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桂林電子科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)（論文）報(bào)告專用紙
摘 要
隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展，當(dāng)今城市的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施處于嚴(yán)重超載狀態(tài)，尤其交通問(wèn)題越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重，解決交通問(wèn)題已是城市管理者面對(duì)一大挑戰(zhàn)，人、車、路三者關(guān)系協(xié)調(diào)程度決定著交通狀況的重要因素。而交通燈是人，車，路三者聯(lián)系的紐帶，引入智能控制技術(shù)對(duì)交通燈進(jìn)行控制很有必要，傳統(tǒng)的交通信號(hào)燈控制一般采用電子線路和繼電器實(shí)現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，可靠性低，故障率高,較難實(shí)現(xiàn)功能的變更，本文利用可編程控制器PLC作為交通燈系統(tǒng)控制中心，PLC可編程序控制器是以微處理器為基礎(chǔ),綜合了計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)和通訊技術(shù)發(fā)展而來(lái)的一種新型工業(yè)控制裝置。它具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、編程方便、可靠性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已廣泛用于工業(yè)過(guò)程和位置的自動(dòng)控制中。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),可編程控制器是工業(yè)自動(dòng)化裝置中應(yīng)用最多的一種設(shè)備。專家認(rèn)為,可編程控制器將成為今后工業(yè)控制的主要手段和重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備之一, PLC、機(jī)器人、CAD/CAM將成為工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的三大支柱。
由于PLC具有對(duì)使用環(huán)境適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的特性,同時(shí)其內(nèi)部定時(shí)器資源十分豐富,可對(duì)目前普遍使用的“漸進(jìn)式”信號(hào)燈進(jìn)行精確控制,特別對(duì)多岔路口的控制可方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多地將PLC應(yīng)用于交通燈系統(tǒng)中控制功能強(qiáng)大，使用靈活方便，編程容易，功能擴(kuò)展方便，結(jié)合交通的實(shí)際情況闡述了交通控制系統(tǒng)的工作原理，設(shè)計(jì)出了一種簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用城市交通燈控制系統(tǒng)方案。與此同時(shí)，PLC 本身還具有通訊聯(lián)網(wǎng)功能，將同一條道路上的信號(hào)燈組成一局域網(wǎng)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一調(diào)度管理，可縮短車輛通行等候時(shí)間，實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)化管理。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證該系統(tǒng)具有較高的穩(wěn)定性，較高的智能化，便于維護(hù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
關(guān)鍵詞：PLC;交通燈;十字路口
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桂林電子科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)（論文）報(bào)告專用紙
Abstract
With the development of economic and social infrastructure of today's state of the city is seriously overloaded , especially the traffic problem is getting worse , to solve the traffic problem is a major challenge facing the city manager , people, vehicles , road decide the relations between the degree of coordination important factor in the transport position . The traffic light is the link people, vehicles , road three links , the introduction of intelligent control technology necessary to control traffic lights , traffic signal control is generally conventional electronic circuits and relays , complex structure, low reliability , the failure rate high , difficult to achieve change function , we use a programmable controller (PLC) as the traffic light system control center , PLC programmable logic controller is a microprocessor -based , integrated computer technology, automatic control technology and communication technology development to a new type of industrial control devices. It has a simple structure, easy programming, high reliability, has been widely used for automatic control of industrial processes and location. According to statistics, the programmable controller is a device for industrial automation applications up to a device . Experts believe that the programmable controller will become one of the primary means of future industrial control and critical infrastructure , PLC, robotics , CAD / CAM will be the three pillars of industrial production.
Due to the use of PLC has strong environmental adaptability characteristics , while its internal timer resources are very rich, the current widespread use of " progressive " signal for precise control , especially for multi- fork can be easily controlled . So now increasingly used in the PLC control system of traffic lights powerful, flexible and easy to use , easy to program , easy functionality expansion , combined with the actual situation of traffic elaborated works traffic control system , designed a simple practical urban traffic light control system solutions . Meanwhile , PLC communication itself also has networking capabilities , will form a road with lights on the unified management of a local area network , you can shorten the waiting time for vehicles to achieve scientific management. Experimental verification of the system has a high stability, high intelligence, ease of maintenance and other advantages .
Keywords: PLC; traffic lights; Crossroads