus and something one of them had told her. “Oh, are you talking with them now？” I asked. “Of course, ”she said.“One day I climbed up the steps of the bus and before I looked for a seat, I gave them a big smile and I said, ‘Isn’t it a wonderful day？’ I noticed a few shy smiles.” Mom didn’t give up.She greeted them all each time she got on the bus and before long, the whole group was laughing and talking to one another.The bus became more than just transportation. She’s been gone for ten years but I’ve carried on her recipe for life.I smile at people as I walk by and often begin a conversation in the checkout line.Silent, solemn(嚴(yán)肅的) people respond with smiles of their own and a bit of chatter.All it takes is for one person to initiate(發(fā)起) the smile or greeting.It was I who had done the smiling first and all those people had responded.My mother didn’t lecture but taught me by example.She’d given me a recipe for life. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要講述了作者的母親積極樂(lè)觀的人生態(tài)度對(duì)作者的影響。 1．How did the writer’s mother break the silence on that senior bus? A．By telling the passengers some jokes. B．By giving each one of the passengers a gift. C．By greeting and smiling at all the passengers. D．By asking the passengers some difficult questions. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中的“I gave them a big smile”可知，母親在老年巴士上是通過(guò)對(duì)車(chē)上所有的乘客微笑來(lái)打破沉默的，故選C。 2．What does the underlined phrase “sold me on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Helped me find. B．Persuaded me to accept. C．Forced me to be against. D．Encouraged me to give up. B　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文中第二段可知，作者剛開(kāi)始是感到尷尬和畏縮的，根據(jù)最后一段的前兩句可推知，作者接受了母親的人生態(tài)度并開(kāi)始向他人展示這種人生態(tài)度，故此處sold me on是指作者“被勸服并接受”。 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．The writer’s mother liked going shopping. B．The writer’s mother used to be a good teacher. C．The writer didn’t like her mother when she was young. D．The writer once doubted her mother’s approach to life. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中作者和母親態(tài)度的對(duì)比以及第五段的第一句可推知，作者之前對(duì)母親的生活態(tài)度是有所質(zhì)疑的，故選D項(xiàng)。 4．The writer wrote this passage in order to ． A．change the behavior and the thinking of its readers towards making friends B．a(chǎn)nalyze why people don’t like municating with each other in public places C．convince people that it is important to know how to municate with strangers D．encourage people to break the barrier to munication and start conversations bravely D　解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容可知，母親通過(guò)經(jīng)常對(duì)他人微笑從而實(shí)現(xiàn)與他人的溝通，創(chuàng)造了一種和諧的交流氛圍，作者由此受益。由此可推知，本文的目的在于呼吁人們打破溝通的障礙，像作者的母親一樣勇敢地和他人交流，故選D。 ***語(yǔ)法填空 The wives who lived within the walls of the Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held: gold, silver, jewels, and wealth beyond belief. Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their __1__ (value) treasure was threatened. Welf, the Duke of Bavaria, sat __2__ (trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle. Outside the castle walls lay the army of Frederick, the Duke of Swabia, __3__ his brother, the Emperor Konrad, __4__ army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within. Although the conquering mander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children, the wives in Weinsberg refused __5__ (leave) without having their own condition met. They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms __6__ as many possessions as they could carry out. Thinking that the women couldnt __7__ (possible) take much, they met their request. When the castle gates opened, the army outside was brought to __8__ (tear): every woman was carrying her husband! Konrad assured the women of their husbands plete __9__ (safe) and freedom. He invited them all to a banquet and __10__ (make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected. Afterwards, the castle was known for womens loyalty. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　 6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了德國(guó)Weinsberg城堡，該城堡以婦女的忠誠(chéng)聞名于世。 1．valuable/invaluable　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎椕~treasure且表示“(極)寶貴的”，故用value的形容詞形式valuable或invaluable。 2．trapped　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞trap和主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“(已經(jīng))被困城堡之內(nèi)”，故用過(guò)去分詞trapped作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。 3．a(chǎn)nd　考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該句中的“Frederick, the Duke of Swabia”和“his brother, the Emperor Konrad”之間是并列關(guān)系，故用and。 4．whose　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，army和先行詞之間是所屬關(guān)系，故用whose引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。 5．to leave　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。refuse to do sth.為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“拒絕做某事”，此處表示，城堡里的婦女要求滿(mǎn)足她們的條件，否則就拒絕離開(kāi)。 6．with　考查介詞。fill (sth.) with sth. 為固定用法，意為“用……填滿(mǎn)……”，故填with。 7．possibly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞take，故用副詞形式。 8．tears　考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。tear為可數(shù)名詞，此處構(gòu)成固定搭配bring sb.to tears，意為“使某人流淚”，故用tear的復(fù)數(shù)形式tears。 9．safety　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)該句中的“plete ... and freedom”可知，形容詞plete修飾空處所填詞，空處與名詞freedom為并列關(guān)系，故用名詞形式safety。 10．made　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“He invited them”及全文時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 ***完形填空 One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire.We didnt see the fire __2__ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I __3__ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in __4__ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)__5__ and knew what to do. __6__ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he __7__ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the __8__ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind __9__，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩滅) out the flames as he moved to the __10__，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate.__11__ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove __12__ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her __13__ eyes. After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became __14__，asking him what other jobs he had done before he __15__.Well，it turned out that he had done just about __16__ except brain surgery! He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had __17__ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as a result of that __18__，but that hasnt stopped him from being a fulltime electrician. To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be __19__ of them，and remember that some day their __20__ might save your life. 1．A.prevented B．permitted C．witnessed D．started 2．A.because B．unless C．a(chǎn)fter D．until 3．A.wanted B．managed C．promised D．happened 4．A.anger B．horror C．excitement D．embarrassment 5．A.carpenter B．electrician C．firefighter D．educator 6．A.Armed B．Satisfied C．Shared D．Identified 7．A.slid B．fell C．dashed D．walked 8．A.trees B．grass C．flames D．flowers 9．A.died off B．took on C．turned out D．picked up 10．A.fence B．truck C．furniture D．bucket 11．A.If B．Once C．Since D．While 12．A.through B．a(chǎn)long C．over D．a(chǎn)cross 13．A.high B．wide C．fast D．far 14．A.curious B．suspicious C．concerned D．a(chǎn)nxious 15．A.moved B．resigned C．retired D．suffered 16．A.everything B．nothing C．something D．a(chǎn)nything 17．A.allowed B．encouraged C．invited D．forced 18．A.fire B．a(chǎn)ccident C．a(chǎn)ttempt D．explanation 19．A.afraid B．proud C．careful D．a(chǎn)shamed 20．A.culture B．learning C．skills D．languages 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文作者通過(guò)講述火災(zāi)中父親撲滅大火的故事，告訴我們?cè)?jīng)在部隊(duì)和做過(guò)其他危險(xiǎn)工作的父親將來(lái)某一天可能會(huì)用他們的技能拯救我們的生命，我們應(yīng)為他們感到驕傲。 【核心詞匯】as a result of由于，因?yàn)?其后跟賓語(yǔ)) be proud of為……感到驕傲 1．D　根據(jù)該句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire”可知，此處表示一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)開(kāi)始了。D項(xiàng)意為“開(kāi)始，使開(kāi)始發(fā)生”，符合語(yǔ)境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允許”；witness“目擊”。 2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的門(mén)的路，我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)大火。此處考查“not...until...”結(jié)構(gòu)。 3．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳過(guò)籬笆，到達(dá)安全地帶，可是大火包圍了我們。manage“設(shè)法做成”；promise“許諾”；happen“發(fā)生”。 4．B　由上文可知，大火包圍了我們，“我”只能驚恐地看著火焰繼續(xù)上升。in horror“驚恐地”；in anger“生氣地”；in excitement“興奮地”；in embarrassment“尷尬地”。 5．C　根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父親曾經(jīng)是一名消防員。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“電工”；educator“教育工作者”。 6．A　本題考查be armed with的省略結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，意為“用……裝備或武裝”，故選A項(xiàng)。satisfied“滿(mǎn)意的，滿(mǎn)足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨認(rèn)的”。 7．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，父親應(yīng)該是沖(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。 8．C　根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指開(kāi)始用水噴向火焰(flames)。 9．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示然而很快，風(fēng)又變強(qiáng)了。pick up“變大，變強(qiáng)”，符合語(yǔ)境。die off“相繼死去，先后死去”；take on“呈現(xiàn)，開(kāi)始具有(某種特征、面貌等)”；turn out“結(jié)果是，證明是”。 10．B　根據(jù)下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父親走向卡車(chē)。 11．B　考查連詞。A項(xiàng)意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；B項(xiàng)意為“一……就……，一旦”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；C項(xiàng)“自……以來(lái)，因?yàn)椋热弧保籇項(xiàng)“當(dāng)……時(shí)候，盡管”。由上下文可知，此處指父親一到達(dá)大門(mén)，就跳進(jìn)了卡車(chē)?yán)?。故選B項(xiàng)。 12．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，父親開(kāi)著卡車(chē)從火中穿過(guò)。through“通過(guò)，穿過(guò)”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物的空間內(nèi)；along“沿著”；over“在……上面”；across“從一邊到另一邊，橫過(guò)”，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在物體的表面。 13．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，父親開(kāi)著卡車(chē)從火中穿過(guò)，火最終被撲滅了，所以母親睜大(wide)眼睛看著父親。 14．A　根據(jù)下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我們是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“懷疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(與某事)有關(guān)的，有牽連的”； anxious“焦慮的，不安的，擔(dān)心的”。 15．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我們問(wèn)父親在退休(retired)之前還做過(guò)其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。 16．A　根據(jù)第三段對(duì)父親退休前工作的描述可知，父親做過(guò)很多事情，所以此處指除了做腦外科手術(shù)之外，父親幾乎什么都做過(guò)。everything except“除了……之外什么都……”符合語(yǔ)境。 17．D　由上下文可知，那場(chǎng)事故迫使(forced)父親退休。 18．B　根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指那場(chǎng)事故(accident)。attempt“嘗試”； explanation“解釋”。 19．B　be proud of “為……感到驕傲”符合語(yǔ)境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞恥的，內(nèi)疚的，慚愧的”。 20．C　根據(jù)上文可知，此處指他們的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。 ***短文改錯(cuò) Im writing this email to ask you for help. As an English song lover, I have a strong desire to taking part in the English song contest to be held in next month. The song Ive decided to sing was Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me anything about the background informations of the song. Whats more, could you spend some time listening to the song and giving myself some advice? Since youre native English speaker and expert in singing, I sincere hope you can give me a hand. I would appreciate it whether you could send me a reply at your earliest convenient. Thank you in advance. 答案： Im writing this email to ask you for help. As an English song lover, I have a strong desire to part in the English song contest to be held next month. The song Ive decided to sing Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me about the background of the song. Whats more, could you spend some time listening to the song and giving some advice? Since youre native English speaker and expert in singing, I hope you can give me a hand. I would appreciate it you could send me a reply at your earliest . Thank you in advance. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第二處：去掉next前的in　考查介詞。表示時(shí)間的名詞前面有l(wèi)ast, next等修飾時(shí)，前面不用介詞。故將in去掉。 第四處：anything→something　考查代詞。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)該是告訴“我”“一些事情(something)”，而不是“任何事情(anything)”。故將anything改為something。 第九處：whether→if　考查連詞。whether和if作“是否”講，有時(shí)可以互換，但是此處應(yīng)表示的是條件，意為“如果”，這時(shí)只能用if。故將whether改為if。 ***