CA6140車床主軸箱的設計【含8張CAD圖紙】,含8張CAD圖紙,CA6140,車床,主軸,設計,CAD,圖紙
Agent-Based Cooperative NC Conceptual Design Zhi Gang Xu Design Technology & Research Center, School o f Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong sdzhgxupolyu. edu. hk Abstract Creativity is a core issue of product design and development, so as is the machine tool that is implemented to make them. This paper presents a NC conceptual configuration model based on agent. Modularization is the fundamental of NC conceptual layout design. It takes each module as an autonomous entity participating in design activities, and the product design process is described as the organized cooperative work of agents. The Cooperative Muti-agent NC ConBguration (CMNC) system will greatly increase the designing efficacy as well as creativity by offering a large number of design options and a rudimentary evaluation mechanism. The prototype system, which is under further development, has showed great potential of creativity. 1. Introduction Creativity is the most competitive issue in product design and development, so does the machine tool that is implemented to make them. To date, the significant progress has been made in manufacturing technology, and a large number of FMS have been implemented mound the world. How ever with the ever increasing trend of individulization of products, agile manufacturing, rapid product design and develoopment etc have attracted more and more attention. Quick and creative design of NC (Numeracal Controlling Lathe etc) system is becoming even more significant. Conceptual design which affect 70 % (or more) the whole cost, but only accounts for 10 % of the budget, is under the way of in depth investigation. Modularization is an effective way of NC system conceptual design and development, which is a simple way to express the structure of the system, also has enough flexibility in developing new structures. To incease the design efficacy, expert system is introduced to the mechanical design systems. While traditional expert systems, which a r e mostly sequential single-purpose systems definately lead to low efficiency. Agent and Ke Zheng Huang, Wei Min Liu CAD Center College o f Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China k-z-, taolwmsdu, multi-media techniques make it possible to cooperate several designers to do the same designing task on the basis of Computer Supported Cooperated Work (CSCW)21. This article proposed a new approach of agent oriented Creative NC Configuration Design system. The rest of this paper is organized as the followings: section 2 is a brief introuction of NC system modularization, section 3 describes the architecture and the function of agent. Section 4 proposes the agent oriented NC system design model. In section 5, 6 one design example is exploited to demonstrate the design process. 2. NC Modularization 2.1. Module Definitions Three typical modules are introduced to express the NC conceptual layout. They are: translation module, rotation module and base module (as Fig.1 (a). Their definitions are as follows: Definition 1: Base module, support the translation or rotation modules which can not move or rotate, denoted by B, where H-B denotes the horizontal module, V-B denotes vertical module. Definition 2: Translation module, supported by base module or rotation module which can move along one corrodinate direction x,y,z, denoted by H-X, H-Y and H-V accordingly. Definition 3 : Rotation module, supported by base module or translation module which can rotate around one corrodinate axis: x,y,z, denoted by R-X, R-Y, R-Z accordingly, while R-H, R-V means module rotating on the horizontal or the vertical base module. Deduction: One rotation module can not be connected with another rotation module. 354 3. Function and Structure of the Agent An agent contains five modules (Fig.2). The function and performance of the modules are as follows: Acquaintance module is the representation of other agents and of the local domain level system respectively. Cooperate module is responsible for managing the agents social activities, the need being detected by the situation assessment module. Control module is the interface to the domain level system. Situation assessment module decides which activities should be performed locally and which should be delegated to other agent, which requests for cooperation should be honored, how requests should be realized, what action should be taken as a result of freshly arriving information, etc. It issues instructions to, and receives feedback from the other modules. The remaining components provide support function. The self- module is a repository for all the data which the underlying domain level system has generated or which has been received as a result of interaction with others. The communication manager sends and receives messages to/from other agents in the community. Z Z H-Y ) 5-axis NC layout anangrmcnt 0 C shapcdring list Fig.1 Module definition and 5-Axis NC conceptual layout. 2.2. Module Constraints From the above definitions., the following Module Constraints can be deduced: R i m j = 0; BinBj=l; & n H j =l; 0 I 8. n Bj = 1; illigle :1 :ligile following design constraints can be got: According to the design specifications of lathe, the 1) if the workpiece is heavy, then the workpiece can not move vertically; 2) ifthe workpiece is in high precision, then the workpiece is fixed or has only one translation movement; 3) ifthe workpiece is heavy and in high precision, then the workpiece jig must be adjacent with the base; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Module Display The NC conceptual layout model can be expressed precisely by arranging different modules in an explicit way. Fig 1.b is an example of five-axis NC layout model with x,y,z translation movement and A, B rotation. Fig1 .c is the C shape ring list mod.el. It is a close ring from cutter to workpiece. CONTROL MODULE Fig.2 Agent Architecture. Definition 4 : Agent is described as a sextuple : (Aid, Communication, Acquaintance, Cooperate, Assessment, Control). := := : := () :=l lll : := : := () : := lll := llIllegil :=lllIl := 355 4. Management of the Design Process Based on Agent The engineering design is viewed as a distributed system consisting of various autonomous entities completing the special task through cooperation 31. There are two kinds of basic elements in the system: entities and activities. The entity includes the CAD systems (dealing mainly with the graphic issues), users and various agents (information handling). Activity is the process of the entity performing the design process. In the designing process there are also two categories of information: Foreground and Background 4, Table 1 is the list of information and the corresponding activities and participants. Definition 5: The agent oriented cooperative design system DS is a quintuple A,Tr,Ev,OR, among which, A is the set of agents, Tr is the design Transaction, E is the set of events, OR is the organization (including CAD system, various users etc ) . Event is the state change of the system triggered by users, CAD system and agents taking part in the design process, cooperation between agents and the communication with the outside world. In this conceptual model, the product design processes is an activity set of a group of agents and activities undertaking by the cooperative work of agents with the interference of users. 5. Illustration of the Designing Process Definition 6. Event is a sextuple (EID, ESTATE, EPRE, EAG, EAC, EPOST), where EID is the name of events, ESTATE is the present system state, EPRE is the precondition triggering the event. EAG is the set of activated agent, EAC is the action taking by the agent, EPOST is the state caused by this event. Fig.3 give the event description. Eprb- conditio Estate participant Fig.3 Event Description. If the design of a complex NC miller is wanted, which can process turbine blade, the cutter should move simultaneiously in five axis, say x, y, z, A, B, i.e the cutter has 5 DOF (Degree Of Freedom). This is the design precondition. If the part is light, from the designing constraints in chapter 2.2 , the movement of the part has no limitations. Then the EPRO has two hues : 1. x,y,z,A,B five DOF of cutter, 2. the part property is light. Definition 7 : Transaction is a sequence of events, one transaction is an acceptable solution which can satisfy the module constrains and the designing: constraints. T:. . . . . . EID: : : : :agent state? 1: allowed; 0: forbidden : 1 : interactable; 0: uninteractable. NC milling machine has a C list structure which take the workpiece as the starting point and the cutter as the ending point 51 or vice versa. So the design activity process with workpiece, it first deal with the module which hold the workpiece. Table 1. 356 For event1 : EIDl : 0 0 the agent state EAG: EPRE: x,y,z,A,B five cutter DOF & (is light Part-ProPerty) 0 user: 0 waiting. 0 CAD system: 0 waiting. At this point all the modules can be triggered, if R-Y is triggered which can realize the: “y” translation. Then the condition will be changed. 0 So for the event2: EID2 0 0 EPOST: cutter lost one DOF (Degree of Freedom) EPRE: x,z,A,B four movement &( is light part agent state EAG: from the module constrains , R-Y can not connect with H-ES,H-V,R-V,R-Z, so the property) 0 user: 0 waiting 0 0 CAD system state: 0 waiting At this time, if the H-Z is. triggered, then: EPOST: cutter lost one DOF (Degree of Freedom) After six events , the DOF of cutter reached 0, one design transaction has been finished. The result of one transaction is viewed as one acceptable solution. Various possible solutions will be recorded and compared. Among each transaction, user will interact with CAD system, compare and talk about the existing solutions with other designers. Fig.1 (b) is one transaction, which denotes the 5 axis NC layout, though it. may not be the optimal solution. . . . . . . . . . 6. Example Fig.4 gives the tree structure multi-solution paradigm based on agent. In Fig.4, “Base-” isthe input or beginning. From this point, th.e whole system will work under the monitor of modular constraints. In the design process, lower modules derived upper modules, and it is divergent. More often than not, the result may go beyond the least conserved traditional conventions, some may seem to be ridiculous, but that. may means creativity. By introducing design constraini:s, the solutions may be converged greatly. With more constraints being introduced, the result may be more and more realistic. For example, the thickened curve followed by R-Y-T- Y-T-X-H-Base-V-Base-T-Z-R-X in Fig.4 is one feasible NC conceptual structure in Fig. 1 (c). L e _ l m ”l7q H-Base t Fig .4 Multi-Solution in NC layout design 7. Conclusion and Acknowlegement The NC structure conceptual design model based on agent described in this paper is now under intense development. The future work will focuse on the solution qualification mechanism, now it depends mainly on the designers to compare the various conceptual structures, only after the computer tell which is feasible and which is better, can we realize some real form of creativity. This project is supported by the Shandong Provincial Excellent Young Scientist Award. 8. Reference l HU Weigang Development and Practice of Machine Tool Modularization and the Intelligent Supporting System, Doctoral Thesis, Huazhong Institute of Technology, WuHan, 1994, 6. 2 Xu Zhigang, Huang Kezheng, Ai Xing, Cooperative Problem Solving in Mechanical Multi-Agent Systems, Intemational Pro of Workshop on CSCW in Design, 1996, 6, Beijing, P.R.China: 3 Zeng Guangzhou, Sun Boqi. A method for software requirement engineering based on system simulation and its supporting environment. Chinese Joumal o f Computer, 20(3):280-283(1997). 4 H.Suzuki,et a1 Modeling Information in Design Background for Product development Support, Annals o f the CZZP , vol 5 Yotaro Hatamura, et al, Actual Conceptual Process for an Intelligent Machine Center, Annals o f the CZRP, vol 251-258. 45/1/1996: 141-144 44/1/1995: 123-128. 357 各類畢業(yè)設計課程定做 Q號是1714879127 該論文含配套的圖紙(需購買)
南京理工大學泰州科技學院
本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）選題、審題表
系 部
機械工程系
指導
教師
姓 名
曹春平
專業(yè)技術職 務
講師
課題名稱
CA6140車床主軸箱的設計
適用專業(yè)
機械工程及自動化
課題性質
A
B
C
D
E
課題來源
A
B
C
D
√
√
課題預計
工作量大小
大
適中
小
課題預計
難易程度
難
適中
易
√
√
課題簡介
作為主要的車削加工機床，CA6140機床廣泛的應用于機械加工行業(yè)中，本課題主要針對CA6140機床的主軸箱進行設計，設計的內容主要有機床主要參數(shù)的確定，傳動方案和傳動系統(tǒng)圖的擬定，對主要零件 進行了計算和驗算。
課題應完成的任務和對學生的要求
任務：
1. 調研，查閱資料；
2. 確定機床的主要參數(shù)；
3. 確定傳動方案，繪制傳動系統(tǒng)圖；
4. 完成主要零部件的計算與驗算，并繪制零件圖；
5. 編寫論文，提交規(guī)范的設計文檔
論文要求：學生需具備機械制造、數(shù)控機床的基本知識，掌握基本畫圖軟件如（AutoCAD， ProE等）
所在專業(yè)審定意見：
專業(yè)負責人(簽名)： 年 月 日
本課題由 高燕婷 同學選定，學號： 05010102
注：1．該表由指導教師填寫，經所在專業(yè)負責人簽名后生效，作為該專業(yè)學生畢業(yè)設計（論文）選題使用；
2．有關內容的填寫見背面的填表說明，并在表中相應欄內打“√”；
3．課題一旦被學生選定，此表須放在學生“畢業(yè)設計（論文）資料袋”中存檔。
填 表 說 明
1．該表的填寫只針對1名學生做畢業(yè)設計（論文）時選擇使用，如同一課題由2名及2名以上同學選擇，應在申報課題的名稱上加以區(qū)別（加副標題），并且在“設計（論文）要求”一欄中說明。
2．“課題性質”一欄：
A．產品設計；
B．工程技術研究；
C．軟件開發(fā)；
D．研究論文或調研報告；
E．其它。
3．“課題來源”一欄：
A．自然（社會）科學基金與省（部）、市級以上科研課題；
B．企、事業(yè)單位委托課題；
C．校、院（系）級基金課題；
D．自擬課題。
4．“課題簡介”一欄：
主要指該課題的背景介紹、理論意義或實用價值。
畢業(yè)設計課程定做 Q*Q=1714879127
各類畢業(yè)設計課程定做 Q號是1714879127 該論文含配套的圖紙(需購買)
南京理工大學泰州科技學院
畢業(yè)設計(論文)前期工作材料
學生姓名:
高燕婷
學 號：
05010102
系 部:
機械工程系
專 業(yè):
機械工程及自動化
設計(論文)題目:
CA6140車床主軸箱的設計
指導教師:
曹春平
講師
材 料 目 錄
序號
名 稱
數(shù)量
備 注
1
畢業(yè)設計(論文)選題、審題表
1
2
畢業(yè)設計(論文)任務書
1
3
畢業(yè)設計(論文)開題報告〔含文獻綜述〕
1
4
畢業(yè)設計(論文)外文資料翻譯〔含原文〕
1
5
畢業(yè)設計（論文）中期檢查表
1
2009年5月
畢業(yè)設計課程定做 Q*Q=1714879127
各類畢業(yè)設計課程定做 Q號是1714879127 該論文含配套的圖紙(需購買)
南京理工大學泰州科技學院
畢業(yè)設計(論文)外文資料翻譯
系 部： 機械工程系
專 業(yè)： 機械工程及自動化
姓 名： 高燕婷
學 號： 05010102
外文出處： Computer Support Cooperative Work in Design, The Sixth International Conference on,2001
附 件： 1.外文資料翻譯譯文；2.外文原文。
指導教師評語：
簽名：
年 月 日
注：請將該封面與附件裝訂成冊。
附件1：外文資料翻譯譯文
基于Agent協(xié)同數(shù)控概念設計
許志剛
香港理工大學，設計學院，設計技術研究中心，
香港，九龍，江口
sdzhgxu@polyu.edu.hk
黃斜睜，劉尉明
計算機輔助設計中心
機械工程學院，
山東大學
山東省濟南市，中國山口河
k-z-huang@yahoo.com, taolwm@sdu,edu.cn
摘要
創(chuàng)新是一個產品設計和發(fā)展的核心問題，比如如何用機床實施它們（創(chuàng)新）。本文提出了一種以“代理”（模塊）為基礎的數(shù)控配置模型概念。模型化是數(shù)控分層設計的基礎?；诤献鞔淼脑O計，將它的每個模塊作為一個自主的實體參與設計活動。產品設計過程被描述為代理的有組織的合作過程。合作多代理數(shù)控（CMNC）配置在提供大量設計方案和一個初步評價機構時，能大大曾加設計效果和創(chuàng)造力，這個雛形系統(tǒng)正在進一步發(fā)展，并且已經在創(chuàng)造力上顯示出巨大的潛力。
1． 導言
創(chuàng)造力在產品的設計和開發(fā)方面是最有競爭力的一個方面，這種情況同樣適用于機床的設計與制造過程。迄今為止，在制造技術方面已經取得了巨大的進步，并且已經在世界范圍內大量實施柔性制造系統(tǒng)了。無論如何，產品的快速制造和數(shù)字話等個性方面的發(fā)展趨勢正在日益增加，這些都吸引了更多的關注[1 ]，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的快速和創(chuàng)造性的設計有了更大的意義。在深入調查后，我們可以得到這樣的結論，概念設計雖然只占總成本預算的10%，但是卻對總成本產生的影響至70%（或更多）。模塊化是一種數(shù)控系統(tǒng)概念設計與開發(fā)的有效方式，用簡單的方法來表達系統(tǒng)的結構，在開發(fā)新的結構時有足夠的靈活性。將專家系統(tǒng)引入機械設計系統(tǒng)，可以增加系統(tǒng)的設計效率。傳統(tǒng)的專家系統(tǒng)，大多是連續(xù)單一用途的系統(tǒng)，它們必然導致低效率。代理和多媒體技術使一些設計師在做設計工作時使用計算機協(xié)同工作變成一種可能[2]。本文提出了一種面向代理的創(chuàng)新設計數(shù)控系統(tǒng)配置的新方法。
本文余下的部分是按以下內容組織而成：第二節(jié)，簡單介紹數(shù)控技術模塊化；第三節(jié)，描述代理結構和功能；第四節(jié)，提出基于代理數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的設計模型；在第五第六部分舉例說明可行性。
2． 數(shù)控化模塊
2.1.模塊定義
為表示數(shù)控概念結構以下介紹三種典型模塊。它們是：平移模塊，旋轉模塊和基礎模塊（圖1a所示）。它們的定義如下：
定義1：基礎模塊，支持轉換和旋轉模塊中無法移動或旋轉的模塊，被命名為B，H_B向模塊，V_B指垂直模塊。
定義2：平移模塊，由基礎模塊或旋轉模塊支持，可以沿著x、y、z其中一個坐標方向上移動的模塊，分別被記作：H_X,H_Y,H_V。
定義3：旋轉模塊，在相應方向上的旋轉，記作R_X,R_Y,R_Z,其中R_H,R_V分別指模塊繞橫向軸和垂直軸的轉動。
注：一個旋轉模塊不能與另一個旋轉模塊相連接。
基礎模塊 平移模塊 方向
旋轉模塊 五軸數(shù)控設計排列 A向旋轉 B向旋轉
“C”形環(huán)形列表
圖1a 模塊的定義和五軸數(shù)控概念結構
2.2.模塊約束
根據(jù)以上定義，可以推導出下列模型約束為：
根據(jù)機床的設計規(guī)格可以得到以下的設計約束：
1） 如果工件質量較大，則工件不能垂直的移動；
2） 如果工件精度較高，則工件必須被固定或只有一個方向的運動；
3） 如果工件質量較大且精度較高，則工件夾具必須與與基底毗鄰。
2.3.顯示模塊
數(shù)控概念結構模型可以將不同的模塊按一個明確的方式排列來精確表達。圖1.b是一個有x,y,z直線坐標運動方向和A、B兩個方向上旋轉運動的五軸數(shù)控結構模型。圖1c是一個“C”形狀模塊，這是一個從刀具到工件元件的封閉環(huán)。
3.代理的功能與結構
每個代理包含五個模塊（圖2）。模塊功能及性能如下：
熟人模塊分別代表其他代理和本地同水平代理。合作模塊負責管理代理的社會活動，具體需要是由情況評定模塊檢測。控制模塊是系統(tǒng)領域的接口程序。情況評估模塊決定哪些活動應本地進行和哪些應該分配給其他代理，那些接收任務的代理應該給予尊重，如它的請求應該給予實現(xiàn)，它的行動應該認為是接收到新信息后采取的行動，等等。它還用來接受問題的指示，并接受其他模塊反饋，其余部分則用作支持功能。該模塊自身是一個數(shù)據(jù)儲存器，存放由系統(tǒng)領域產生或通過接口接受到其他系統(tǒng)傳來的數(shù)據(jù)。通信管理者發(fā)送或接受社團其它代理的信息。
圖2 代理架構圖
定義4：代理具有六個部分：
(援助，通訊，熟人，合作，評估， 控制)
::=
::=
: :={
() ]
::=l ]
lll
: :=