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摘要
酚是一種理想的食品天然抗氧化劑,具有抗癌治病、防衰老、防輻射、消除人體自由基等多種生理功效,廣泛用于食品、油脂、醫(yī)藥、化工等行業(yè).近年來,對(duì)于茶多酚的提取方法多見于報(bào)道。論文以茶多酚生產(chǎn)廢水為研究對(duì)象，針對(duì)該廢水有機(jī)物濃度高，含生物毒性物質(zhì)和含鹽量高等特點(diǎn)提出了預(yù)處理－水解酸化－SBR－后處理的組合工藝.投加聚鋁對(duì)混合廢水進(jìn)行預(yù)處理，CODcr和茶多酚的去除率都非常的高.由于該廢水中所含大都為天然物質(zhì),該工藝是廢水通過水解酸化池后，提高廢水的可生化性. 由于該廢水中所含大都為天然物質(zhì)，其分子質(zhì)量較大，而采用水解酸化可使水中的高分子物質(zhì)在產(chǎn)酸菌的作用下分解為小分子，減少好氧處理的負(fù)荷，同時(shí)在厭氧條件下也可使廢水中殘留的茶多酚得到部分降解。在預(yù)處理階段對(duì)茶多酚的去除是否完全對(duì)于廢水處理的效果是至關(guān)重要的。但是在預(yù)處理階段很難將茶多酚去除完全，而好氧對(duì)茶多酚基本沒有降解作用，雖然水解酸化對(duì)茶多酚的降解率很低，但為了盡可能地降低茶多酚的濃度和減小出水的色度，水解酸化池應(yīng)采用較長的停留時(shí)間。
因?yàn)镾BR法的處理設(shè)施十分簡單，管理非常方便去除有機(jī)物效率很高,基建費(fèi)用明顯低于常規(guī)活性污泥法,所以本工藝采用SBR法, 廢水中的COD和BOD主要是在SBR池中去除. 茶多酚廢水經(jīng)預(yù)處理和生化處理后水質(zhì)得到了明顯改善，但出水仍然不能達(dá)標(biāo)，尤其是色度較大,所以可采用混凝沉淀進(jìn)行后處理,混凝沉淀試驗(yàn)采用聚合鋁作混凝劑，有關(guān)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，對(duì)厭氧24h、好氧生化12h的出水進(jìn)行混凝沉淀處理，最佳投藥量為80mg/L，沉淀1.0h后COD可降到80mg/L，出水色度＜50倍，出水清澈透明，完全達(dá)到該地區(qū)的廢水排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
關(guān)鍵字: 茶多酚,抗氧化劑,預(yù)處理,水解酸化,SBR法 Abstract
Tea polyphenols is an ideal natural foods anti - oxidant, which has many physiological functions such as anticancer and treating disease, anti - aging, radiation protection and eliminating human body free radical, etc, and has been widely used in foods, fats, medicine and chemical industry. The extrdction of tea polyphenols has been reported much for the past few years。Tea Polyphenols(TP)production wastewater is characterized by high CODcr,high salinity,bio-toxicity,etc. a three-stage treatment process is proposed including pretreatment,anaerobic hydrolysis and SBR,and post treatment.Adding polyaluminum chloride into the mixed wastewater,the removal efficiency of CODcr and TP is very efficiency .In this process, first, the wastewater runs through the hydrolysis acidification pool, there is stuffing. so that the BOD5/CODcr can be increased.
As the wastewater contained mostly natural substances, so they have larger molecular weight, hydrolysis and acidification of the water can polymer substances in the acid-producing bacteria to decompose under small molecules, reduce the load of aerobic treatment, while under anaerobic conditions can also enable the wastewater residual TP partial degraded. In preprocessing stage,the TP removed entirely, so the wastewater treatment effect is essential. But the pretreatment stage it is difficult to completely remove TP, TP and aerobic basic right without degradation, Although acid hydrolysis of tea polyphenols, the degradation rate is very low, However, in order to reduce as much as possible ,the TP concentrated and decreased water color, hydrolysis acidification should adopt a longer duration. because the treatment facilities is very simple and very convenient management of highly efficient removal of organic matter, infrastructure costs significantly lower than conventional activated sludge process,so we choose the technology SBR, wastewater COD and BOD can mainly removed in the SBR pond. TP wastewater pretreatment and biochemical treatment has been markedly improved, but the water is still not fulfilled, especially larger color, Therefore available upon coagulation, flocculation tests used for the polymerization of aluminum coagulants, the test results show that right anaerobic 24 h, 12 h aerobic biochemical water for the coagulation treatment, the best dosage of 80 mg / L, Precipitation 1.0 h after COD can be reduced to 80 mg / L, water color<50 times, the water is clear, fully meet the region's wastewater discharge standards.
Key words: Tea polyphenols,anti – oxidant,pretreatment,hydrolysis and acidification,SBR