河南省2019中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專題過關(guān) 專題十三 復(fù)合句課件.ppt

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,,中,考,英,,語,,2019,第二部分 語法專題過關(guān),專題十三 復(fù)合句,,CONTENTS,,目 錄,,PART 01 考情幫,,,PART 01 考情幫,,,命題點(diǎn),,考情總結(jié),分析河南近10年中考真題可知,賓語從句為河南中考的高頻考點(diǎn),主要在單項(xiàng)選擇中考查,賓語從句的三要素:語序、時態(tài)、引導(dǎo)詞均有涉及;定語從句是河南中考的必考點(diǎn),主要考查that, which,who引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句;對狀語從句的考查都會與從屬連詞相結(jié)合,主要在狀語從句中考查從屬連詞的辨析及應(yīng)用。,,命題點(diǎn),,圖解語法,,PART 02 考點(diǎn)幫,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,?語序 賓語從句要用陳述語序,即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其他“。陳述句作賓語從句時,應(yīng)用原陳述語序;疑問句作賓語從句時,原來的倒裝語序也要改為陳述語序。如: ①“She is a good student,“the teacher told us.=The teacher told us(that)she was a good student.老師告訴我們她是一個好學(xué)生。 ②Where does he live? Do you know?=Do you know where he lives?你知道他住在哪里嗎?,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,易失分點(diǎn) (1)“Whats wrong/the matter(with sb.)?“作賓語從句時,其本身就是陳述語序。如: He asked me what was the matter with you. 他問我你怎么了。 (2)當(dāng)兩個或多個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由并列連詞and連接時,除第一個從句中的that可省略外,其余從句中的that都不可省略。如: He said (that) the book was interesting and that all the children liked reading it. 他說這本書很有趣,并且所有孩子都喜歡讀。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,?時態(tài),①I dont know when he left last night. 我不知道昨晚他何時離開的。 ②Tell him when we will start. 告訴他我們將什么時候出發(fā)。,①Alex said he would go to London. 亞歷克斯說他要去倫敦。 ②He didnt say where he had been before. 他沒有說他之前去過什么地方。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,①M(fèi)y teacher said that the moon moves round the earth.我的老師說過月亮圍著地球轉(zhuǎn)。 ②Everyone knows that there are sixty minutes in an hour. 大家都知道一個小時有60分鐘。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,?引導(dǎo)詞,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,,考點(diǎn)4,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,,考點(diǎn)4,提分速記 if/whether都可作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,意為“是否“,但以下幾種情況只能用whether: (1)賓語從句在介詞之后時。如: It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow. 這取決于明天是否會下雨。 (2)后面直接跟or not時。如: I dont know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他們是否會來。 (3)與動詞不定式連用時。如: Check the prices before you decide whether to buy one. 在你決定是否要買一件物品之前,先查看一下價格。 (4)賓語從句提前,位于句首時。如: Whether they can come here on time, we dont know. 他們能否按時來這兒,我們不知道。 (5)用if會產(chǎn)生歧義時。如: Please tell me if you need help. 這句話有兩種意思:如果你需要幫助請告訴我。/請告訴我你是否需要幫助。若用whether只能表達(dá)第二種意思。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,,考點(diǎn)4,得分巧記 whether和if的異同 二者選一表“是否“,if,whether均可用, whether跟在介詞后,小心if生歧義。 可說whether or not,卻無 if or not。 可說whether to do sth., if 則無此用法。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,賓語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,?賓語從句的簡化 當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同,且主句的謂語動詞為remember, know, forget, learn, decide, choose, agree, ask, tell, show等時,從句可簡化為“(疑問詞)+動詞不定式“結(jié)構(gòu)。如: ①We decided that we would help the old man.=We decided to help the old man. 我們決定幫助這位老人。 ②She has forgotten how she can open the window.=She has forgotten how to open the window. 她已經(jīng)忘記了如何才能打開窗戶。 ?賓語從句的否定前移 在賓語從句中,當(dāng)謂語動詞是think, believe, expect等表示“認(rèn)為,猜想“的詞時,若要否定賓語從句,一般將主句變成否定句,即“否定前移“。如: I think they will lose the match. 我認(rèn)為他們將會輸?shù)暨@場比賽。(變?yōu)榉穸ň?→ I dont think they will lose the match. 我認(rèn)為他們不會輸?shù)暨@場比賽。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,定語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞可分為關(guān)系代詞(that, which, who, whom, whose)和關(guān)系副詞(why, when, where)。 ?關(guān)系代詞的用法,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,定語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,?關(guān)系副詞的用法,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,定語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,?關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法 1.只能用關(guān)系代詞that的情況: (1)當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing, little, few, all, some, none, much等時。如: There is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 沒有任何事能夠阻止他做這件事。 (2)當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same等修飾時。如: This is the very necklace (that) you want. 這就是你想要的那條項(xiàng)鏈。 (3)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時或先行詞本身就是序數(shù)詞時。如: This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 (4)當(dāng)先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, no, some等修飾時。 如: All the presents (that) your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.生日那天你的朋友們送給你的所有禮物你都應(yīng)該收好。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,定語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(5)當(dāng)定語從句的先行詞中既有人又有物時。如: They are talking of the designers and their works that interest them. 他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d趣的設(shè)計(jì)師及他們的作品。 (6)當(dāng)定語從句的主句是由who或which引導(dǎo)的疑問句時。如: Who is the person that is standing by the window?站在窗戶旁邊的那個人是誰? 2.關(guān)系代詞的省略 一般情況下,that, which, whom在從句中作賓語時可省略,但關(guān)系代詞which, whom在從句中作介詞賓語并且介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前時,不可省略。如: I remember the day on which I saw you for the first time.我記得我第一次見你的那一天。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,狀語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,,狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),在句中充當(dāng)狀語,按其用途主要分為時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和讓步狀語從句等。 1.狀語從句的分類和用法(講解見專題六 連詞 →考點(diǎn)2) 2.主句和從句時態(tài)一致,You can get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí),你就能取得好成績。,,考點(diǎn)1,,,,,考點(diǎn)幫,,狀語從句,,,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,,If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will visit the Great Wall. 如果明天不下雨,我們將去游覽長城。,Someone knocked at the door when we were having supper. 當(dāng)我們正在吃飯的時候,有人敲門。,