2019高考英語 語法突破四大篇 第三部分 專題4 數(shù)詞課件.ppt

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Grammar 第三部分詞法篇 代詞 冠詞 介詞和數(shù)詞 專題1代詞專題2冠詞專題3介詞專題4數(shù)詞 PART1 高頻考點清單 PART2 重溫高考真題 PART3 熱考點集訓(xùn) 專題4數(shù)詞 PART4 綜合演練 PART1 高頻考點清單 框架結(jié)構(gòu)圖 基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及作用 1 常用基數(shù)詞表 2 基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成歌訣1至12逐個記 13至19teen結(jié)尾 20至90整十位 ty結(jié)尾是后綴 要是表示 幾十幾 連字符十位連個位 若要表示 幾百幾 hundred之后and立 若要用于復(fù)合形容詞 連字符相連不加 s 注意 1 hundred thousand million billion等詞前有基數(shù)詞或several時 須用單數(shù) 與of連用時 用復(fù)數(shù) 但其前面不能再加數(shù)詞 如 sixhundredpeoplehundredsofpeople 2 dozen前有具體數(shù)詞修飾時 用單數(shù) of可省略 當(dāng)dozen后面接these those them us等詞時 須先接of 再接這些詞 但dozen仍不加 s dozensof中的of不可省 score用法和dozen相當(dāng) 但of一般不省略 severaldozenpencilsdozensofstudentsthreedozenoftheseeggstwodozenofthemtwoscoreofeggsscoresofbooks3 基數(shù)詞的位置常位于another all之后 such more之前 可置于last next other之前或之后 anothertwodaysallthetenbooksonemoreappletwosuchpenshislasttwodays histwolastdays 4 基數(shù)詞的句法功能 1 主語Threewillbeenough 2 賓語Thecityhasapopulationofthreemillion 3 表語Thepopulationofthiscityisnearlytwomillion 4 同位語Theytwowenttothecinema 5 定語Theriverisabouteightmileslong 1 常用序數(shù)詞表 序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及作用 注意 21以上的多位數(shù)詞 只將末位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞 前面的其他位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞 如 21st twenty first 22nd twenty second 33rd thirty third 100th onehundredth2 序數(shù)詞的句法功能 1 定語thefirstdayoftheweekmyfirstvisittoBeijing 2 表語Youarethefirsttoleave 3 主語Thesecondwasevenworse 4 同位語Tom thefirst ishere 5 賓語Doyoupreferthefirstorthesecond 注意 序數(shù)詞前一般要加定冠詞the或形容詞性物主代詞 Thisisthefirstone ThisishersecondvisittoJapan 序數(shù)詞前有時可用不定冠詞a 此時不強(qiáng)調(diào)順序 a 序數(shù)詞 相當(dāng)于another 表示 又一個 再一個 You dbettertryathirdtime 1 用于構(gòu)成分?jǐn)?shù) 百分?jǐn)?shù) 小數(shù)onethirdtwothirds two thirdstwo fifthsofthestudentsthirtypercentofthewatersixpointfour注意 表示幾分之幾 或百分之幾 的人或物時 須在分?jǐn)?shù) 或百分?jǐn)?shù) 和人或物之間加of 若充當(dāng)主語 謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致 如 Seventypercentofherinewasspentonclothes 數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用 2 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法 1 A 謂語 倍數(shù) as 原級 as BThebagistwiceasbigasthatone 2 A 謂語 倍數(shù) asmany much 名詞 as BIhavetwiceasmanybooksashe does 3 A 謂語 倍數(shù) 比較級 than BThisclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthanours 4 A 謂語 倍數(shù) thesize width length height depth等 of BYourpieceofbreadisthreetimesthesizeofmine 注意 表達(dá)倍數(shù)時 常用half表示 一半 用double或twice表示 兩倍 用基數(shù)詞 times表示三或三倍以上 3 日期的表達(dá) 1 某年 in 數(shù)字in2018 2 某月 in 月份inMay 3 某年某月 in 月 年inMay2018 4 某年某月某日 on 月 日 on 日 月 年onMay1 st 1 st May 2018 4 時刻的表達(dá)twenty onepast aftereight或eighttwenty onefourto ofnine或eightfifty sixhalfpasteight或eightthirtyaquarterto often或nineforty five5 年代的表達(dá)theearly1920s 1920 stheearlytwentiesthemid eighties 6 其他特殊表達(dá) 1 表示 每一段時間 或 每隔 everythreedays everyfourthdayeveryotherdayeveryfewdays 2 表示年齡inone steensinone stwentiesattheageof17 Heistwentyyearsold Heisamanoftwenty Heisatwenty year oldman 3 用于習(xí)語中oneatatimeonebyonetenoutoften 1 數(shù)詞的拼寫錯誤fourty 誤 forty 正 ninty 誤 ninety 正 nineth 誤 ninth 正 twentith 誤 twentieth 正 twentieth first 誤 twenty first 正 threefifth 誤 threefifths 正 the2thofFebruary 誤 the2ndofFebruary 正 OneThousandOneNights 誤 OneThousandandOneNights 正 書面表達(dá)中數(shù)詞易錯點聚焦 2 特殊表達(dá)中的錯誤everyotherdays 誤 everyotherday 正 inhistens 誤 inhisteens 正 severaldozensofthem 誤 severaldozenofthem 正 moretwodays 誤 twomoredays anothertwodays 正 You dbettertrythethirdtime 誤 You dbettertryathirdtime 正 PART2 重溫高考真題 單句語法填空1 Actually thislatestchildren sversion belongingtoaprogramtitledXiaoXigu literally youngartists isinhonorofthe thirty anniversaryofthe1987work praisedasthemostclassic 2018 安徽皖北協(xié)作區(qū)高三聯(lián)考 答案 解析 解析 the 序數(shù)詞 表示特指 第幾個 故填thirtieth thirtieth 1 2 3 2 Iamstillthankfultomyuncleforteachingmetorideabikeonmy nine birthday 2017 東北師范大學(xué)附中模擬 答案 解析 解析句意為 我依舊感謝叔叔在我九歲生日 第九個生日 時教我學(xué)會騎自行車 ninth 1 2 3 3 Hemissedthegoldinthehighjump butwillgetsecondchanceinthelongjump 2012 大綱全國 答案 解析 解析在序數(shù)詞前用a 則表示 再次 還有 之意 a 1 2 3 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 1 Iammorethanhappytoknowyougotafirstprizeinthespeechcontest 2018 湖南張家界三模 答案 解析 解析thefirstprize為固定用法 意為 第一名 一等獎 而且英語中表示順序的序數(shù)詞前一般用the來表示順序 所以句中的afirstprize中的a要改為the the 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 Duringthesixthdays aseriesofEnglishactivitieswereorganized 2018 云南師大附中模擬 答案 解析 解析during后接時間段 此處表示六天 故用基數(shù)詞 如果表達(dá)在第六天 則說onthesixthday six 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday Itookdrivinglessons 2017 全國 答案 解析 解析表達(dá)多少歲生日用序數(shù)詞 因此eighteen應(yīng)該改為eighteenth eighteenth 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas 2017 全國 答案 解析 解析句意為 我仍然記得第一天有多艱難 表示第幾天 序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the或者用限定詞進(jìn)行修飾 the my 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 It sabigcitywithapopulationofabout7millions 2017 河南畢業(yè)班高考適應(yīng)性練習(xí) 答案 解析 解析million前有基數(shù)詞7 須用單數(shù) million 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 Iwanttohaveapenfriend hopefullyagirlintheearlytwenties andwithinterestssimilartomine 2017 河南六市聯(lián)考 解析表示不確定的年齡 用inone s 逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 her 1 2 3 4 5 6 答案 解析 PART3 熱考點集訓(xùn) 單句語法填空1 There be onedeskandthreechairsintheroom 2 What sthedatetoday It sthe four ofJuly 3 Therearebusestothestationevery twenty minute 4 Shewasthefirstwoman win thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames 5 Inordertofindabetterjob hedecidedtostudysecondforeignlanguage 查看答案 is fourth towin twentieth a 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 1 Twohundreddollarsarenotlargeforus andit seasyforustogainintwodays 2 Everyyear millionofpeoplediefromillnesscausedbysmoking 3 IhavealreadygottwolettersfromSusanthisyear andthisisathirdone 4 WearetoldthatProfessorChenlivesonthetwenty twofloorofthisbuilding 5 Two fifthsofthemachineondisplayarenewitems is 查看答案 millions the twenty second machines 數(shù)詞填空 數(shù)詞專練 Thereare1 seasonsinayear spring summer autumnandwinter Ayearcanalsobedividedinto2 months Eachmonthisdividedinto3 periods thefirst themiddleandthelastten dayperiod Mother sDayfallsonthe4 SundayofMaywhileFather sDayonthe5 SundayofJuneeveryyear The6 monthoftheyearisDecember Thereare7 pleteweeksplusanextraday or8 inayearbecausethereare9 daysinamonyearbut10 daysinaleapyear 查看答案 four twelve three second third twelfth fifty two two threehundredandsixty five three hundredandsixty six PART4 綜合演練 詞法篇 代詞 冠詞 介詞和數(shù)詞 單句語法填空 一 1 Wecanrelax we whilereadingherblog 2 Thatyoungmanishonest cooperative alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp short he sreliable 3 Asuccessfullearnerisanindependentone whohasadeterminedwillandamazingpatience 4 TheyareheadingforFloridafor they honeymoonandplantoframethetreasuredpictureassoonastheygetback 5 ThedictionaryiswhatIwant butIdon thaveenoughmoneyme 查看答案 ourselves In their both with 6 Shedidnothesitateforlong althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease he 7 theend theyoungmenfoundthatworkinghardistrulyatreasureinitself 8 Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthaninsomelargerschools 9 Thisregionishomemanyspeciesofwildflowers 10 SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomontopfloor 11 Atthebadnews thewomanputherhandshereyesandcriedout 查看答案 him In to that over the 12 Ifyoukeeponwriting youwillhavebrighterfuture likelytobeeaJ K Rowling 13 Ihatewhensomeonemakesamessofmylearningmaterialsonmydesk 14 Awoman sittingnexttheboy discoveredhewasonaschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop 15 Weusedtomistakethatheavyobjectsfellfasterthanlight 查看答案 a it ones to 二 16 Theproblemshouldbehandledverycarefullytobalancetheneedsofpeoplewithofnature 17 Hesaidwasnotnicetoeatmeatwithone sfingersbecausetheywerenotalwaysclean 18 Thedriverwasatlosswhenwordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding 19 Heknewverywellthehareranahundredtimesfasterthanhe him did 20 JohnnyCarsonbeganhiscareerintelevisioninhis twenty 查看答案 those it himself a twenties 21 Whetherit syourbirthdayorafriendorfamilymember s decoratingyourhomecanbeasenjoyableastheparty it 22 Freshair sunlightandenoughphysicalexerciseareneededahealthybody 23 Soifyouhavenotpreparedenough havingsomeindooramusementsisalsogoodchoice whichmaybemuchcheaperandeasiertocarryout 24 Nevermind Isaid Atleastyou llknowwhenyourtrain slate I willbe too 25 Myfatherisstoutandstrong aseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes 查看答案 itself for mine a with 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 一 1 AnaccidenthappeninginarainySundayafternoonchangedmyattitude 2 Ithinkitgoodhabitthatinoursparetimewereadmorebooksofgreatuse 3 Yesterday oneofmyfavoritestampswaslost whichmademereallyupset Ilookedforiteverywhereandaskedeverybodyintheroom butstillIcouldn tfindthem on it 查看答案 a 4 Toimprovemygrades Ipaidmoreattentionfortheteachers talkinginclass 5 ThreeyearsagoIfailedanimportantexaminmylifeandbecameastudentinaordinaryschool 6 Itispossiblethatsomeofwemayhaveabrotherorsister 7 ClassestaughtinEnglishprovidestudentsforabetterlanguageenvironment 8 Forthesakeofoursafetyandtheothers safety weshouldobeythetrafficrules to an us 查看答案 with 9 AsIwaswaitingmyordertoe Inoticedanoldmaninawheelchairrollhimselfovertoatable 10 I vebeenverybusyrecently forI vebeenpreparingforingexam whichisvitalformeandmyfuturelife 11 I vealwaysbeendreamingofhavinganopportunitytotravelinEnglish speakingcountrieslikeyourtopractiseandimprovemyEnglish yours 查看答案 for the 12 Uptonow hehasbeememberofourfamilyandeveryonehasenjoyedhispany 13 Afterclass Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmatewouldhavedroppedoutofschoolifshehadn tbeenhelpedwithothers 14 IfIhavesuchapenfriend Ithinkwecanshareourtravellingexperienceswitheachother takingcareofpets orwhateverwehavesomethinginmon 15 Therewasonceaelderlywomaninanursinghome by an 查看答案 a 二 16 Inmiddleoftheterm Ibecameoneofthebestplayersinmyschool 17 ItakegreatprideofthisexperiencebecauseitnotonlyhelpsmerealizethatIcanachievemypotentialthroughhardwork butmakesmeknowtheproverb Practicemakesperfect 18 LastSundayIsawaworststorminyears Itcamesuddenlyandwentonforoverthreehours in the 查看答案 the 19 Wealllovethosethingssomuchthatwetravelthousandofmilestobearoundpeoplewholovethethingsthatwelovethewaythatwelovethem 20 Iputalittleoil saltandsugaronthesteakandmixedittogether 21 First beawareofyouradvantagesandacceptyou 22 Alargenumberofstudentsattendedtothecontestandshowedtheirwonderfulperformances thousands them yourself 查看答案 23 Onthestage thoughfacinggreatpressure thespeakersbravelyovercameitandchallengedthemtoachievegreatsuccess 24 Throughsuchactivity weknowalotmoreaboutourstudents 25 Alsomovinguponthelistthisyearisspinach 菠菜 whichjumpsfromtheeighttothesecondmostpollutedproduct themselves eighth 查看答案 an 語法填空 2018 吉林長春四模 Nomatterwhereyouare humansareconstantlymeasuringandcheckingtime Someofusaregoodatit planninganddoingthingsaheadoftime 1 othersarealwaystryingtobeattheclockanddothingsattheeleventhhour 解析1 答案 while 解析考查連詞 該空的前后兩句話之間是對比關(guān)系 所以這里應(yīng)該填連詞while 返回 Tardiness 拖拉 canbeserious Ifyou2 be oneminutelateforwork wouldyouresign Itmaysoundextreme butthatisexactly3 occurredintheUKupperchamberofparliament theHouseofLords inJanuary2018 InternationaldevelopmentministerLordBatesarrivedoneminutelate and asaresult wasunabletoanswera4 schedule question Insteadoftrying5 make upforlosttime asmanymightdo heresignedon6 spot Heapologizedforhisdiscourtesy 無禮 andstatedthathewasashamed Hisresignation though 7 reject bytheUKprimeminister 答案 were what scheduled 解析7 解析6 解析5 解析4 解析3 解析2 tomake the wasrejected 解析考查虛擬語氣 本句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 即非真實條件句 此處是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬 所以這里be動詞為were 返回 解析考查連接代詞 本句是表語從句 從句中缺少主語 這里的主語指代的是事情 所以用what 返回 解析考查形容詞 在冠詞a和名詞question之間應(yīng)該用形容詞 所以把schedule變成形容詞形式scheduled 預(yù)定的 返回 解析考查動詞不定式 固定搭配trytodosth 努力做某事 所以這里填tomake 返回 解析考查定冠詞 固定短語onthespot 在現(xiàn)場 句意為 他并沒有像許多人那樣 試圖彌補(bǔ)失去的時間 而是當(dāng)場辭職 所以這里應(yīng)該填冠詞the 返回 解析考查時態(tài) 語態(tài)和主謂一致 根據(jù)本段時態(tài)和句意可知 主語resignation和reject為動賓關(guān)系 故用過去時的被動形式 句意為 盡管他的辭呈被英國首相拒絕了 故用wasrejected 返回 So howlateistoolate Manyculturestakepunctualityveryseriously Incontrast othersseemtoviewtardiness8 justthenormalwayofthings Whatisconsideredacceptableisbasedonculture Thatis ifyoudon tmindwaiting itmightbebesttoattendyour9 appoint ingoodtime Andiftheworstestotheworst remembertheoldEnglishproverb 10 well latethannever 答案 解析10 解析9 as appointment s 語篇解讀 解析8 Better 語篇解讀這是一篇說明文 文章主要討論了不同文化中人們對遲到的不同看法 返回 解析考查介詞 固定搭配view as 把 看作 句意為 相比之下 其他人似乎認(rèn)為遲到是正常的事情 所以這里填as 返回 解析考查名詞 形容詞性物主代詞后面應(yīng)該跟名詞 句意為 如果你不介意等的話 最好在合適的時間去參加你的約會 所以這里填appointment s 返回 解析考查比較級 英語諺語 Betterlatethannever 遲做總比不做好 所以這里應(yīng)該填Better 返回 短文改錯 2018 廣東深圳一調(diào) Iwokeuplatelyyesterdaybecausemyalarmclockdidn tring Withnotimeforthebreakfast Irushedoutofmyhouse Ihadintendedtocatchthe7 30subway andIdidn tmakeit Havelittletimeleft Itakeataxiinstead Iarrivedattheschoolonlyfind withgreatsadnessmixedwithsomerelief thattheschoolwhereshouldhavebeenfullofstudentswasempty 查看答案 late but Having took to that which ItwasSaturday However ourillluckshowednosignofingatanend WhenIreturnedhome Ifoundmyselflockout Ihadforgottentobringthekey Justmyluck my to locked 查看答案