2019-2020年高中英語 Unit23 Conflict難句.剖析.拓展 北師大版選修8.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit23 Conflict難句.剖析.拓展 北師大版選修8 1. He’s bid his furnished apartment goodbye after plaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep. 在他的鄰居抱怨失眠后, 他告別了裝修好的住房。 剖析：這是一個(gè)簡單句，He’s bid his furnished apartment goodbye是句子的主語、謂語和賓語。after plaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep是時(shí)間狀語。bid sth. goodbye “告別某物”。 拓展：用介詞短語作時(shí)間狀語比用從句更簡練，例如在本句中, after plaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep是由after his neighbours plained about loss of sleep縮略來的。 2. Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn’t have moved into the building. 如果知道他們的鄰居是個(gè)鼓手, 他們不會(huì)搬進(jìn)這個(gè)大樓來。 剖析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句, Had they known是倒裝的條件從句, 其中their neighbour was a drummer是賓語從句, they wouldn’t have moved into the building是主句。本句是與過去情況有關(guān)的虛擬語氣句。 拓展：在虛擬語氣句中, 當(dāng)從句含有had, were, should 等詞時(shí), 可以把if省略, 把had, were, should等提到句首。 3. “It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a warning，”a council member said. “我們是在認(rèn)真考慮后, 才給楊明一個(gè)警告的, ”一名居委會(huì)成員說。 剖析：這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句, 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語only after careful consideration。 拓展：強(qiáng)調(diào)句的作用是加強(qiáng)語氣, 把It is/was...that...省略后, 整體意義不受影響。此句可以改為：We gave Yang Ming a warning only after careful consideration. 4. Getting enough sleep is important for people’s health and after such a chorus of plaints, we had to take action. 得到充足的睡眠對人的健康來說是重要的, 在收到如此一致的投訴之后, 我們不得不采取了行動(dòng)。 剖析：這是一個(gè)由and連接的并列句, 第一個(gè)并列分句是Getting enough sleep is important for people’s health, Getting enough sleep是動(dòng)名詞作主語；第二個(gè)并列分句是after such a chorus of plaints, we had to take action。 拓展： such有下面的用法: 1) such a (an)+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 This is such a lovely hill that I will pay a visit to it again. 2)such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 The teachers you have already seen are such great men. 3)such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞 The people we often talk about have such useful knowledge. 4)such a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+as從句 She is such a writer as he referred to at the meeting. 5)such +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+as從句 They are such books as I bought in Harbin. 6)such+不可數(shù)名詞+as從句(as可作主語、表語或賓語) I know that such knowledge as is mentioned by him is useful. 5. Smith lives above the McKays and it appears that not only is he a keen gardener, he is also a fish collector. 史密斯住在邁奇一家人的樓上, 看起來他不僅熱衷于園藝, 還是個(gè)魚類收藏家。 剖析：這是一個(gè)由and連接的并列句。Smith lives above the McKays是第一個(gè)并列分句。第二個(gè)并列分句又是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句, it appears that 是主句, it是形式主語, not only is he a keen gardener, he is also a fish collector是真正的主語從句, 其中包含一個(gè)not only...(but) also...連接的并列句。 拓展： 1)not only...(but) also 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞要和最近的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。如： Not only Mr. Lin but also his son has joined the Party. （連接兩個(gè)主語) 2)not only...(but) also 連接兩個(gè)分句, 并且 not only 位于句首時(shí), 第一個(gè)分句中的主語和謂語要部分倒裝。如: Not only did he speak English correctly, but also he spoke it fluently. 3)not only...(but) also 連接兩個(gè)并列成分時(shí), not only不能分開使用, 但 but also 卻可以分開使用。可以省略 but 或 also , 也可以把 but also 都省略掉。如: He was not only pelled to stay at home, (but) also forbidden to see his friend. 6. We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would e from above that we’d be as wet as if we’d showered with our clothes on! 我們本來坐在那里開開心心地看報(bào)紙, 突然間很多水從天而降, 我們就好像穿著衣服洗澡一樣全身濕透！ 剖析：這是一個(gè)由when連接的并列句, 第一個(gè)并列分句是We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, 在第二個(gè)并列分句中, suddenly so much water would e from above是主句, that we’d be as wet是結(jié)果狀語從句, as if we’d showered with our clothes on是方式狀語從句。 拓展：when作為并列連詞, 表示“就在這時(shí)（發(fā)生了另一件事）”, 常常用于下面的三種情況: 1)sb. be doing sth. when sth. happened. 某人正干某事, 這時(shí)發(fā)生了一件事情。 2 )sb. be about to do sth. when sth. happened. 某人要干某事, 這時(shí)發(fā)生了一件事情。 3)sb. had done sth. when sth. happened. 某人剛干完某事, 這時(shí)發(fā)生了一件事情。 7. Do Chuc is a forty-eight-year-old Vietnamese farmer whose two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers in My Lai that day. 杜沙是一個(gè)48歲的越南農(nóng)民, 他的兩個(gè)女兒和一個(gè)姑姑在 “美來大屠殺”那天被美國兵殺害了。 剖析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句, Do Chuc is a forty-eight-year-old Vietnamese farmer是主句, whose two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers in My Lai that day是一個(gè)限制性定語從句, 修飾farmer。在限制性定語從句中用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 拓展：表示人的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有who, whom, whose, 在從句中, who可以作主語、表語、賓語和同位語, whom可以作表語、賓語和同位語, whose作定語。 8. One of their men, speaking in English, remarked that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over. 他們中有個(gè)人會(huì)說英語, 他說他在英格蘭工作過好幾, 他對這場討厭的戰(zhàn)爭煩透了, 如果戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束他會(huì)非常高興。 剖析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句, One of their men remarked...是主句, 兩個(gè)that都引導(dǎo)賓語從句。when it was over是時(shí)間狀語從句。speaking in English是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。be fed up with...“對某事非常厭煩”。 拓展：分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)主動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句, 過去分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。speaking in English＝who spoke in English。 9. We ‘d formed a bond and during the whole of Boxing Day we never fired a shot and they the same;each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling. 我們訂了個(gè)合同, 在圣誕節(jié)期間, 我們一槍也沒有打, 他們也沒有打，每一方似乎都在等著另一方采取行動(dòng)。 剖析：本句為由分號(hào)隔開的并列句。第一個(gè)分句中含有由and連接的并分句，they the same是一個(gè)省略句，可還原為they did the same thing。each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling中seemed to be waiting是不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。to set the ball rolling是不定式作賓語的補(bǔ)足語。 拓展： 不定式的進(jìn)行式表示的動(dòng)作或情況與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 1)常位于 appear, happen, pretend, seem等之后。如: He seems to be living in the area. 他似乎就住在這一帶。 2)常位于hope，promise等之后。如: I hope to be earning my living in a year’s time. 我希望在一內(nèi)能自食其力。 3)常位于被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)的 believe, consider, suppose, think等之后。如: He is believed to be living in Mexico. 據(jù)信他現(xiàn)在住在墨西哥。 10. The general was ing to give him the award because he happened to be number twenty thousand to e through this hospital. 將軍來給他頒獎(jiǎng)是因?yàn)樗檬沁M(jìn)入這個(gè)醫(yī)院的第兩萬個(gè)傷員。 剖析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句, The general was ing to give him the award是主句, because he happened to be number ...是原因狀語從句。 拓展： 1)e, go, leave等詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可以表示將來的動(dòng)作。 2)sb. + happen+ to do sth. 表示“某人碰巧做某事”。如: I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一個(gè)朋友。 還可用“It happens/happened that...”這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。如: It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon. 碰巧那天下午他不得不參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。 11. A handful of fire fighters came, but nobody dared to go near the plane because it was on fire and we couldn’t find out if it still had its bombs and tanks full of petrol. 幾個(gè)消防隊(duì)員趕到了, 但由于飛機(jī)還在著火, 我們又無法確定上面是否有炸彈, 是否裝滿了汽油, 所以沒有人敢靠近它。 剖析：這是一個(gè)由but連接的并列復(fù)合句, 第一個(gè)并列分句是A handful of fire fighters came, 第二個(gè)并列分句是nobody dared to go near the plane。在because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句中, 包含一個(gè)由and連接的并列分句, it was on fire 和we couldn’t find out , if引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句 it still had its bombs and tanks full o petrol，此處的if表示“是否”。 拓展： 1)find out, find, discover和invent的辨析: find out表示查出一件事情, 而find表示找到某個(gè)東西。 discover表示發(fā)現(xiàn)原來存在的人和物。invent表示創(chuàng)造和發(fā)明原來沒有的東西。 2)全否定和半否定 全否定的詞有:nobody, nothing, none, not, no, never, neither, none, nothing...。 半否定的詞有:not all, not every, not both, not each...。