全國(guó)卷2019屆高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題三完形填空講義.doc

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專(zhuān)題三 完形填空 因淡化首句信息而導(dǎo)致耗時(shí)費(fèi)力 　 完形填空一般無(wú)標(biāo)題，首句一般不設(shè)空，這是為了給考生提供 利用首句信息 進(jìn)行推斷 一個(gè)清晰而完整的背景。記敘文首句往往介紹事件發(fā)生的時(shí) 間、地點(diǎn)、人物和起因等細(xì)節(jié)信息，說(shuō)明文和議論文一般通過(guò) 文章首句點(diǎn)明全文的主題。仔細(xì)分析文章的首句，往往能獲取 許多解題信息，從而節(jié)省考生的做題時(shí)間。 1．利用首句可以幫助我們判斷文章的體裁，捕捉文章的要素，預(yù)測(cè)故事的發(fā)展。 [典例1]　 (2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. 直接信息 首句點(diǎn)明了故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、人物以及事件(免費(fèi)課程)，由此可以基本判定本文為記敘文 預(yù)測(cè)信息 下文很可能介紹作者大學(xué)期間學(xué)習(xí)象棋課程及它對(duì)作者生活的影響 [典例2]　 (2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) A Toronto man is offering a free roundtheworld air ticket to the right woman. 直接信息 首句介紹了一個(gè)來(lái)自多倫多的男人贈(zèng)送環(huán)球航空票的故事，由此可以基本判定本文應(yīng)是記敘文 預(yù)測(cè)信息 后文中很可能講述為什么免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送機(jī)票以及能得到免費(fèi)機(jī)票女士的條件(the right woman) 2.利用首句可抓住文章的核心及中心話(huà)題，這對(duì)于理解全文和解題有著重要的啟示作用。 [典例1]　 (2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. 直接信息 首句“高中和大學(xué)教育的區(qū)別：前者不鼓勵(lì)探索，而后者鼓勵(lì)探索?！敝苯狱c(diǎn)明文章的中心話(huà)題 預(yù)測(cè)信息 下文很可能是作者在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷和感受 [典例2]　 (2018江蘇高考)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. 直接信息 首句點(diǎn)明了“Raynor Winn和她丈夫Moth因?yàn)橥顿Y失誤變得無(wú)家可歸” 預(yù)測(cè)信息 下文很可能講述夫婦倆面臨絕境后的生活狀況 (鋪陰影的題目為“可利用首句信息解題”) A 體裁 話(huà)題 詞數(shù) 限時(shí) 記敘文 孤寡老人建游泳池 289 15分鐘 Keith Davison, 94, is struggling since losing his beloved wife of 66 years, Evy.To take his attention away from his 1 ， the retired judge built a pool into his backyard, and 2 all those in his neighborhood to play anytime they’d like.He hoped that the 3 of water splashing (飛濺) and children playing would 4 the silence that has engulfed (吞沒(méi)) his home in the days after Evy’s passing.“I had a 5 life, and after my wife 6 ， that ended，” says Davison.“You get used to having a person there to enjoy life with, and now this place is so 7 .” The neighborhood children have been lining up to play since the pool opened.Davison’s only 8 is that a child’s parent must be 9 to take care of them.Jessica Huebner, a neighbor of Davison, says that Davison and Evy were always 10 to the kids in the neighborhood.“It’s about spreading 11 and happiness to our neighborhood and these children 12 he sees them as the face of the future，” says Huebner.“He is just a very kind man.” Huebner 13 brings cookies and homecooked meals to Davison to show her 14 for what he has done.“He built the pool for us and our children, 15 we can do more to visit with him，” she says.“That’s what he wants; he wants to 16 with the kids.” Still, Davison is 17 the absence of his wife.The walls of the house still remind him of her, because she 18 them to her taste, something he very much 19 .But Davison thinks Evy would be happy to see the neighborhood having so much 20 in their backyard.He just wishes she was there to see it. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。美國(guó)一位94歲的老人在自家后院建了一座免費(fèi)游泳池，既給附近的孩子們提供了一個(gè)解暑、玩耍的地方，同時(shí)也緩解了自己失去妻子的痛苦與寂寞。 1．A.fear　　　　　　　　　 B．sadness C．sickness D．worry 解析：選B　根據(jù)首句中的“l(fā)osing his beloved wife of 66 years”可知，Davison想從失去妻子的“悲傷(sadness)”中解脫出來(lái)。 2．A.invited　　　　　　　　 B．a(chǎn)dvised C．inspired D．expected 解析：選A　游泳池建好后，Davison“邀請(qǐng)(invited)”附近的孩子們來(lái)玩耍。 3．A.colors B．sounds C．effects D．problems 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“the silence that has engulfed (吞沒(méi)) his home”可知，Davison希望孩子們玩鬧潑水的“聲音(sounds)”能“掩蓋(mask)”家里的靜寂。mask此處用作動(dòng)詞。 4．A.remember B．keep C．bring D．mask 解析：選D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 5．A.secret 　　　　　　　　 B．difficult C．happy D．traditional 解析：選C　根據(jù)首句中的“his beloved wife of 66 years, Evy”和下文中的“having a person there to enjoy life with”可知，妻子過(guò)世前，他們過(guò)著“幸福的(happy)”生活。 6．A.died 　　　　　　　 　 B．retired C．escaped D．returned 解析：選A　根據(jù)首句中的“l(fā)osing his beloved wife”和“after Evy’s passing”可知，Davison的妻子“去世(died)”后，幸福生活也結(jié)束了。 7．A.cold B．dirty C．quiet D．crowded 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“the silence that has engulfed (吞沒(méi)) his home”可知，現(xiàn)在的家里很“安靜(quiet)”。 8．A.movement B．development C．requirement D．a(chǎn)chievement 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中的“a child’s parent must be 9 to take care of them”可知，Davison的唯一“要求(requirement)”是孩子的父親或母親必須照看著。 9．A.ahead B．upstairs C．indoors D．nearby 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文中的“take care of them”可知，孩子的父親或母親必須在“附近(nearby)”。 10．A.nice B．strange C．terrible D．fair 解析：選A　根據(jù)第二段最后一句“He is just a very kind man.”可知，Davison夫婦對(duì)附近的孩子很“友好(nice)”。 11．A.desire B．success C．wealth D．joy 解析：選D　根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“children have been lining up to play”和下文中的“happiness”可知，Davison建免費(fèi)游泳池給孩子們帶來(lái)了“快樂(lè)(joy)”。 12．A.while B．unless C．because D．a(chǎn)lthough 解析：選C　“he sees them as the face of the future”是“It’s about spreading 11 and happiness to our neighborhood and these children”的原因，故because符合語(yǔ)境。 13．A.normally B．regularly C．instantly D．carefully 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“we can do more to visit with him”可知，Huebner會(huì)“經(jīng)常(regularly)”帶一些餅干或家里烹制的飯菜給Davison。 14．A.doubt B．surprise C．excitement D．a(chǎn)ppreciation 解析：選D　給Davison送餅干或飯菜等是為了表示“感激(appreciation)”。 15．A.in turn B．in contrast C．in return D．in advance 解析：選C　Davison建了游泳池供鄰居們娛樂(lè)，“作為回報(bào)(in return)”，大家也應(yīng)該為他多做些事情。 16．A.go B．trade C．play D．connect 解析：選D　Davison建游泳池的目的是想和孩子們“建立良好的關(guān)系(connect)”。 17.A.dealing with　　　　　 B．looking into C．preparing for D．learning about 解析：選A　根據(jù)第一段首句中的“Keith Davison, 94, is struggling since losing his beloved wife”和下文中的“The walls of the house still remind him of her”可知，Davison正在努力“應(yīng)對(duì)(dealing with)”失去妻子的痛苦。 18．A.rented B．decorated C．bought D．remended 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文中的“The walls of the house still remind him of her”可知，墻是按照妻子的品味“裝飾(decorated)”的，Davison非?！跋矚g(enjoyed)”。 19．A.hated B．enjoyed C．regretted D．missed 解析：選B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 20．A.fun B．luck C．money D．time 解析：選A　根據(jù)第二段第一句“The neighborhood children have been lining up to play since the pool opened.”可知，鄰居們?cè)诤笤和娴煤堋伴_(kāi)心(fun)?！? B 體裁 話(huà)題 詞數(shù) 限時(shí) 記敘文 人物故事 306 17分鐘 A man has given up his wellpaid job in sales to bee a barber for dementia patients, inspired by his teenage job in a nursing home.Lenny White, 36, worked in 1 with the Yellow Pages for 17 years, 2 felt unsatisfied and decided to do something a little more 3 and meaningful. As a 4 ， he had worked as a kitchen server in nursing homes.When he began to 5 his passion (熱情) for his career, he decided to find a way to help the kind of people he’d 6 worked with.“I had just got to the stage where I knew that I wasn’t 7 ，” Lenny said.“I never 8 the care home job, I never forgot how it made me feel and the munication that I had with the residents (居民)． 9 never left me.” He decided to work as a barber 10 he remembered the men in the care home where he’d worked having haircuts in women’s salons (發(fā)廊), which stressed them out as they weren’t used to the 11 . To help his 12 relax, he uses oldfashioned products and plays Elvis Presley songs in his salon, so they feel like they are in a salon they 13 . “The residents were 14 .They sang along to the 15 ， tapped (打節(jié)拍) their feet, and it created a real 16 atmosphere.” Lenny said. Lenny also works as a care assistant in order to learn how to 17 elderly people while cutting their hair.He 18 ， “You have to take your time with them and be 19 .Even the small things like sitting them down and keeping your hand on their shoulder, let them know you’re there.” He even won the Northern Ireland Alzheimer’s Society Award for Outstanding Contribution 2017 for his efforts, and is 20 to popularize (推廣) his “worthwhile” job nationwide. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。36歲的Lenny White放棄高薪的銷(xiāo)售工作，選擇為癡呆病人理發(fā)。 1．A.tourism　　　　　　　　 B．sales C．insurance D．banking 解析：選B　根據(jù)首句“A man has given up his wellpaid job in sales to bee a barber for dementia patients”可知，36歲的Lenny White放棄他高薪的銷(xiāo)售工作，成為一名為癡呆病人理發(fā)的理發(fā)師。 2．A.since　　　　　　　　　 B．so C．a(chǎn)nd D．but 解析：選 D　根據(jù)首句“A man has given up his wellpaid job in sales”及下文“felt unsatisfied and decided to do something a little more 3 and meaningful”可知，36歲的Lenny White雖然有一份高薪的銷(xiāo)售工作，但是他感到不滿(mǎn)足，他決定做一些有意義的事情。 3．A.worthwhile B．hard C．pleasing D．impressive 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“and meaningful”及最后一段“popularize (推廣) his ‘worthwhile’ job nationwide”可知，Lenny White決定做一些值得做并且有意義的事情。 4．A.server B．manager C．teenager D．volunteer 解析：選C　根據(jù)第一段首句“inspired by his teenage job in a nursing home”可知，Lenny White放棄高薪工作是受他青少年時(shí)在療養(yǎng)院工作的啟發(fā)。 5．A.follow B．share C．lose D．feel 解析：選C　根據(jù)第一段中的“felt unsatisfied”及下文“he decided to find a way to help the kind of people”可知，當(dāng)Lenny White對(duì)工作失去熱情的時(shí)候，他決定找到一種方式來(lái)幫助那些人。 6．A.unwillingly B．publicly C．casually D．previously 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“I never forgot how it made me feel and the munication that I had with the residents (居民)”可知，Lenny White想幫助他曾經(jīng)在一起工作的那些人。previously“先前的，以往的”符合語(yǔ)境。 7．A.puzzled B．satisfied C．thrilled D．familiar 解析：選B　根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“felt unsatisfied”可知，Lenny White對(duì)他銷(xiāo)售工作狀況不滿(mǎn)意。 8．A.forgot B．plained C．missed D．understood 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“I never forgot how it made me feel and the munication that I had with the residents (居民)”可知，此處與下文“I never forgot”并列，故forgot符合語(yǔ)境。 9．A.Each B．What C．That D．Something 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文“I never 8 the care home job ...had with the residents (居民)．”可知，Lenny White從未忘記療養(yǎng)院的工作，從未忘記帶給他的感覺(jué)及他與療養(yǎng)院住民的溝通。這(That)從未離開(kāi)他。 10．A.unless B．once C．until D．a(chǎn)s 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“he remembered the men ...which stressed them out”可知，當(dāng)Lenny White記得他曾經(jīng)工作的那個(gè)療養(yǎng)院里的男人們?cè)谂说纳除埨锢戆l(fā)，這讓他們很緊張，所以他決定當(dāng)一名理發(fā)師。 11．A.food B．surroundings C．rules D．weather 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文“he remembered the men ...which stressed them out”可知，療養(yǎng)院的男人們?cè)谂堪l(fā)廊里理發(fā)，這使得他們很緊張，因?yàn)樗麄儾涣?xí)慣那樣的環(huán)境。 12．A.customers B．students C．relatives D．leaders 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“he uses oldfashioned products and plays Elvis Presley songs in his salon，”可知，Lenny White使用老式的產(chǎn)品，在他的發(fā)廊里播放埃爾維斯普雷斯利的歌曲，這樣會(huì)讓他的顧客們感覺(jué)他們處于記憶中的發(fā)廊。 13．A.set up B．take charge of C．remember D．decorate 解析：選C　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 14．A.anxious B．disappointed C．crazy D．relaxed 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文“To help his 12 relax”可知，在Lenny White發(fā)廊理發(fā)的人們很放松。 15．A.music B．guitar C．radio D．microphone 解析：選A　根據(jù)第三段中的“plays Elvis Presley songs in his salon”及下文“They sang ...tapped (打節(jié)拍) their feet”可知，Lenny White在發(fā)廊里播放埃爾維斯普雷斯利的歌曲，人們跟著音樂(lè)一起唱，用腳拍打節(jié)拍。 16．A.same B．different C．embarrassing D．ordinary 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文“The residents were 14 .They sang along to the 15 ， tapped (打節(jié)拍) their feet”可知，人們?cè)贚enny White的發(fā)廊中很放松，與男人們?cè)谂堪l(fā)廊中理發(fā)感覺(jué)很緊張相比，這創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)真正不一樣的環(huán)境。 17．A.thank for B．call on C．look after D．think about 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文“Lenny also works as a care assistant”可知，Lenny White為了學(xué)習(xí)在理發(fā)過(guò)程中如何照顧年老的人，也作為一名護(hù)理助理。 18．A.argued B．explained C．begged D．joked 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，這是Lenny White的解釋說(shuō)明。 19．A.patient B．honest C．confident D．grateful 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文“You have to take your time with them”和下文“Even the small things like sitting them down and keeping your hand on their shoulder, let them know you’re there.”可知，你必須對(duì)年老的人慢慢來(lái)，要有耐心，要讓他們知道你在那里。 20．A.challenging B．encouraging C．refusing D．hoping 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文“He even won ...for his efforts”和下文“to popularize (推廣) his ‘worthwhile’ job nationwide”可知，Lenny White希望能在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)推廣他這份“值得做的”工作。 因不能發(fā)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離復(fù)現(xiàn)詞而錯(cuò)選 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)是指某一個(gè)詞以原詞，或同/ 近義詞(如decide與determine)、 同根詞(如ill與illness)、上下義詞(如rose是flower的下義詞， flower是 利用詞匯 復(fù)現(xiàn)解題 rose的上義詞)、反義詞(如wrong與right)等方式在同一語(yǔ)篇中重復(fù)出現(xiàn) 的現(xiàn)象。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)是語(yǔ)篇銜接的一個(gè)重要手段。我們?cè)诮獯鹜晷翁羁? 題時(shí)，要留心選項(xiàng)中是否有與上下文中的詞匯相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞，利用詞匯 復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。 1．原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)——在上下文中同一詞匯重復(fù)出現(xiàn) [典例]　(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits ... I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54. classroom. 53．A.game　　　　　　　　 B．presentation C．course D．experiment 分析：本題可以利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)文章首句中的“the education department was offering a ‘free’ course”可知，“我”設(shè)法在那門(mén)“課程”上獲得了A，此處是course的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選C項(xiàng)。 2．同/近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)——意思相同、相近的表達(dá)方式，或者解釋性的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn) [典例]　(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)The baby was born and update texts were 47.ing in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.In her 48 ， she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49.sharing the baby’s photos with a plete stranger. 48．A.opinion B．a(chǎn)nxiety C．excitement D．effort 分析：本題可以利用近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)上文中的“the overjoyed grandmother”可知，此處填入的詞應(yīng)與“overjoyed (欣喜若狂的)”在語(yǔ)義范疇上一致，故選C項(xiàng)。 3．同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)——詞形變化的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn) [典例]　(2016北京高考)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. ... How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 39.harbor was already full of ice, so it couldn’t e by ship.Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads. 40．A.narrow B．snowy C．busy D．dirty 分析：本題可以利用同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)選文第一段可知，大雪覆蓋了道路，切斷了小鎮(zhèn)與世界的聯(lián)系，故汽車(chē)和馬無(wú)法在滿(mǎn)是雪的(snowy)道路上行進(jìn)，空格處與第一段最后一個(gè)單詞snow是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。 4．上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)——總括與分述的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn) [典例]　(2016全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out.Rani’s 59 — her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 60.attitude — were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires. 59．A.forgiveness B．eagerness C．friendliness D．skillfulness 分析：本題可以利用上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)下文“她溫暖的微笑，她的點(diǎn)頭，她的’我在這里為你我服務(wù)’的態(tài)度”等表明瑞妮很友好(friendliness)，故選C。其中smile，nod等是下義詞(具體行為)，friendliness是上義詞(概括)。 5．反義詞 [典例]　(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I had advised the kids that while verbs (動(dòng)詞) may seem dull, most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. 50．A.simple B．unique C．fun D．clever 分析：本題可以利用反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)前面的while(雖然)可知，空格處應(yīng)填與dull(無(wú)聊的，枯燥無(wú)味的)意思上相反的詞fun，表示“有趣的，令人快樂(lè)的”。故選C。 (鋪陰影的題目為“可利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題”) A 體裁 話(huà)題 詞數(shù) 限時(shí) 議論文 道歉 263 16分鐘 Most people say “I’m sorry” many times a day for a host of trivial (瑣碎的) things.These apologies are easy and usually readily 1 ， often with a response like, “No problem.” 2 ， when “I’m sorry” are the words needed to right truly hurtful words or acts, they can be the hardest ones to 3 .And even when an apology is offered with the best of intentions, it can be seriously 4 by the way in which it is worded.A poorly worded apology can 5 lasting anger and 6 an important relationship. I admit to a lifetime of challenges when it es to 7 ， especially when I thought I was right or 8 .But I recently 9 that the need for an apology is less about me than the person who is 10 by something I said or did or failed to do.I also learned that a sincere apology can be extremely 11 for the recipient (接受者) as well as the 12 . After learning that a neighbour who seemed 13 due to my small errors, I wrote a 14 and apologized for my 15 .I said I wasn’t asking for 16 ， merely hoping that we could have a harmonious 17 ， and then delivered the letter with a jar of my homemade jam. Expecting nothing 18 ， I was greatly relieved when my doorbell rang and the neighbour 19 me for what I had said and done.I felt as if I’d not only got rid of a(n) 20 but made a new friend, which is indeed how it played out in the days that followed. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。不找任何借口，帶著誠(chéng)意與尊重為自己的過(guò)失道歉，不僅會(huì)減少一個(gè)敵人，而且會(huì)多交一個(gè)朋友。 1．A.accepted　　　　　　　 B．found C．proved D．remembered 解析：選A　根據(jù)該空后的“often with a response like, ‘No problem.’”可知，大多數(shù)人每天為各種微不足道的小事說(shuō)許多次“對(duì)不起”，這些道歉容易做到，通常也易于“接受(accepted)”。 2．A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“easy”與下文中的“hardest”的對(duì)比可知，該空前后兩個(gè)句子之間是語(yǔ)意上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故However符合語(yǔ)境。 3．A.say B．gain C．forget D．control 解析：選A　根據(jù)該空前的“to right truly hurtful words or acts”可知，但是當(dāng)“對(duì)不起”是為了彌補(bǔ)確實(shí)很傷人的話(huà)語(yǔ)或行為時(shí)，會(huì)很難“說(shuō)(say)”出口。另外聯(lián)系上文中的“apologies”以及該空前的“I’m sorry”可知，要道歉就是要說(shuō)出口。 4．A.described 　　　　　　 B．weakened C．recorded D．trusted 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“poorly worded”與選項(xiàng)中的“weakened”近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)可知，即便你是本著最大的善意致歉，也有可能因?yàn)榇朕o不當(dāng)而被“削弱(weakened)”。 5．A.depend on B．look on C．take in D．result in 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，措辭不當(dāng)?shù)牡狼笗?huì)“導(dǎo)致(result in)”持久的憤怒，也會(huì)“破壞(destroy)”一段重要的關(guān)系。 6．A.continue B．manage C．judge D．destroy 解析：選D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 7．A.lying B．dreaming C．a(chǎn)pologizing D．praising 解析：選C　根據(jù)“especially when I thought I was right”可知，作者承認(rèn)“道歉(apologizing)”是人生的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是當(dāng)他認(rèn)為自己是對(duì)的，或被“誤解(misunderstood)”時(shí)。其中right與misunderstood是并列關(guān)系。 8．A.admired B．worried C．misunderstood D．delighted 解析：選C　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 9．A.discovered B．expected C．promised D．feared 解析：選A　根據(jù)“But”提示和該空前后語(yǔ)境轉(zhuǎn)折可知，“that the need ...failed to do”是作者最近“發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)”的道理。 10．A.moved B．hurt C．a(chǎn)ttracted D．criticized 解析：選B　根據(jù)該空后的“by something I said or did or failed to do”可知，被自己所言、所行或未能做到的事“傷害(hurt)”到的人，更需要“我”的道歉。 11．A.simple B．impossible C．beneficial D．interesting 解析：選C　根據(jù)下一段的具體事例可知，真誠(chéng)的道歉不論對(duì)接受者還是“給予者(giver)”而言，都是非?！坝泻锰幍?beneficial)”。 12．A.quitter 　　　　　　　 B．giver C．lover D．rescuer 解析：選B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。上文“recipient”和選項(xiàng)中的“giver”是反義詞。 13．A.excited B．puzzled C．embarrassed D．a(chǎn)nnoyed 解析：選D　根據(jù)該空后的“due to my small errors”以及“apologized for”可知，鄰居因作者的一些小錯(cuò)誤而“感到惱火(annoyed)”。 14．A.letter　　　　　　 　 B．book C．story D．poem 解析：選A　根據(jù)第17空后的“delivered the letter”提示可知，作者寫(xiě)了一封“信(letter)”。此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 15．A.jokes　　　　 　　 　 B．mistakes C．excuses D．decisions 解析：選B　根據(jù)第13空后的“small errors”和選項(xiàng)中的“mistakes”之間是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，故此處表示作者為自己的“錯(cuò)誤(mistakes)”道歉。 16．A.introduction B．suggestion C．forgiveness D．encouragement 解析：選C　根據(jù)該空后的“merely hoping that we could have a harmonious 17 ”以及最后一段中的“Expecting nothing”可知，作者并不請(qǐng)求“原諒(forgiveness)”。 17．A.occupation B．relationship C．munity D．situation 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文可知，因作者的錯(cuò)誤破壞了他與鄰居之間的關(guān)系，那么作者道歉的初衷只是希望保持一種和諧的“關(guān)系(relationship)”。 18．A.in total B．in turn C．in brief D．in return 解析：選D　聯(lián)系上下文內(nèi)容可知，作者并不期待任何“回報(bào)(in return )”。 19．A.thanked B．changed C．forted D．helped 解析：選A　根據(jù)該空前的“greatly relieved”可知，鄰居“感謝(thanked)”作者所說(shuō)的話(huà)和所做的事。 20．A.worker　　　　　　　 B．relative C．neighbour D．enemy 解析：選D　根據(jù)該空后的“but”轉(zhuǎn)折可知，該空與“a new friend”形成對(duì)比，故enemy符合語(yǔ)境。此處“friend”與“enemy”是反義詞。 B 體裁 話(huà)題 詞數(shù) 限時(shí) 記敘文 母親的來(lái)信 263 15分鐘 “I have a letter for you，” my friend Kirsten told me on the phone.“I think it’s from your mother.” I was 1 ， since my mother had been 2 for seven years. A few weeks later Kirsten handed me the 3 dated Aug.30,2002.Around then I was preparing for my pilot course’s final exam at the 4 school.The students finished the training on 5 days.I was the first to 6 .My mother’s letter 7 after I left.Kirsten picked it up from my mailbox, to keep it 8 she next saw me. 9 ， a few days later, when it was her turn to leave, she 10 the letter among the piles of papers she 11 packed into boxes.It 12 there for a decade, during which my mother died.In 2013, when Kirsten 13 some dusty belongings from her flying school days, she 14 the letter. It’s been two years since Kirsten gave me the letter which I’ve carried on my long flights.But I haven’t 15 it yet.When I told some friends this, they 16 their heads.They said they wouldn’t have been able to wait a second.Of course, I 17 — How could I not? — about her 18 in the envelope.Surely, I think, she had written to wish me luck, ask about my life and tell me the news from 19 to make me at ease.However, for now it’s 20 to look at her handwriting on the envelope, and to remember that until I open it, I know I’ll hear from her once more. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了“我”的母親寫(xiě)給“我”的一封信，但由于意外，“我”在十年后才收到這封信?！拔摇痹谖闹斜磉_(dá)了對(duì)母親的懷念。 1．A.delighted　　 　　　　　 B．confused C．terrified D．moved 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文可知，“我”的母親已經(jīng)去世七年了。所以，當(dāng)朋友告訴“我”這封信來(lái)自“我”的母親時(shí)，“我”很迷惑(confused)。 2．A.back　　　　　　　　　 B．lost C．dead D．sick 解析：選C　根據(jù)第二段中的“during which my mother died”可知，選C。此處屬于同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 3．A.envelope　 　　　　　 　 B．package C．ticket D．stamp 解析：選A　根據(jù)第一段可知，這是母親寫(xiě)給“我”的一封信，所以柯?tīng)柦z滕交給“我”的是一個(gè)帶有日期的信封。且文章最后一句中的“on the envelope”也是信息暗示，屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A。 4．A.art　　　　　　　　 　　 B．sports C．flight D．military 解析：選C　根據(jù)空前的“my pilot course’s final exam”和下文中的“flying school days”以及第三段第一句中的“on my long flights”可知，作者上的是飛行學(xué)校。此處是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選C。 5．A.blessed B．hard C．particular D．different 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文可知，“我”是第一個(gè)離開(kāi)的，再結(jié)合下文中的“when it was her turn to leave”可知，學(xué)生們是在不同的日子完成訓(xùn)練的，故選D。 6．A.flee　　　　　　　　　　 B．leave C．fly D．escape 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“after I left”可知，此處leave符合語(yǔ)境。此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 7．A.landed B．returned C．disappeared D．delivered 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“Kirsten picked it up from my mailbox, to keep it”可知，在“我”離開(kāi)之后，母親的信到了。land“著陸，到達(dá)”。 8．A.until B．when C．unless D．a(chǎn)fter 解析：選A　柯?tīng)柦z滕從“我”的郵箱里把信拿出來(lái)，保存到她下次見(jiàn)到“我”的時(shí)候(再給“我”)，故選A。until“直到……”符合語(yǔ)境。 9．A.Surely B．Thankfully C．Doubtfully D．Unfortunately 解析：選D　根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，不幸的是(Unfortunately)，輪到她離開(kāi)時(shí)，她把那封信誤放到(misplaced)她匆忙(hurriedly)裝到箱子里的成堆的文件里了。 10．A.removed B．misplaced C．hid D．unfolded 解析：選B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 11．A.slowly B．seriously C．hurriedly D．carefully 解析：選C　參見(jiàn)第9題解析。 12．A.appeared B．stood C．settled D．remained 解析：選D　結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，它在那里待了十年。remain“停留，保持”。 13．A