639 螺紋軸車削加工及數(shù)控車削機(jī)床仿真的研究

639 螺紋軸車削加工及數(shù)控車削機(jī)床仿真的研究,639,螺紋軸車削加工及數(shù)控車削機(jī)床仿真的研究,螺紋,羅紋,車削,加工,數(shù)控,機(jī)床,仿真,研究,鉆研 外語文獻(xiàn)翻譯 1 Session 1- Simple VERICUT Session （NC 文件） This session demonstrates how to execute the VERICUT program and interact with the product via standard window actions. The VERICUT software system contains demonstration files that enable users to interact with VERICUT and experience various features and options. Follow the steps in this sample session to simulate milling a block（程序 段） with the standard tool path file “mcdblock.mcd“. NOTE: This and subsequent sessions assume VERICUT has been installed with all sample files and is accessible from any directory. Sessions also assume the Toolbar is active with all groups displayed. To verify this, select 1、View Toolbar Set All. Session Steps: 1. Execute VERICUT Access VERICUT on a Windows computer—From the Taskbar, click Start Programs CGTech VERICUT 5.x VERICUT 5.x where “5.x“ is the desired VERICUT version number. With default settings, VERICUT automatically loads the “vericut.usr“ User file from the CGTech Library- a 4-axis Mazak machine and job setup. 2 If VERICUT has been started but does not have the default User file loaded, exit VERICUT, then execute VERICUT again. This should restore the default settings required to perform this sample session. Continue with step #2 below, even if the default User file did not load as expected. However, report this fact to the instructor for future consideration. 2. Display the Status window to monitor the machining operation ? In the VERICUT menu bar , select Info Status 3 The Status window provides information about the current tool path record being processed machining conditions. This window can be left open for constant monitoring,or use the Close button to dismiss it. You can re- open and close this window at any time. 3. Set VERICUT to stop processing at the end of each file ? In the VERICUT menu bar, select Setup Motion ? In the Motion window, Stop At = End of each File ? OK 4. Cut the VERICUT stock model ? In the VERICUT main window, press the Play to End icon - a milling tool path is simulated In this example, the following errors can be seen: The cut highlighted with the red Error color indicates material was removed from the fixture. If left as is, this could result in a broken tool or damaged fixture. There is also some red marks where a tool holder touched the part. 4 The Status window Errors field reveals that VERICUT detected 9 errors during this tool path processing. VERICUT uses high resolution graphics and color shading to provide excellent visibility of the machining process, and a high quality image of the machined part. The model in VERICUT represents how the machined part would look, if actually cut by the NC machine tool. 5. Review the errors in the toolpath file ? In the VERICUT menu bar , select Analysis Tool path Review to display the Toolpath Review window. 5 ? In the Toolpath review window, select the first error in the Error column Notice that the tool is positioned at the location where the error occurred. The cutter body removed some material while ramping in the pocket. This cutter does not cut in its center. Because the red mark is machined afterward, without the review, this error could have been missed. There is also an error where the “l(fā)ight“ component collided with the “Rotary Table“ component. This error comes from the Machine Simulation view. The machine collisions can have very dangerous repercussions. ? When finished reviewing the errors, select File Close to dismiss the Toolpath Review window. 6. Cut the second operation ? Press the Play to End icon - The part is flipped and a new fixture is loaded In this example, the following errors can be seen: 6 The cut highlighted with the red Error color indicates material was removed from the fixture. If left as is, this could result in a broken tool or damaged fixture. The Status window Errors field reveals that VERICUT detected 2 errors during this tool path processing. VERICUT uses high resolution graphics and color shading to provide excellent visibility of the machining process, and a high quality image of the machined part. The model in VERICUT represents how the machined part would look, if actually cut by the NC machine tool. 7. Review the errors in the tool path file ? Select Analysis Toolpath Review to display the Toolpath Review window and review the errors in the second toolpath. 7 ? When finished reviewing the errors, select File Close to dismiss the Toolpath Review window. A Log file is automatically created by VERICUT which identifies any errors that occurred during the simulation. When errors are detected, the VERICUT Log file information identifies the exact data block which caused the error, as well as the line number of the block in the tool path file. The VERICUT Log file contains other valuable information, such as: when and what tool path file(s) were processed, simulated machining times, and more. The Log file can be viewed via the Info menu, as demonstrated by the next step. 8. View the Log file and search for error messages ? In the VERICUT menu bar , select Info VERICUT Log ? Enter the search pattern, “error“ in the text field at the top of the VERICUT Log window ? Select Search Forward icon Error messages can be located quickly by repeatedly clicking Search Forward. Sample VERICUT Log file from processing the tool path file: 8 9. Close the Log file window ? In the VERICUT Log window, select: File Exit to dismiss the window. 10. Exit VERICUT ? In the VERICUT menu bar , select File Exit (answer No to the notice window-do not overwrite master sample files) 9 This session provided experience with executing and interacting with VERICUT via standard user actions. The VERICUT Log file created from the tool path simulation was viewed to obtain information about the verification session, and errors detected by VERICUT. Session 2- Typical VERICUT Session （NC 文件） This session demonstrates how to setup VERICUT for processing a tool path file. In order to simulate the cutting action of a tool path, the following actions must be performed: 1、Define the size, shape and location of the stock to be machined 2、Specify a tool path file to be processed by VERICUT and locate its origin 3、Indicate how tool descriptions will be supplied The typical usage of VERICUT consists of opening a startup User file that contains all the 1、machine tool and 2、control configuration information. All that needs to be changed is the job specific informations like Stock, program file, and cutting tool information. Session Steps: 1. Start from a pre-defined User file ? In the VERICUT menu bar, select File Open ? In the upper right corner of the Open window, set Shortcut to CGTECH_SAMPLES by clicking on and selecting from the pull-down list. ? Select file name, mazmaz01.usr（四軸機(jī)床 B軸）from the list of files, then Open （仿真設(shè)置：tool change） If prompted, respond as follows: Reset cut model? Reset / Save changes? No 10 2. Modify the Stock model to be a 12.1 x 5 x 3 inch block ? In the VERICUT menu bar, select Model Model Definition: Model tab to display the Modeling window. ? Set Type=Block ? Length(X)=12.1, Width(Y)=5, Height(Z)=3 ? Apply ? Click anywhere in the Workpiece view to make it the active view. ? Click on (Fit) in the VERICUT Toolbar. The block should look like the one shown below. ? To aid in picking the geometry in the following steps, zoom in on the angle plate/stock block area of the Machine/Cut Stock view. In the VERICUT toolbar select (Zoom to Box). ? In the Machine/Cut Stock view, click on a position above and to the left of the angle plate, then drag the cursor to a position below 11 and to the right of the stock block forming a box around the area before releasing the mouse button. ? In the Modeling window, click on the Position tab, then the Translate tab. ? Pick in the From field (it will highlight yellow) ? In the Machine/Cut Stock view, pick the middle of the back edge on the top of the stock block, as shown in the picture below. Notice that the coordinates of the selected position is automatically added to the From field. ? Pick in the To field (it will highlight yellow) ? In the Machine/Cut Stock view, pick the middle of the front edge on the top of the angle plate, as shown in the picture below. 12 ? On the Translate tab, select Move. The block should be positioned on the angle plate as shown in the picture below. If your block is not positioned as shown, pick Undo in the Modeling window and try again. 13 ? When your block is positioned correctly, pick OK to accept the changes and dismiss the modeling window. ? In the VERICUT main menu, select View Orient. ? Select Fit All. ? Then Close. 3. Load new program file to simulate ? In the VERICUT main menu, select Setup Toolpath. ? In the Toolpath window, pick the existing toolpath so that it becomes highlighted. ? Select Replace. ? Make sure that Shortcut is set to CGTECH_SAMPLES. ? Select the file named, mcd2setup.mcd, then OK. If you do not find mcd2setup.mcd, in the file list, make sure that Filter at the bottom of the window is set to *.mcd. 14 ? In the Toolpath window, select OK, to accept the change and dismiss the window. 4. Locate tool path origin to the stock for proper cutting ? In the VERICUT main menu, select Setup G-Code Settings:Tables tab ? Select and Delete all existing tables ? Add/Modify ? Table Name = Program Zero ? Select From/To Locations ? In the From row, Name = Tool ? In the To row, Name = Stock ? Select next to the Stock ? Move the cursor over the top of the stock workpiece- when the arrow appears in the top center of the part (see below), left-click to select this location. The value in the field should be (0 17.5 9). 15 ? Add (the table is added to the G-Code Settings window) ? Close to dismiss the Add/Modify G-Code Table window. ? In the G-Code Settings window, OK, to accept the change and dismiss the window. 5. Load a pre-defined tool library ? Setup Tool Manager ? In the Tool Manager window, File Open ? Shortcut=CGTECH_LIBRARY ? File Name=vericut_demo.tls,Open ? File Close ? Yes 6. Cut the part ? In the lower right corner of the main VERICUT window, press Play to End 16 A User file is an ASCII text file containing the VERICUT session configuration. Saving a User file enables you to quickly re-configure the system for additional tool path processing, as well as displaying models and model images. 7調(diào)整座標(biāo)將(0 17.5 9)改為(0 17.5 10),毛坯 12.1 x 5 x 3 改為 12.1 x 5 x 4 8. Save the session as “typical.usr“ ? File Save As ? Shortcut=Working Directory ? In the File text field, enter the file name typical.usr ? Save 注意：xtooltip ytooltip ztooltip 為加工坐標(biāo)系 9. Exit VERICUT ? File Exit This session demonstrated how to setup VERICUT for processing a tool path file. Experience was provided with supplying a tool path file name, defining a stock model, orienting a tool path and specifying how tool descriptions are to be obtained. The step prior to exiting showed how to save the VERICUT session configuration in a User file. The simulation session is repeated (and another cut model created) by executing VERICUT, opening the User file via File Open, then re-cutting the model. 注意: 1. tool tip （用戶可以設(shè)定長度補(bǔ)償數(shù)據(jù)）； 2. gage length ； subsystem1;register1;subregister1;valve8.35; subsystem1;register3;subregister1;valve8.25; subsystem1;register4;subregister1;valve 3.5; subsystem1;register5;subregister1;valve 6; subsystem1;register6;subregister1;valve 6; 3. tool length compensation（用戶設(shè)定長度補(bǔ)償數(shù)據(jù)） （用戶設(shè)定長度補(bǔ)償數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用的指令為 G43 寄存器為 H1=2001 H5=2005等； G54 = workoffset 的用法； 17 Session 3- Working With Views （cls 文件） This session shows how to define multiple views, orient views and how to navigate in the VERICUT file structure via the shortcuts. Using the Shortcut feature on file selection windows provides quick access to files in your Working Directory or CGTech library and sample files. Choosing a shortcut automatically filters for files in that directory. Session Steps: 1. Open the “cardhold.usr“ sample User file ? File Open ? Shortcut=CGTECH_SAMPLES ? File Name=cardhold.usr, Open If prompted, respond as follows: Reset cut model? Reset / Save changes? No 2. Define a Working Directory ? File Working Directory ? Make sure that the path is pointing to a directory where you have write permission, e.g. your home directory. ? Change directory if required. ? OK You can also quickly access or save files in this directory via the Working Directory entry in the file selection window Shortcut list. 3. Change view layout ? In the VERICUT menu bar, View Layout Standard 4 views (bottom of the pull-down list). 18 4. Change views to be cascaded (overlapped) ? View Layout Cascade 5. Change views layout back to a tiled layout ? View Layout Tile Horizontally 19 The top of the active view is highlighted, in all other views the top is gray. 6. Change the orientation of the views ? Left click in VIEW 2 to make it the active view. ? View Orient to display the View Orient window. ? In the View orient window,select XY ? Increment= 30 ? Y-, X-, Fit ? Left-click in VIEW 3 ? XZ ? Left-click in VIEW 4 ? ZY ? Increment= 90, Z+ ? Fit All 20 7. Cut the workpiece ? Play to End 8. Re-orient the cut workpiece ? In the View Orient window, click Zoom - in View 1, Left-click top left of the boss, drag the box down and to the right, then left- click to activate the “zoom“. ? Left-click in VIEW 4 21 ? In the VERICUT toolbar, Reverse ? Refine Display 9. Dynamically orient the part ? Dynamic Y Rotation - In the active view (View 4), left-click, then drag the cursor to the right to rotate the part as shown below. ? Click on Dynamic Y Rotation icon again to de-activate it. 10. Close View 1,3 & 4 ? Close views using the “X“ icon on the top right of each view NOTE: The above window controls appear in “Windows“ Look & Feel. “Motif“ and “Metal“ Look & Feel window controls appear slightly different, but still allow you to close and minimize view windows. 22 11. Add a new view ? View Layout Add View ? View Layout Standard 2 Views (over/under) to arrange your views as illustrated below. 12. Orient the new view ( VIEW 1) ? Left click in the upper view (VIEW 1) ? In the View orient window, select YZ ? Increment=30 ? X+, Y+, Fit ? Close 13. Store the new view orientation ? View Select/Store ? In the Select/Store View window, highlight view 5: XZ VIEW ? Add ? Left-click on the view name (VIEW 1) ? Rename it to FRONT ISO, press 23 ? Left-click in the lower view (VIEW 2) ? In the “Select/Store View” window, click on XZ VIEW ? Activate ? Click on FRONT ISO ? Activate ? Left-click in VIEW 1 ? Click on ISO2 VIEW ? Activate ? Close A User file is an ASCII text file containing the VERICUT session configurations. Saving a User file enables you to quickly re-configure VERICUT for additional tool path processing, as well as displaying models and model images. 14. Save a new User File named “views.usr” ? File Save As ? Shortcut=Working Directory ? File Name=views.usr, Save 15. Exit the VERICUT session ? File Exit This session demonstrated how to define a working directory, load a User File, and how to orient and save views in a View List. The step prior to 24 exiting showed how to save the VERICUT session configuration in a user file. Session 4- Define and Position Parametric Models（CLS 文件） This session demonstrates how to define and position simple parametric models to represent a job setup in a Workpiece view. In this type of verification environment, you must then achieve the desired relationship between the workpiece setup and the tool path coordinate system to simulate the cutting action. This can be done by either moving the tool path coordinate system relative to the stock model, or moving the stock model relative to the tool path coordinate system - the affect in a Workpiece view is the same. This session will demonstrate how to move the models. The step at the end of the session shows how to save the session configuration in a User file so VERICUT can be quickly and easily configured to re-process the tool path file. Session Steps: 1. Start from a new Millimeter User file ? File Properties: General tab ? Default Units=Millimeter, OK, OK ? File New Session （創(chuàng)建文件） If prompted, respond as follows: Reset cut model? Reset / Save changes? No 2. Display the model and tool path coordinate axes ? View Axes ? Select Model and Coordinate System ? Close This session simulates the sample “bottle.tp“ tool path file. The tool path requires a 100 x 200 x 50 piece of raw material with the tool path 25 origin located on the top, at the center of the near side edge as shown below. The tool path origin is represented by XOrientation1, YOrientation1, ZOrientation1 axes. 為加工坐標(biāo)系（程序坐 標(biāo)系）： Xm Ym Zm 為模型坐標(biāo)系； 3. Add a Stock model to be a 100 x 200 x 50 mm block ? Model Model Definition:Model tab ? Type=Block ? Length(X)=100, Width(Y)=200, Height(Z)=50 ? Add 26 The 100 mm dimension of the block is defined along the X direction to be consistent with the tool path's setup requirements. Similarly, the 50 mm dimension is defined along the Z direction. VERICUT initially places the block such that the entire block is positive in value. The Xm, Ym, Zm axes represent the stock model coordinate system. XOrientation1, YOrientation1, ZOrientation1 axes represent the active tool path coordinate system. The stock model must be moved to maintain the desired stock-to-tool path relationship, as shown in step 2 above. 4. Move the stock model relative to the tool path coordinate system for proper cutting ? Model Model Definition:Position tab ? Ensure Selected=Model (the model axes will appear in the graphics area) ? Translate tab, From= Select top face center of the front edge of the new block as shown below (value should be 50 0 50) 27 ? To=0 0 0 ? Move ? Cancel VERICUT翻譯 第一節(jié) - 簡單的 VERICUT介紹（NC 文件） 本節(jié)演示了怎樣執(zhí)行 VERICUT程序以及通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的窗口圖來表達(dá)與產(chǎn)品的交互 作用。 VERICUT軟件系統(tǒng)包含有讓用戶與 VERICUT互動以及體驗(yàn)各種功能和選項(xiàng)的演 示文件。在此示例中按照以下步驟用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的刀路軌跡文件“mcdblock.mcd”來仿真 銑削毛坯。 注：這個(gè)以及隨后的演示都假設(shè) VERICUT已經(jīng)安裝所有樣品文件并且可以隨意 進(jìn)入任何目錄。演示還假設(shè)工具欄可用且所有分組可顯示。來證實(shí)選擇 1、視圖工具欄所有選項(xiàng)。 28 步驟： 1. 執(zhí)行 VERICUT 在計(jì)算機(jī)中進(jìn)入 VERICUT--從任務(wù)欄點(diǎn)擊開始 程序 CGTech VERICUT 5.x VERICUT 5.x“5.x”是 VERICUT的版本號。 通過默認(rèn)設(shè)置，VERICUT 可以自動的裝載“vericut.usr”用戶文件來自 CGTech Library-一種 4軸 Mazak機(jī)床和工作設(shè)置。 圖 1.1 29 如果 VERICUT已經(jīng)啟動但是沒有裝載默認(rèn)用戶文件，退出 VE RICUT，然后再次啟動 VERICUT。應(yīng)該恢復(fù)系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)設(shè)置來執(zhí)行此示例。 如果默認(rèn)系統(tǒng)用戶文件沒有如期加載上，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行步驟 2。無論怎樣，報(bào)告此事 實(shí)為指導(dǎo)者分憂。 2. 顯示狀態(tài)窗口監(jiān)督加工操作 ? 在 VERICUT的菜單欄中，選擇 信息 狀態(tài) 這個(gè)狀態(tài)窗口提供有關(guān)當(dāng)前刀具軌跡記錄正在處理加工條件的信息。此窗口 可以懸空不斷監(jiān)測，或使用關(guān)閉 按鈕關(guān)閉它。你可以重新開放，并隨時(shí)關(guān)閉此窗 口。 3. 設(shè)置 VERICUT在每個(gè)文件的末尾停止處理 ? 在 VERICUT菜單欄中，選擇 設(shè)置動作 ? 在動作窗口中，停止段=每個(gè)文件的末尾 ? OK 4. 切入 VERICUT的庫存型號 ? 在 VERICUT的主窗口中，按下 播放到結(jié)尾 圖標(biāo)—一種切削刀具路徑模 擬。 30 圖 1.2 在這個(gè)例子中，以下錯(cuò)誤是可見的： 切口處有紅色加亮 錯(cuò)誤顏色表示材料從夾具取下。如果保持原樣，這可能會導(dǎo) 致刀具破損或損壞夾具。在刀柄接觸零件的地方也會有紅色標(biāo)記。 狀態(tài)窗口實(shí)時(shí)錯(cuò)誤揭示了 VERICUT在進(jìn)行此刀具路徑處理時(shí)檢測到的 9處錯(cuò)誤。 VERICUT使用高分辨率的圖形和彩色底紋來提供加工過程中的優(yōu)良的可視性和加工 零件的高品質(zhì)的圖像。在 VERICUT中的模型代表了如何加工零件看起來就像實(shí)際上是 由數(shù)控機(jī)床加工一樣。 5. 在刀具路徑文件中檢查錯(cuò)誤 ? 在 VERICUT的主菜單中，選擇 分析刀具路徑檢查到刀具路徑窗口的演示。 31 圖 1.3 ? 在刀具路徑檢查窗口中，選擇錯(cuò)誤列中的第一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 需注意，該工具定位在發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤的位置。 當(dāng)在口袋中傾斜時(shí)刀體會帶出一些材料。 此刀不能在其中心切。因?yàn)榧t色標(biāo)記后加工，無需審查，可能已經(jīng)錯(cuò)過了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 這也有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤， “光”組件與“轉(zhuǎn)盤”組件沖突。此碰撞可能會有很嚴(yán)重的后果。 ? 當(dāng)查看完錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，選擇 文件關(guān)閉來關(guān)閉該刀具路徑回顧窗口。 6. 二次切入操作 ? 按下 播放至結(jié)尾 圖標(biāo)—零件會被翻轉(zhuǎn)并新的夾具夾緊。 32 圖 1.4 在此示例中，以下錯(cuò)誤是可見的： 突出的紅色錯(cuò)誤顏色表示材料從夾具中刪除。如果保持原樣，這可能會導(dǎo)致 刀具破損或損壞夾具。 狀態(tài)窗口的錯(cuò)誤表示 VERICUT在刀具路徑處理過程中檢測到 2個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 VERICUT使用高分辨率的圖形和彩色底紋來提供加工過程中的優(yōu)良的可視性和加工 零件的高品質(zhì)的圖像。在 VERICUT中的模型代表了如何加工零件看起來就像實(shí)際上是 由數(shù)控機(jī)床加工一樣。 7. 檢查刀具軌跡文件中的錯(cuò)誤 選擇 分析刀具路徑檢查 來顯示刀具路徑檢查窗口并且在二次刀具路徑中檢查 錯(cuò)誤。 33 圖 1.5 ? 當(dāng)完成錯(cuò)誤檢查，選擇文件關(guān)閉來關(guān)閉刀具路徑檢查窗口。 日志文件是由 VERICUT在仿真過程中發(fā)生的任何錯(cuò)誤所自動創(chuàng)建，當(dāng)錯(cuò)誤被檢測 到時(shí)，VERICUT 日志文件信息會確定所產(chǎn)生的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)據(jù)塊，以及該塊的刀具路徑文件 中的行號。VERICUT 日志文件包含另外可用信息，例如：什么時(shí)候和刀具路徑文件進(jìn) 行了處理，模擬加工時(shí)間，還有更多。日志文件可以通過菜單信息查看，如下一步驟。 8. 查看日志文件并搜索錯(cuò)誤信息 ? 在 VERICUT菜單中，選擇 信息 VERICUT 日志 ? 進(jìn)入搜索方式， “錯(cuò)誤”在 VERICUT日志窗口頂部的文本字段中 ? 選擇 向前搜索圖標(biāo) 34 錯(cuò)誤消息可以迅速通過反復(fù)單擊向前搜索定位 加工刀具路徑文件中的 VERICUT日志文件： 圖 1.6 9. 關(guān)閉日志文件窗口 ? 在 VERICUT記錄窗口中，選擇： 文件退出 來關(guān)閉該窗口。 35 10.退出 VERICUT ? 在 VERICUT菜單欄中，選擇 文件退出（回答否的通知窗口不會覆蓋主樣本文 件） 本次演示提供的執(zhí)行和與 VERICUT互動的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，是通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用戶的操作。從刀具 路徑模擬創(chuàng)建的 VERICUT日志文件被視為獲取有關(guān)驗(yàn)證信息，和由 VERICUT檢測到的 錯(cuò)誤。 第二節(jié) — 典型的 VERICUT章節(jié)（NC 文件） 本章節(jié)介紹了如何設(shè)置 VERICUT用于加工刀具路徑文件。為了模擬一個(gè)刀具路徑 的切斷動作，下面的操作必須被執(zhí)行： a) 定義毛坯的尺寸，形狀和被加工位置。 b) 指定一個(gè)由 VERICUT待處理的刀具路徑文件，并找到它的起源。 c) 指示怎樣的刀具描述會被提供。 VERICUT的典型