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1、To learn to use question words + to-infinitivesTo learn to use must and have to handhand inand so onreviewreturnon timerenewvi. 交；遞，給交；遞，給上交，遞交上交，遞交等等等等n. 評論評論vt. 歸還歸還準(zhǔn)時準(zhǔn)時vt. 續(xù)借；更新；重新開始續(xù)借；更新；重新開始Words and phrases reviewLook at the following sentences.1. Some dogs just dont know how to have fun. (七年級
2、上冊七年級上冊 U4)2. Im thinking about what to wear. (七年級上冊七年級上冊 U8) 3. Eddie, I think we have to go up again. (七年級下冊七年級下冊 U4)4. We dont have to feed her much. (七年級下冊七年級下冊 U8)5. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo? (P48) 6. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. (P48) 7. I did no
3、t know what to say either. (P51)8. “I must run away from them,” I thought, but I did not know how to get away. (P51)Gulliver didnt know what to say.Gulliver didnt know how to get away.Use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb. Using question words + to-infinitives1. Millie has decided .(
4、讀什么)2. Daniel didnt say .(與誰聊天)3. Simon forgot .(何時與朋友見面)4. Sandy is wondering .(去哪里尋求幫助)5. Amy doesnt know .(如何寫報告)what to readwho to talk towhen to meet friendswhere to ask for helphow to write the reportAll question words can be used with a to-infinitive, except why.She will explain why to recomm
5、end this book.She will explain why she recommends this book.e.g. Millie has decided what to read. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.Simon forgot when to meet his friends. Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.Amy does not know how to write
6、 the report.Lets pay attention to who takes action.疑問詞疑問詞+to do 構(gòu)成簡單句，這個構(gòu)成簡單句，這個簡簡單句的主語單句的主語(subject)與與主句的主語主句的主語一一致致I wonder when the meeting will end.He doesnt know what he can do next.Tom showed us how the police caught the thief.Nobody can tell where the plane has gone.He is interested in how he
7、 can look after a pet.He didnt know where he could find other people. where to find other peopleHe didnt know how he could break the ropes. how to break the ropesHe wondered who he could ask for help. who to ask for helpAt last, he found out what he could do with the tiny men. what to do with the ti
8、ny menAnd he decided when he should leave Lilliput. when to leave LilliputI only care about what to eat. I want to introduce foodie guider .Foodie guider is a useful book. Its all about what to eat. There is also a map at the end of the book. It tells you where to find nice food . It also shows you
9、which bus to take. V V+ + 賓語賓語+ + 疑問詞疑問詞+ + to do to do V + 賓語賓語+ 疑問詞疑問詞+ to doadvise, ask, decide, discuss find out, forget, know, learn remember, say, show, teach think, understand, wonderFoodie guider is a useful book. Its all about what to eat. There is also a map at the end of the book. It tell
10、s you where to find nice food . It also shows you which bus to take. V+疑問詞疑問詞+n+ to dowhatwhichwhosehow many/how muchEg:我們還沒決定住哪個房間。我們還沒決定住哪個房間。We havent decided which room to live in.他們在討論暑假去幾個地方游玩。他們在討論暑假去幾個地方游玩。They are discussing how many places to visit in the summer holiday.PS: Im not sure how
11、 much money to take. The book doesnt mention(提及提及) it. I think the more, the better.adjadj+ + 疑問詞疑問詞+ + to doto do在在“疑問詞疑問詞 + 動詞不定式動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)前，結(jié)構(gòu)前，有時也可以是如有時也可以是如sure, clear等的形容詞。等的形容詞。Eg:1.我不確定怎樣照顧電子狗。我不確定怎樣照顧電子狗。 2. 你清楚下一步該做什么嗎？你清楚下一步該做什么嗎？ Im not sure how to look after an e-dog.Are you clear what to
12、 do next?LETS WORK OUT THE RULES1.動詞動詞+疑問詞疑問詞+to do2.動詞動詞+賓語賓語+疑問詞疑問詞+to do3.動詞動詞+疑問詞疑問詞+名詞名詞+ to do4.形容詞形容詞+ 疑問詞疑問詞+ to do Amy: Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books. Have you decided_ first, Daniel?Daniel: Yes. I want to read Black Beauty first. But I dont know _the book first.Amy: You c
13、an try our school library or Sunshine Library. Oh, did you know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days? He wants to find out _ around the world in such a short time. which to readwhere to findtravelhow tohowwhatwhenwhere whichwhoask for find hand in readtravel write aboutDaniel: Wow, thats
14、 amazing! By the way, can you tell me _our book report?Amy: Before next Friday. Im still not sure _ in the report.Daniel: You can write anything about your bookwhat the book is about, what you think of it and so on. You should read some reviews about the book before writing.Amy: Thank you. Anyway, I
15、 know _Help with writing. Mr Wu is always there to help. whowhat whenask for hand in write aboutwhen to hand inwhat towrite aboutwho to ask for 他想知道明天在哪會見他的朋友。 昨天她問我們何時上交工作。 我們正在商量去參觀哪個地方。 我不確定明天怎么去上學(xué)。 她不能決定買哪條裙子。 SummaryHe wonders where to meet his friends tomorrow.She asked us when to hand in the
16、work yesterday.We are discussing which place to visit.Im not sure how to go to school tomorrow.She cant decide which skirt to buy.Gulliver was tied to the ground. So he must run away.Study is very important. So we must study hard.We use must when the speaker feels that something is necessary.Gullive
17、r was tied to the ground. He has to lie on the ground.Grandma is ill. She has to see the doctor.We use have to when the situation makes something necessary.must與與have to是兩個常用的情態(tài)動詞，是兩個常用的情態(tài)動詞，兩詞后面都接動詞原形。在使用時，應(yīng)注兩詞后面都接動詞原形。在使用時，應(yīng)注意兩詞間的差別。意兩詞間的差別。must 表示主語表示主語“有義務(wù)有義務(wù)”的的“必須必須”做做某事，強調(diào)說話人的主觀看法，主要用于某事，強調(diào)說話人
18、的主觀看法，主要用于肯定句和疑問句；肯定句和疑問句；must 還可以表示肯定還可以表示肯定推測，意思是推測，意思是“一定一定”。have to 強調(diào)的是客觀需要，意思是強調(diào)的是客觀需要，意思是“不不得不得不”。have to 有人稱和數(shù)的變化。有人稱和數(shù)的變化。I must work hard at my lessons. 我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)功課。我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)功課。(主觀意愿）主觀意愿）I have to look after mother at home. For she is ill. 我得在家照看媽媽，因為她病了。我得在家照看媽媽，因為她病了。(客觀客觀需要）需要）It is gettin
19、g dark. He has to go home now.天快黑了。他現(xiàn)在得回家了。天快黑了。他現(xiàn)在得回家了。(客觀需要）客觀需要）must的否定形式是的否定形式是must not，其縮寫為，其縮寫為mustnt，表示禁止，意思是，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不能，不許不許”。have to的否定形式是的否定形式是do not have to，其，其縮寫為縮寫為dont have to。 You mustnt make any noise in class.上課時你們不許吵鬧。上課時你們不許吵鬧。You dont have to water the flowers. For it is goin
20、g to rain.你們不必澆花了，因為要下雨了。你們不必澆花了，因為要下雨了。Complete the following sentences with must, mustnt, Complete the following sentences with must, mustnt, have to, dont have to.have to, dont have to.1.You keep quiet in the library.2.You keep the books clean and tidy.3.You draw or write in the books.4.You eat o
21、r drink in the library.5.You return the books on time, if you want to keep them longer, you renew them.6.You bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library car.mustmustmustntmustnthave tohave todont have to不定式可以和疑問代詞不定式可以和疑問代詞who, what, which及疑問副詞及疑問副詞wh
22、en, how, where等連用，構(gòu)等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句子中作主語、賓語、成不定式短語，在句子中作主語、賓語、表語等。表語等。must表示主觀的義務(wù)和必要，意思是表示主觀的義務(wù)和必要，意思是“必必須，得，要須，得，要”，否定形式是，否定形式是must not,表示禁止，不能，不許。表示禁止，不能，不許。have to表示一種客觀的需要，意思是表示一種客觀的需要，意思是“不不得不得不”，否定形式是，否定形式是do not have to。1. Im going on a field trip but I havent decided _. (2007河南河南) A. what to d
23、o B. to do what C. where to go D. to go where2. Excuse me. Would you please tell me _ buy a digital camera? (2007安徽安徽) A. what to B. where to C. what I can D. where can I I. 單項選擇。單項選擇。3. This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me _, Wang Lin? Sure. (2008陜西陜西) A. what to work it out B. wh
24、at to work out it C. how to work it out D. how to work out it 4. We need a new leader for our Helping Hands Club, but I dont know _. Why not Mary? She is always willing to help others. (2011江蘇南通江蘇南通) A. what to choose B. how to choose C. when to choose D. who to choose5. The math problem is so hard.
25、 I really dont know _. (2012甘肅雞西甘肅雞西) A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it6. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the nearest post office? Sorry, I am new here. (2013山東威海山東威海) A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can 7. Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? Sure. Park it
26、 right here. Ill help you. (2013山東青島山東青島) A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park8. _ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here. (2012廣東廣東) A. Must; cant B. May; must C. Can; mustnt D. Cant; can 9. Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? Yes, Im afraid we _.
27、 Thats the traffic rule. (2013河南河南) A. can B. may C. have to D. need10. Students in our school _ know shouting is not allowed in the library. (2013山東萊蕪山東萊蕪) A. can B. may C. must D. need1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always cant decide _ one to buy.2. My grandfather doesnt know _ to use a com
28、puter.3. - Will you please show me _ to drive a car? - Yes, of course. Now let me tell you _ to do first.4. I will tell Lucy _ and _ to meet.whichhowhowwhatwhenwhereII. 選用選用how, which, what, when, where填空。填空。 Andy doesnt know _.what to wearIII. 看圖完成句子?？磮D完成句子。Millie cant decide _.which book to buyThe
29、y dont know _ to the station.how to goI dont know how _ from a library.to borrow books IV. 翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。1. Have you decided _ _ (怎樣度假怎樣度假)?2. I dont know _ (在會上說什么在會上說什么).3. Can you tell me _ (在哪里能買到這本書在哪里能買到這本書)? your holidayhow to spendwhat to say at the meetingwhere to buy this book4. Drivers _ (必須系必須系 安全帶安全帶) while their cars are running on the road.5. _ (必須必須) I finish my homework now? No, _ (你沒必要你沒必要). Your work is over today. Mustyou dont have tomust wear seat belts
江蘇省南京市長城中學(xué)八年級英語下冊 Unit 4 A good read grammar課件2 （新版）牛津版
