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編號(hào)
無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
相關(guān)資料
題目： 印刷標(biāo)記對(duì)準(zhǔn)機(jī)構(gòu)
信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專(zhuān)業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923023
學(xué)生姓名： 董譯文
指導(dǎo)教師： 唐正寧 （職稱(chēng)：副教授 ）
（職稱(chēng)： ）
2013年5月25日
目 錄
一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告
二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文
三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢查及落實(shí)表”
四、實(shí)習(xí)鑒定表
無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
開(kāi)題報(bào)告
題目： 印刷標(biāo)記對(duì)準(zhǔn)機(jī)構(gòu)
信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 專(zhuān)業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923023
學(xué)生姓名： 董譯文
指導(dǎo)教師： 唐正寧（職稱(chēng)：副教授）
（職稱(chēng)： ）
2012年11月20日
課題來(lái)源
課題來(lái)源于輕工機(jī)械廠(chǎng)生產(chǎn)咖啡粉，為包裝咖啡粉設(shè)計(jì)一臺(tái)咖啡粉枕式包裝機(jī)。為保證封袋的外觀(guān)總體質(zhì)量和包裝密封要求、提高生產(chǎn)效率，設(shè)計(jì)一臺(tái)枕式包裝機(jī)。分析包裝過(guò)程各動(dòng)作的先后順序和各動(dòng)作之間的相互關(guān)系，依照咖啡粉包裝袋的包裝要，確定咖啡粉包裝機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)配置型式及結(jié)構(gòu)方案。本課題主要進(jìn)行包裝機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)。
包裝機(jī)械是指能完成全部或部分產(chǎn)品和商品包裝過(guò)程的機(jī)械。包裝過(guò)程包括充填、裹包、封口等主要工序，以及與其相關(guān)的前后工序，如清洗、堆碼和拆卸等。此外，包裝還包括計(jì)量或在包裝件上蓋印等工序。使用機(jī)械包裝產(chǎn)品可提高生產(chǎn)率，減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，適應(yīng)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的需要，并滿(mǎn)足清潔衛(wèi)生的要求。
目前我國(guó)大多數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)較為先進(jìn)的包裝機(jī)械的研發(fā)還處在仿制階級(jí)，獨(dú)立開(kāi)發(fā)的能力還十分有限。為此，不少?lài)?guó)外大企業(yè)將自己的技術(shù)和部件引入中國(guó)，在本土加工,從而降低了成本，與本土產(chǎn)品展開(kāi)了激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
包裝鏈高度自動(dòng)化的大部分包裝工作，特別是較復(fù)雜的包裝物品的排列、裝配等工作基本上是人工操作，難以保證包裝的統(tǒng)一和穩(wěn)定，可能造成對(duì)被包裝產(chǎn)品的污染。因此，提高整個(gè)包裝鏈的自動(dòng)化水平和質(zhì)量水平，是非常重要的。真正的現(xiàn)代化包裝機(jī)械的每個(gè)機(jī)械手均應(yīng)由電腦控制，并具有對(duì)材質(zhì)及厚度的高分辨能力。
業(yè)內(nèi)人士認(rèn)為，未來(lái)包裝業(yè)將配合產(chǎn)業(yè)自動(dòng)化趨勢(shì)，在技術(shù)發(fā)展上朝著機(jī)械功能多元化，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、模組化，控制智能化，結(jié)構(gòu)高精度化等幾個(gè)方向發(fā)展。
機(jī)械功能多元化已趨向精致化和多元化方向發(fā)展，單品種大批量的產(chǎn)品越來(lái)越少，而多品種小批量的產(chǎn)品日益成為主流。在大環(huán)境的變化趨勢(shì)下，多元化、具有多種切換功能，能適應(yīng)多種包材和模具更換的包裝機(jī)才能夠適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的需求。例如，在一臺(tái)泡罩包裝機(jī)上既能進(jìn)行“鋁塑”包裝又能進(jìn)行“鋁鋁”包裝，且要求切換簡(jiǎn)單，所需更換的模具少。而目前，更換模具的時(shí)間一般在1～2個(gè)小時(shí)，如此長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間無(wú)法適應(yīng)多品種小批量的生產(chǎn)要求。
結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模塊化對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)說(shuō)，如果想要推出一個(gè)新機(jī)型，需要進(jìn)行大量繁重的工作，還要靠新設(shè)備收回高昂的設(shè)計(jì)成本，從而拉高了新機(jī)型的價(jià)格。未來(lái)的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)理念，能夠充分利用原有機(jī)型的模塊化設(shè)計(jì)，可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)將之轉(zhuǎn)換成新機(jī)型，把新機(jī)型的價(jià)格控制在比較合理的范圍內(nèi)。
科學(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；應(yīng)用前景等）
（1）課題科學(xué)意義
枕式包裝機(jī)是用于包裝產(chǎn)品，使產(chǎn)品增長(zhǎng)其保質(zhì)期，增加產(chǎn)品美觀(guān)度的一種機(jī)械本包裝機(jī)是針對(duì)固型物的包裝而設(shè)計(jì)的，適合于包裝各類(lèi)固態(tài)有規(guī)則的物
體，如食品類(lèi)的餅干、面包、月餅、糖果等，以及日用品、工業(yè)零件等，對(duì)于散狀物或個(gè)體分離的物體，則須將被包物先置于盒內(nèi)，或?qū)⒅壥梢惑w，使之形成一個(gè)整體后，才可在本機(jī)上包裝，至于其它非固態(tài)的被包物亦須準(zhǔn)此要領(lǐng)。
隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的日益發(fā)展壯大，包裝工業(yè)也以年均18%的速度快速發(fā)展，但與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比，無(wú)論在產(chǎn)品品種、技術(shù)水平和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量方面都有很大差距。在我國(guó)包裝工業(yè)快速發(fā)展的進(jìn)程中，大量技術(shù)含量高的成套設(shè)備仍依靠進(jìn)口。我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械對(duì)國(guó)外高端技術(shù)的過(guò)度依賴(lài)已成為嚴(yán)重制約我國(guó)包裝工業(yè)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的隱憂(yōu)。鑒于以上原因，且包裝行業(yè)又屬于配套行業(yè)，涉及國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的許多領(lǐng)域（2）JPEG壓縮的研究狀況及其發(fā)展前景。
（2）應(yīng)用前景
本課題緊密結(jié)合生產(chǎn)實(shí)際的課題，對(duì)學(xué)生了解和掌握包裝機(jī)提高工程設(shè)計(jì)和解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力具有很重要的意義 。
通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)這臺(tái)機(jī)器，可以讓學(xué)生掌握相關(guān)的知識(shí)及技能，傳授給學(xué)生整體的設(shè)計(jì)方法、設(shè)計(jì)理念，對(duì)提高學(xué)生的綜合分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力及社會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力有積極的作用。
研究?jī)?nèi)容
設(shè)計(jì)一種用于咖啡粉包裝機(jī)，原理方案的功能實(shí)現(xiàn)，總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)，結(jié)構(gòu)形式，結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，工作參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)要求如下：
1. 閱讀外文資料，翻譯與所學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)或課題相關(guān)的外文文獻(xiàn)5000字左右，語(yǔ)句通順、流暢、準(zhǔn)確；
2．了解印刷色標(biāo)對(duì)準(zhǔn)機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理
3．根據(jù)加工產(chǎn)品具體結(jié)構(gòu)和加工要求，擬定分析設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)方案
4．繪制 整套零件圖，裝配圖，各零件的精度配合
6. 撰寫(xiě)論文，要求符合本科論文的格式要求，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔、流暢、層次分明。上機(jī)時(shí)數(shù)不少于200小時(shí)，整個(gè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的技術(shù)工作要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、靈活、工作要有主動(dòng)性，計(jì)算方法、計(jì)算的程序、計(jì)算結(jié)果、結(jié)論要正確。
擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線(xiàn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案及可行性分析
本課題是咖啡粉枕式包裝機(jī)及其計(jì)量裝置的設(shè)計(jì)，需要解決的問(wèn)題主要有:根據(jù)包裝袋的形狀、尺寸、袋內(nèi)咖啡的體積、封邊方式的要求完成包裝袋封口位置、裝料位置及計(jì)量裝置形式的選擇；卷筒、光電檢測(cè)器、成形器、牽引棍、縱封棍等部件先后位置的確定;橫封頭及加料裝置的設(shè)計(jì);不等速機(jī)構(gòu)、無(wú)級(jí)變速機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)及位置布置;差動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì);誤差補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)各個(gè)部分誤差進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。
實(shí)驗(yàn)方案 分析封袋的封裝要求以及封袋總體尺寸確定包裝的總體工藝方案。包裝過(guò)程：片狀包裝紙由卷筒引出，經(jīng)光電檢測(cè)器再由成形器成形和牽引輥，縱封輥制成包裝。已充填包裝物的包裝袋上下整形輸出，經(jīng)輸送帶送到橫封頭橫封并切斷排出成品。傳動(dòng)部分是：主電機(jī)將運(yùn)動(dòng)傳入橫封傳動(dòng)軸，再經(jīng)不等速機(jī)構(gòu)帶動(dòng)橫封頭傳動(dòng)，不等速機(jī)構(gòu)是用來(lái)調(diào)整橫封頭的封切瞬時(shí)速度，使之與包裝袋移動(dòng)速度同步的。調(diào)節(jié)無(wú)級(jí)變速差動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)可以得到所需袋長(zhǎng)。
工藝方案確定后，根據(jù)封袋的大小及咖啡的多少來(lái)確定各個(gè)部分的尺寸，保證各個(gè)部件之間工作連續(xù)可靠，包裝機(jī)總體結(jié)構(gòu)的緊湊，本裝置用容積計(jì)量裝置對(duì)粉式裝料咖啡進(jìn)行計(jì)量。為保證封袋兩側(cè)大小相等，故在機(jī)構(gòu)中有成形器和牽引棍。為保證包裝紙的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度與橫封速度的同步，故用光電傳感器對(duì)其進(jìn)行檢測(cè)并用超越電機(jī)動(dòng)作使之運(yùn)動(dòng)或制動(dòng)停止達(dá)到對(duì)速度誤差進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償?shù)哪康?。為了避免包裝過(guò)程中得到的袋長(zhǎng)誤差，故有調(diào)節(jié)無(wú)級(jí)變速差動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)可以對(duì)得到的袋長(zhǎng)加以調(diào)整。
所設(shè)計(jì)的設(shè)備應(yīng)能滿(mǎn)足咖啡粉包裝要求，保證包裝膜對(duì)正，便于調(diào)整，結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，工作可靠，便于維修。
研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果
研究計(jì)劃：
2009年10月12日-2009年12月25日：按照任務(wù)書(shū)要求查閱論文相關(guān)參考資料，填寫(xiě)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告書(shū)。
2010年1月11日-2010年3月5日：填寫(xiě)畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告。
2010年3月8日-2010年3月14日：按照要求修改畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告。
2010年3月15日-2010年3月21日：學(xué)習(xí)并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的英文材料。
2010年3月22日-2010年4月11日：圖紙?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)。
2010年4月12日-2010年4月25日：計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)。
2010年4月26日-2010年5月21日：畢業(yè)論文撰寫(xiě)和修改工作。
預(yù)期成果：
明確對(duì)準(zhǔn)機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)期達(dá)到的性能指標(biāo)和工作路線(xiàn)。
總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)，可行性的分析。
對(duì)準(zhǔn)機(jī)構(gòu)的初步設(shè)計(jì)，總體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，各部件的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。
分析驗(yàn)證,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。
完成二維圖和三維圖的繪制。
完成三維總裝圖的動(dòng)態(tài)展示。
完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。
特色或創(chuàng)新之處
本課題是經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)包裝要求和條件的分析，選擇型號(hào)為Y802-4的電機(jī)，選擇了v帶和蝸桿蝸輪機(jī)構(gòu)作為減速機(jī)構(gòu)，運(yùn)用了齒輪傳動(dòng)和同步帶傳動(dòng)并且對(duì)齒輪、軸、帶輪、蝸桿蝸輪進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)校核，所設(shè)計(jì)的包裝機(jī)橫封、豎封、走帶都是用凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)，主要針對(duì)用塑料袋包裝的食品。其計(jì)量裝置采用容積計(jì)量主要是針對(duì)咖啡粉一類(lèi)粉狀食品設(shè)計(jì)的。計(jì)量用的量杯可以根據(jù)包裝食品體積的不同做相應(yīng)大小的內(nèi)徑。料盤(pán)采用回轉(zhuǎn)式圓盤(pán)，四周均勻分布四個(gè)量杯，其回轉(zhuǎn)一周可以完成四個(gè)計(jì)量動(dòng)作。橫向封切裝置采用了結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)，能夠快速的完成一個(gè)行程，為保證封袋兩側(cè)大小相等，故在機(jī)構(gòu)中有成形器和牽引棍。為保證包裝紙的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度與橫封速度的同步，故用光電傳感器對(duì)其進(jìn)行檢測(cè)并用超越電機(jī)動(dòng)作使之運(yùn)動(dòng)或制動(dòng)停止達(dá)到對(duì)速度誤差進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償?shù)哪康?。為了避免包裝過(guò)程中得到的袋長(zhǎng)誤差，故有調(diào)節(jié)無(wú)級(jí)變速差動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)可以對(duì)得到的袋長(zhǎng)加以調(diào)整，從而提高了封切效率。
已具備的條件和尚需解決的問(wèn)題
1.進(jìn)行執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)方案的設(shè)計(jì)與分析和各執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系的處理；
2.成型器.橫封.縱封.切斷等機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)；
3.具體零件圖、裝配圖的繪制。
指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn)
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
2012年 11 月 30日
教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見(jiàn)
教研室主任簽名：
年 月 日
系意見(jiàn)
主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名：
年 月 日
英文原文
Packing machinery development
Our country packs the mechanical profession start in the 20th century 70's, and the 90's intermediate stages obtains the rapid development in the end of the 80's. Has become in the mechanical industry one of 10 big professions, regardless of is the output, in the variety, has all obtained the amazing achievement, packed the industry for our country the fast development to provide the powerful safeguard. At present, our country has become the world packing mechanical industrial production and expends one of great nations.
Current our country food and a packing machinery prominent question is the new product development cycle long, imitates much, innovates few, not only this with designs personnel's state-of-art related, also concerns with the correlation profession development. The international advanced method utilizes the simulation technology, by the computer automatic synthesis three-dimensional model, will pass has occurred production line breakdown data feeds the computer, then will demonstrate the actual operating mode, according to will need to carry on the revision in front of the user, finally will consummate. The packing machinery took one product, its meaning is not merely the product itself material significance, but is includes the form product, the stealth product and extends the product 3 meanings. The form product is refers to packaging machine itself the concrete shape and the basic function; The stealth product is refers to the packaging machine the actual utility which provides to the user; Extends the product is refers to the packaging machine the quality assurance, the use instruction and the post-sale service and so on. Therefore the packaging machine design should include: Market investigation and study, schematic diagram design, structural design, construction drawing design, instruction for use compilation and post-sale service predetermined plan and so on.
The new packing machinery often is machine, the electricity, the gas integration equipment. The full use information product newest achievement, uses air operated separation transmission technologies and so on implementing agency, servo motor-driven, may cause the complete machine the transmission chain to reduce greatly, the structure is greatly the simplification, the work precision and the speed enhances greatly. One of key technologies has used the multi-electrical machinery dragging synchronization control technology. Actually grasps this kind of technology not very difficultly, only is some designs the personnel not to understand the packing machinery this trend of development. If beforehand our country packs the machine design is the imitation, the study stage, then we should have the innovation design consciousness now.
The product design is the plan for the product and its components and subassemblies. To convert the product design into a physical entity, a manufacturing plan is needed. The activity of developing such a plan is called process planning. It is the link between product design and manufacturing. Process planning involves determining the sequence of processing and assembly steps that must be accomplished to make the product. In the present chapter, we examine processing planning and several related topics.
Process Planning
Process planning involves determining the most appropriate manufacturing and assembly processes and the sequence in which they should be accomplished to produce a given part or product according to specifications set forth in the product design documentation. The scope and variety of processes that can be planned are generally limited by the available processing equipment and technological capabilities of the company of plant. Parts that cannot be made internally must be purchased from outside vendors. It should be mentioned that the choice of processes is also limited by the details of the product design. This is a point we will return to later.
Process planning is usually accomplished by manufacturing engineers. The process planner must be familiar with the particular manufacturing processes available in the factory and be able to interpret engineering drawings. Based on the planner’s knowledge, skill, and experience, the processing steps are developed in the most logical sequence to make each part. Following is a list of the many decisions and details usually include within the scope of process planning.
Interpretation of design drawings. The part of product design must be analyzed (materials, dimensions, tolerances, surface finished, etc.) at the start of the process planning procedure.
Process and sequence. The process planner must select which processes are required and their sequence. A brief description of processing steps must be prepared.
Equipment selection. In general, process planners must develop plans that utilize existing equipment in the plant. Otherwise, the component must be purchased, or an investment must be made in new equipment.
Tools, dies, molds, fixtures, and gages. The process must decide what tooling is required for each processing step. The actual design and fabrication of these tools is usually delegated to a tool design department and tool room, or an outside vendor specializing in that type of tool is contacted.
Methods analysis. Workplace layout, small tools, hoists for lifting heavy parts, even in some cases hand and body motions must be specified for manual operations. The industrial engineering department is usually responsible for this area.
Work standards. Work measurement techniques are used to set time standards for each operation.
Cutting tools and cutting conditions. These must be specified for machining operations, often with reference to standard handbook recommendations.
Process planning for parts
For individual parts, the processing sequence is documented on a form called a route sheet. Just as engineering drawings are used to specify the product design, route sheets are used to specify the process plan. They are counterparts, one for product design, the other for manufacturing.
A typical processing sequence to fabricate an individual part consists of: (1) a basic process, (2) secondary processes, (3) operations to enhance physical properties, and (4) finishing operations. A basic process determines the starting geometry of the work parts. Metal casting, plastic molding, and rolling of sheet metal are examples of basic processes. The starting geometry must often be refined by secondary processes, operations that transform the starting geometry (or close to final geometry). The secondary geometry processes that might be used are closely correlated to the basic process that provides the starting geometry. When sand casting is the basic processes, machining operations are generally the second processes. When a rolling mill produces sheet metal, stamping operations such as punching and bending are the secondary processes. When plastic injection molding is the basic process, secondary operations are often unnecessary, because most of the geometric features that would otherwise require machining can be created by the molding operation. Plastic molding and other operation that require no subsequent secondary processing are called net shape processes. Operations that require some but not much secondary processing (usually machining) are referred to as near net shape processes. Some impression die forgings are in this category. These parts can often be shaped in the forging operation (basic processes) so that minimal machining (secondary processing) is required.
Once the geometry has been established, the next step for some parts is to improve their mechanical and physical properties. Operations to enhance properties do not alter the geometry of the part; instead, they alter physical properties. Heat treating operations on metal parts are the most common examples. Similar heating treatments are performed on glass to produce tempered glass. For most manufactured parts, these property-enhancing operations are not required in the processing sequence.
Finally finish operations usually provide a coat on the work parts (or assembly) surface. Examples included electroplating, thin film deposition techniques, and painting. The purpose of the coating is to enhance appearance, change color, or protect the surface from corrosion, abrasion, and so forth. Finishing operations are not required on many parts; for example, plastic molding rarely require finishing. When is required, it is usually the final step in the processing sequence.
Processing Planning for Assemblies
The type of assembly method used for a given product depends on factors such as: (1) the anticipated production quantities; (2) complexity of the assembled product, for example, the number of distinct components; and (3) assembly processes used, for example, mechanical assembly versus welding. For a product that is to be made in relatively small quantities, assembly is usually performed on manual assembly lines. For simple products of a dozen or so components, to be made in large quantities, automated assembly systems are appropriate. In any case, there is a precedence order in which the work must be accomplished. The precedence requirements are sometimes portrayed graphically on a precedence diagram.
Process planning for assembly involves development of assembly instructions, but in more detail .For low production quantities, the entire assembly is completed at a single station. For high production on an assembly line, process planning consists of allocating work elements to the individual stations of the line, a procedure called line balancing. The assembly line routes the work unit to individual stations in the proper order as determined by the line balance solution. As in process planning for individual components, any tools and fixtures required to accomplish an assembly task must be determined, designed, built, and the workstation arrangement must be laid out.
Make or Buy Decision
An important question that arises in process planning is whether a given part should be produced in the company’s own factory or purchased from an outside vendor, and the answer to this question is known as the make or buy decision. If the company does not possess the technological equipment or expertise in the particular manufacturing processes required to make the part, then the answer is obvious: The part must be purchased because there is no internal alternative. However, in many cases, the part could either be made internally using existing equipment, or it could be purchased externally from a vendor that process similar manufacturing capability.
In our discussion of the make or buy decision, it should be recognized at the outset that nearly all manufactures buy their raw materials from supplies. A machine shop purchases its starting bar stock from a metals distributor and its sand castings from a foundry. A plastic molding plant buys its molding compound from a chemical company. A stamping press factory purchases sheet metal either fro a distributor or direct from a rolling mill. Very few companies are vertically integrated in their production operations all the way from raw materials, it seems reasonable to consider purchasing at least some of the parts that would otherwise be produced in its own plant. It is probably appropriate to ask the make or buy question for every component that is used by the company.
There are a number of factors that enter into the make or buy decision. One would think that cost is the most important factor in determining whether to produce the part or purchase it. If an outside vendor is more proficient than the company’s own plant in the manufacturing processes used to make the part, then the internal production cost is likely to be greater than the purchase price even after the vendor has included a profit. However, if the decision to purchase results in idle equipment and labor in the company’s own plant, then the apparent advantage of purchasing the part may be lost. Consider the following example make or Buy Decision.
“十五” period, our country packs the mechanical industrial development to be rapid, in recent years imports the equipment all is domestic cannot make or the manufacture level is far from, may see our disparity from the import to be at. Food security problem whole nation attention. “十一五” period should enhance food security domain the science and technology and the equipment level, the development fast, in accurate appraisal food harms the factor the technology and the equipment, further researches and develops the pathogenic microorganism resistance, cause of disease prevention technologies and the preserve technology and the equipment and so on control. Food and the packing machinery form the profession already for 20 years, is opposite in food packing, a new profession. This 20 years also are the world technological development quickest times, the new technology applies unceasingly in the profession, but the domestic profession foundation is weak, technical and the scientific research lack of strength, its development relative lag, has towed food and the packing industry hind leg to a certain extent. Although overall development quick, but food packing mechanical industrial development is quicker.
the goal is must reduce this space, catches up with the world advanced level for the food industry, for causes the packing great nation to make great strides forward to the packing powerful nation, provides the advanced technical equip, lets import the equipment the role which only plays in the domestic market appropriates lost articles fills a vacancy. This request domestic food and the packing machinery year development speed surpasses 18%, the new product output value rate achieves 25%. On the international packing and food machinery development is take the big customer request as the goal, the impetus correlation machinery development. The big customer request mainly manifests in the below aspect: One, is higher well to the production efficiency request. This may reduce the product the cost, satisfies the date of delivery. The high speed packaging machine request must have the correlation engagement with the first working procedure, does not have to transport the link, including the control engagement, the entire production line must achieve the inverted order according to the production and the packing working procedure arrangement to start, smooth engine off. If Leng Guanzhuang the production line makes something a matter of political line automatically from the plastic raw material to the drink fills installs, the big packing piles buttress completely automatically in seals up in the workshop to carry on. Two, may adapt the product renewal change. The packing machinery must have the very high flexibility and the flexibility, the production line permission the packing material size may change in certain size scope. Because product life cycle far short in useful life of equipment, change product and packing not as for replacement expensive packing production line. Three is the equipment common breakdown rapid elimination. The solution inputs the computer in advance, when the equipment appears the common breakdown may diagnose voluntarily, also may implement the long-distance diagnosis to eliminate the breakdown abreast in row. Four, the request h