2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復習 單元知識匯總 Book 6 Unit 17 Laughter 北師大版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復習 單元知識匯總 Book 6 Unit 17 Laughter 北師大版 重點識記詞匯 1.burst out laughing突然笑起來 2.response n.回答 3.cash a cheque兌現(xiàn)支票 4.withdraw vt.提??；撤退 5.clarify vt.澄清，講清楚 6.delay n.延誤，延期；v.延誤 7.wait in line排隊 8.get rid of處理掉，擺脫 9.fool around胡鬧，瞎弄 10.from time to time不時地 11.result in導致，造成 12.acknowledge vt.認可，承認 13.figure n.人物；v.出現(xiàn)；考慮 14.resist vt.抵抗，抵制 15.scold vt.罵，責罵 16.forbid vt.禁止，不準 17.run into撞上 18.put on假裝；穿上(衣服)；上演；放上 19.turn sb.off令人討厭 20.regardless of不管，不顧 21.scared adj.驚恐的，擔驚受怕的→scare vt.使恐懼 22.desperate adj.不顧一切的 23.amuse vt.逗樂，使(某人)笑→amusement n.愉快 24.partly adv.部分地 25.politician n.政治家→politics n.政治→political adj.政治的 26.convince vt.使相信 27.agency n.代理處，經銷處→agent n.代理人，經銷商 28.play around四處游戲 29.harmony n.協(xié)調，和諧→harmonious adj.協(xié)調的，和諧的 30.pull faces做鬼臉 31.astonish vt.使驚訝，使驚駭→astonishment n.驚訝 32.thanks to多虧；由于 33.profession n.職業(yè)，專業(yè)→professional adj.職業(yè)的 34.messy adj.凌亂的，骯臟的→mess n.凌亂 35.universal adj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的→universe n.宇宙 36.starve vi.餓死，挨餓→starvation n.饑餓 37.forgetful adj.健忘的→forget v.忘記→forgettable adj.易忘的 38.acplish vt.取得(成功)，完成(任務)→acplished adj.完成的；熟練的；有才藝的→acplishment n.完成；成績 必背經典句式 1.The first time you listen，try to get the general idea and circle possible options. 你第一次聽的時候，盡量掌握大意并把可能的選項圈出來。 2.While still at primary school，Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent. 還在上小學時，羅恩就已經表現(xiàn)出令人贊嘆的表演天分。 3.Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word? 你有沒有拼不出單詞的時候？ 必背經典句式 4.Having scared the little beings，I began struggling to get loose and managed to break the strings that tied my left arm and slightly moved the strings that tied down my hair. 嚇唬了那些小人后，我開始掙扎松開并設法擺脫了綁在左胳膊上的繩子并順利地脫離了綁在頭發(fā)上的繩子。 5.And it was no wonder，for their doctors，by the Emperor’s order，had put a sleeping drug in with the wine. 這就不足為奇了，因為他們的醫(yī)生按照皇帝的旨意在酒里放了安眠藥。 構詞記憶 　acquaintance /?′kweInt?ns/n.1.[C]&[U]熟悉；熟知　2.[C]相識的人；熟人 allowance /?′la??ns/n.[C]津貼；補貼；零用錢 appearance /?′pI?r?ns/n.1.[多作不可數(shù)名詞]出現(xiàn)　2.[C]&[U]外觀；外貌 assistance /?′sIst?ns/n.[U]幫助；協(xié)助；援助 Ⅰ.詞匯與派生 A．語境填詞 1．The school principal forbids(禁止) the use of lipstick on campus. 2．He was unable to resist(抵抗) the temptation of taking the wallet. 3．The employer often scolded(責罵) his men on the slightest pretence. 4．The conditions are pretty desperate(絕望的) for people，particularly in these early stages. 5．I am happy to clarify(弄清) any points that are still unclear. 6．I did not acknowledge(承認) that he had done anything wrong. 7．Mary agreed，but she did not sound very convinced(令人信服的)． 8．We apologize for the delay(延遲) in answering your letter. 9．Although he has died，Mandela is still regarded as one of the most inspiring figures(人物) in the world. 10．He let out a long sigh，mainly of relief，partly(部分) of sadness. B．用所給詞的適當形式填空 11．The harmony (harmonious) of sea and sky makes a beautiful picture. 12．Some of them make no bones about their political (politician) views. 13．He stopped and watched with amusement (amuse) to see the child so absorbed. 14．I tell them to make it as clear as they can，but after that，everything gets messy (mess)． 15．Don’t you realize what a scare (scared) you’ve given us all? Ⅱ.短語運用 A．用方框內所給動詞短語的適當形式填空 result in，run into，burst out laughing，get rid of，turn...off，face up to，give away，make fun of，fool around, put on 16.Everyone in the room burst out laughing when they saw his funny actions. 17．You should get rid of all the old furniture in the room. 18．The bus went out of control and ran into a line of people. 19．What you say will turn others off，if your mouth is full of food. 20．Happily，her hard work resulted in her future success. 21．The pany put on a play about the homeless. 22．If you go to college，you must work hard，not fool around. 23．They made fun of Jim because of his strange hairstyle. 24．You have to face up to your responsibilities now that you have grown up. 25．Don’t giveaway to the public when we will start. B．用方框內所給短語的適當形式填空 regardless of，thanks to，from time to time 26.Thanksto your help，we succeeded in solving the problem. 27．Regard less of the bad weather，he went on working in the field. 28．From time to time she would stand suddenly from her chair，her eyes wide. Ⅲ.經典句式 29．The first time I saw her，I felt her beauty was beyond description. 當我第一次見到她時，我感到她的美無法用語言來描述。 30．If(I am)given another chance，I will do it much better. 如果再給我一次機會，我會把它做得更好。 31．The young mother had trouble (in)taking care of her baby. 這位年輕的母親在照看嬰兒方面有困難。 32．Having done that，I feel fortable saying that people rely on tools too much. 在這樣做之后，我可以心安理得的說人們太依賴于工具了。 33．It is no wonder that people have strong opinions about how to eat. 難怪人們對于怎么吃有著無數(shù)有力精辟的見識。 1 [應試指導]　作為高級詞匯替換reply give/make a quick response to對……做出很快的反應 in response to對……做出反應 in response作為回答，作為回應 respond vi.回答；回應；做出反應 respond to響應；回答 The product was developed in response to customer demand. 這種產品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發(fā)的。 [夯實基礎] 她有沒有回復你的信？(翻譯句子) Has she responded to your letter? 2 [應試指導]　后跟非謂語形式的考查 [多詞一義]　delay，put off，postpone delay doing sth.延遲做某事 without delay立即；毫不耽擱 Don’t delay claiming or you may lose benefit. 索賠從速，逾期利益可能受損。 Report it to the police without delay. 趕快將此事報告警方。 [夯實基礎] 同義句改寫 He delayed telling her the news，waiting for the right moment. He put off telling her the news，waiting for the right moment.(用同義短語替換delay) 3 be scared of害怕…… (be) scared to death嚇死了，嚇得要死 be scared to do...不敢做…… scare vt.驚嚇，使恐慌；n.驚恐，驚嚇 scare sb.into/out of doing...恐嚇某人做/不做…… scare...away/off把……嚇跑 What makes me scared most is that I’m going to end up not being married. 最讓我擔心的是我會一輩子嫁不出去。 We got a bit of scare.我們受了點驚嚇。 [夯實基礎] 語法填空 (1)Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well. (2)We lit fires to scare away/off the wolves. (3)I’m certainly not scared of him. 4 [應試指導]　(1)后跟非謂語動詞的用法　(2)寫作高分句式：It is acknowledged that...(sb./sth.be acknowledged＋不定式) acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as...認為某人/物是……；承認某人/物是…… acknowledge doing sth.承認做某事 It is universally acknowledged that...……是大家公認的 in acknowledgement of對……表示感謝 Naylor acknowledged，in a letter to the judge，that he was a drug addict. 內勒在給法官的信中承認自己吸毒。 There is an acknowledged risk of lung cancer from radon. 氡被認為有誘發(fā)肺癌的危險。 [夯實基礎] (1)It’s universally acknowledged that he is the best player in the world. He is universally acknowledged to be the best player in the world.(改為簡單句) (2)It is a truth which is universally acknowledged(公認的) that wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness. 5 [應試指導]　后跟非謂語動詞的考查 resist doing抵制做…… resist the temptation抵制誘惑 can’t resist doing...忍不住做…… be resistant to耐……的；對……有抵抗力的 She cannot resist giving him advice. 她忍不住給他提建議。 [夯實基礎] 語法填空 (1)I couldn’t resist telling (tell) him the secret. (2)He was unable to resist the temptation (tempt) of taking the wallet. 6 [應試指導]　后跟非謂語形式的考查 forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid sb.from doing...禁止某人做…… forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 It’s forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的。 They’ll forbid you to marry. 他們不會準許你結婚。 She was shut away and forbidden to read. 她被關了起來，并且不允許看書。 [夯實基礎] (1)語法填空 ①It’s forbidden to marry(marry) someone who is not a member of the same faith. ②The new law forbids smoking(smoke) in offices. ③He was forbidden to smoke(smoke) here. (2)We are forbidden to play on the pasture belonging to him. It’s forbidden for us to play on the pasture belonging to him. (用It作主語改寫句子) 7 It astonishes sb.that...使某人吃驚的是…… be astonished at/by...被……驚嚇；對……驚訝 be astonished to do...做某事感到驚訝 in/with astonishment驚異地；吃驚地 to one’s astonishment令人吃驚的是 It astonished me that she had changed so little. 她幾乎沒怎么改變，這讓我很驚訝。 I was astonished to see him here. 在這兒見到他，我很驚訝。 [夯實基礎] (1)It astonished us that he actually arrived punctually. ①What astonished us was that he actually arrived punctually.(用what引導主語從句改寫句子) ②To our astonishment，he actually arrived punctually.(用to one’s astonishment改寫句子) (2)He was so astonished at the result that he couldn’t say a word. Astonished at the result，he couldn’t say a word.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子) 8 be desperate for非常需要……；渴望得到…… be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事 Desperate with anxiety，Bob and Hans searched the whole house. 焦急萬分的鮑勃和漢斯把整座房子找了個遍。 He made a desperate attempt to attack a plane. 他鋌而走險，企圖襲擊一架飛機。 [夯實基礎] (1)Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he is desperate for(渴望得到) fame. (2)After ten years of hard study，he is desperate to pass(渴望通過) the college entrance examination. 9 [應試指導]　“動詞＋sb.＋of”類語境詞義辨析的考查 convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 convince sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事 be convinced of/that...相信…… convincing adj.令人信服的 I soon convinced him of my innocence. 很快便讓他相信我是清白的。 He sounded very convincing. 他的話聽起來很有說服力。 [夯實基礎] 用convince的適當形式填空 (1)I am convinced of his guilt. (2)This last argument is the most convincing to me. (3)Convinced of its truth，he felt pleased. (4)Convincing others of something is really a challenging task. 1 rid...of使……擺脫或除去 be rid of去掉；除去 rid oneself of除去 The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption. 這些提議試圖使這個國家擺脫政治腐敗。 [夯實基礎] 同義句改寫 Why couldn’t he rid himself of those thoughts and worries? Why couldn’t he get rid of those thoughts and worries? 2 result from由……引起 as a result結果(as a consequence) as a result of由于；作為……的結果 without result毫無結果地 As a result，I have made steady progress in my studies. 結果我在學習上穩(wěn)步上升。(安徽書面表達) The typhoon has resulted in thousands of deaths. 臺風已經造成數(shù)千人死亡。 [圖解助記] [夯實基礎] His carelessness resulted in his death. (1)His death resulted from his carelessness.(用his death作主語改寫句子) (2)He died as a result of his carelessness.(用result作名詞改寫句子)  3 run into撞上(crash into)；遭遇(experience)；偶然遇見(e across)；達到(某種數(shù)量或水平)(reach) run across不期而遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn) run after追求 run away逃走；攜帶……逃走 run at襲擊；沖向 run down耗盡能量；撞倒 run over撞倒并碾軋 run through迅速傳遍；快速閱讀 I ran across an old friend in the street. 我在街上和一位老朋友不期而遇。 Mary likes to run after every new fashion. 瑪麗喜歡趕時髦。 [夯實基礎] 寫出下列句子中run into的漢語意思 (1)All the rainwater on the roof runs into the pipe.(液體)流入 (2)He has run the car into the garage door again.使撞在……上 (3)He ran a nail into the wall to hang his painting.把……打入 (4)I was about to leave when I ran into Mr.White.偶然遇見 (5)They have run into trouble while designing the new machine.遭遇，陷入 (6)These two rivers run into each other.混入，與……合流 4 [多詞一義]　regardless of，despite，in spite of as regards關于；至于 with/in regard to關于 regard...as...把……當作…… regarding prep.關于…… Regardless of what happens my claim is safe and secure. 不管會發(fā)生什么，我的主張都是安全的、保險的。 [夯實基礎] 用regard的適當形式填空 (1)Davis had very little to say regarding the accident. (2)As regards economic issues，he agreed with our views. (3)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background. 1 Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word？你有沒有拼不出單詞的時候？ have difficulty/trouble (in) doing...做……有困難(麻煩) have difficulty/trouble with sth.……有困難(麻煩) There is some/no difficulty/trouble (in) doing...做……時有一些/沒有困難(麻煩) do sth.with/without difficulty/trouble做……有/沒有困難(麻煩) take trouble to do...費力做…… take the trouble to do sth.不怕費事/不辭辛勞地做某事 I have some trouble with the work. 我做這項工作有些困難。 [夯實基礎] (1)語法填空 Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine what great trouble I took to e here. (2)I had no trouble finding your home. ①I found your home without trouble/difficulty.(用without短語改寫句子) ②There was no trouble/difficulty (in) finding your home.(用there be句型改寫句子) 2 He makes an attempt to eat it，but it is clear from the look on his face that he finds the taste truly disgusting.他試圖吃它，但從他臉上的表情可以清楚地看出這頓飯的口味真的很令人討厭。 find后常跟復合結構，即find＋賓語＋賓語補足語。賓語補足語可以由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等充當；也可以形成find it＋形容詞＋to do，其中it為形式賓語，to do為真正的賓語，形容詞作賓語補足語。 Peter，who was usually shy，found himself talking to the girls. 彼得通常很害羞，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不知不覺中已在跟女孩子們說話。 He hurried there，but found them all out. 他匆忙趕到那里，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們都出去了。 [夯實基礎] 語法填空 (1)He found it difficult to work (work) out the problem. (2)He found his book lying (lie) open on the desk. (3)He opened the office and found much of his work finished (finish). (4)Did you find life hard (hardly) in the country? 3 單元語法 ——按照要求完成下列各題 Ⅰ.語法填空 (1)At last the bus came.I had been waiting(wait) for half an hour. (2)He gave up smoking last year.He had been smoking(smoke) for twenty years. (3)When I first met her，she had been working(work) in the pany for ten years. (4)Jane was annoyed.Peter had been phoning(phone) her every night. (5)That was just the letter I had been expecting(expect). Ⅱ.寫出第二句話，使它和前一句有相似的意義。括號內的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時。 (1)The car is our neighbor’s.(belong) The car belongs to our neighbor. (2)Gemma is at the puter now.(use) Gemma is using the puter. (3)My journey to work is usually by train.(go) I usually go to work by train. (4)I can hear the telephone.(ring) The telephone is ringing. (5)There are nuts in this cake.(contain) This cake contains nuts. 高考題組 Ⅰ.短文改錯(xx浙江) Dear Diary， Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse.Do you want to know why we move last week？Dad lost his job，and as Mom explained，“He was lucky to find other one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate，my school or just everything else I love in the world.To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully tiring，but I know I’ll never fall sleep. Good night and remember，you，dear diary，is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend. Yours， Rosemary 答案 Dear Diary， Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse.Do you want to know why we last week？Dad lost his job，and as Mom explained，“He was lucky to find one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my ，my school just everything else I love in the world.To make matters ，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully ，but I know I’ll never fall . Good night and remember，you，dear diary， my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend. Yours， Rosemary Ⅱ.寫作常用句翻譯 1.這幅圖畫使我相信做一個好女兒比做一個“好”學生重要得多。(convince)(2011江蘇書面表達) The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student. 2.作為回應，母親蹲下表示她的幸福和感激。(response)(2011江蘇書面表達) In response，the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels. 3.結果我又累又沮喪。(as a result)(2011湖北短文寫作) As a result，I was tired out and depressed. 模擬題組 Ⅰ.語法填空 1.We were astonished to find (find) the temple still in its original condition. 2.Every few years，the coal workers have their lungs Xrayed to ensure (ensure) their health. 3.—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? —No，I was doing (do) my homework all day yesterday. 4.He was in poor health，so the doctor forbade him to drink (drink) wine. 5.She was on a diet，but she couldn’t resist eating (eat) sweet food.Consequently，her weight was gained again. 6.Seeing the scaring flood，the woman doctor was scared to take (take) the small boat. 7.The number of miners killed (kill) in the accident runs (run) into dozens. 8.Thank you for all the trouble you’ve taken to help (help) my daughter. 9.They were forbidden to enter (enter) the lab. 10.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking (smoke) in the kitchen. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1.I was feeling very well; not too proud, I hope, but in harmony to the time and place.to→with 2.You should not delay see the doctor today.see→seeing 3.Terrorism is so scared that many tourists refuse to go there for sightseeing.scared→scaring 4.The teacher has cautioned him not being late for several times so far.not→against 5.In public places，smoking has forbidden.has→is 6.He has been convinced the fact that this one is far from being true.convinced后加上of 7.It is a thrilled and unforgettable experience.thrilled→thrilling 8.We’re moving，so we have to get rid a lot of our furniture.rid后加上of 9.We will continue the race，regardless the weather.regardless后加上of 10.I felt something alive being moving on my left leg.去掉being Ⅲ.寫作句式升級訓練 The best gift should be the one to which you devote the time and energy.(素材來源于xx重慶寫作二) The best gift should be whatever you devote the time and energy to.(用whatever引導的表語從句改寫句子) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 Soutine was born in Belarus (then part of the Russian Empire) in 1893.He was the tenth of eleven children.From 1910 to 1913 he studied in Vilnius at the Vilna Academy of Fine Arts.In 1913，he emigrated to Paris，where he studied at the cole des BeauxArts under Fernand Cormon.He soon developed a highly personal vision and painting technique. For a time，he and his friends lived at La Ruche，a residence for struggling artists in Montparnasse where he became friends with Amedeo Modigliani.Modigliani painted Soutine’s portrait several times，most famously in 1917，on a door of an apartment belonging to Lopold Zborowski，who was their art dealer.Zborowski supported Soutine through World War Ⅰ，taking the struggling artist with him to Nice to escape the German bombing of Paris. After the war，Paul Guillaume，a highly influential art dealer，began to champion Soutine’s work.In 1923，in a showing arranged by Guillaume，the prominent American collector Albert C．Barnes bought 60 of Soutine’s paintings on the spot.Soutine，who had been virtually penniless in his years in Paris，immediately took the money，ran into the street，hailed a Paris taxi，and ordered the driver to take him to Nice，on the French Riviera，more than 400 miles away. Soutine once horrified his neighbors by keeping an animal carcass in his studio so that he could paint it (Carcass of Beef)．The smelly smell drove them to send for the police，whom Soutine promptly lectured on the relative importance of art over hygiene.There’s a story that Marc Chagall saw the blood from the carcass leak out onto the corridor outside Soutine’s room，and rushed out screaming，“Someone has killed Soutine.” Soutine painted 10 works in this series，which have since bee his most wellknown works.His carcass paintings were inspired by Rembrandt’s still life of the same subject，which he discovered while studying the Old Masters in the Louvre.Soutine produced the majority of his works from 1920 to 1929. 1．It can be learned from the text that Soutine . A．was the last but one child in his family B．moved to Paris at the age of 18 C．painted portraits several times for Modigliani D．was a great German painter 答案　A 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“He was the tenth of eleven children.”可知，他排行第十，即十一個孩子中的倒數(shù)第二個。 2．Which of the following can be described as Soutine’s painting instructor? A．Zborowski. B．Paul Guillaume. C．Fernand Cormon. D．Marc Chagall. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“where he studied at the cole des BeauxArts under Fernand Cormon”可知答案應為C。Zborowski和Paul Guillaume是藝術品商人；D的身份在文中并沒有提及。 3．What does the underlined word “champion” in the passage mean? A．Hold first place in. B．Protect. C．Fall in love with. D．Guide. 答案　B 解析　詞義猜測題。由第三段前兩句可知，Guillaume是個藝術品商人，還為蘇丁安排畫展，可以推知，他應是捍衛(wèi)或保護蘇丁的畫，故選B。 4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Soutine’s painting style. B．Soutine’s personal life. C．Soutine’s strange behavior. D．Soutine’s masterpiece. 答案　A 解析　段落大意題。綜合文章最后兩段內容可知，這兩段主要是說蘇丁的繪畫風格。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I was on a walk with a friend yesterday when I found an iPhone 5s in a pile of snow.I picked it up and it still 5 ！I started looking through the name list and calling numbers to see 6 I could figure out whose phone it was. 7 ，only one person answered and she didn’t 8 the number that I was calling from.She gave a(n) 9 of “It is just so nice that you are trying to find out whose phone it is.” Since that lady didn’t know whose phone it was，my friend 10 that we go back to the street and the 11 that we found the iPhone 5s in front of.I knocked on the door and two collegeage people 12 .They hadn’t lost their phones，but as I told them the 13 and mentioned some names on the name 14 ，the young man said that he also 15 those names and it must be the phone of one of their friends. 16 ，both of the young men politely mentioned how