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摘 要
數(shù)控銑床是重要的機械加工裝備，在制造業(yè)中占有重要的地位，對國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展起著重要作用。其中，二維精密工作臺是數(shù)控銑床的關(guān)鍵部件，二維精密工作臺對數(shù)控銑床的加工精度和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量有著重要的影響，進行數(shù)控銑床二維精密工作臺設(shè)計具有重要的經(jīng)濟價值與社會意義。
本設(shè)計的主要任務(wù)是研究數(shù)控銑床二維精密工作臺主要結(jié)構(gòu)，主要包括工作臺的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計以及電機驅(qū)動電路的設(shè)計。
工作臺結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的原則是參考現(xiàn)有的數(shù)控銑床工作臺的結(jié)構(gòu)，在實現(xiàn)工作臺的強度、剛度、尺寸等實用要求的同時盡量實現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)簡化及優(yōu)化。設(shè)計的步驟是首先確定總體尺寸，主要參考沈陽機床廠卓越型數(shù)控銑床的總體尺寸。并采用solidworks軟件進行計算機輔助設(shè)計，利用模型進行模擬裝配和干涉檢查。其次，在具體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計上盡量選著供應(yīng)商的標準件，減少對機加工的要求。最后，對結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計中主要部件例如絲杠進行校核以及精度驗算。
驅(qū)動電路設(shè)計部分，首先確定使用直流伺服電機，并根據(jù)電機的型號參數(shù)設(shè)計驅(qū)動電路。驅(qū)動電路采用MOS管組成的H橋進行功率驅(qū)動，采用PWM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)進行速度控制。
設(shè)計完成后，根據(jù)主要結(jié)構(gòu)及尺寸關(guān)系，繪制二維的零件圖，繪制驅(qū)動電路原理圖。
關(guān)鍵詞： 數(shù)控銑床；工作臺；直流伺服電機；PWM
Abstract
CNC milling machining equipment, occupies an important position in the manufacturing sector plays an important role in the development of the national economy. The two-dimensional precision stage is a key component of CNC milling machine and the quality of two-dimensional precision stage has an important influence on CNC milling machining accuracy and product quality, CNC milling two-dimensional precision stage design has an important economic value social significance.
The design of the main task is to study the CNC milling two-dimensional precision stage the main structure, including the structure of the table design and the design of the motor drive circuit.
The table structure design principles with reference to the existing structure of the CNC milling machine table, the practical requirements of the bench-strength, stiffness, size, etc. At the same time try to simplify the structure and optimization. The design procedure is to first determine the overall size, the overall size of the Shenyang Machine Tool Factory excellence in CNC milling machine. Use Solidworks software for computer-aided design, using the model to simulate the assembly and interference checking. Secondly, the specific structural design as much as possible suppliers of standard parts, reduce machining requirements. Finally, the structural design of the main components such as screw checking and accuracy checking.
The design portion of the drive circuit, first of all determined using a DC servo motor and drive circuit according to the motor model parameters. Drive circuit composed of MOS transistor H-bridge power driver and PWM speed control system for speed control.
When design is complete, according to the main structure and size relationships, draw two-dimensional parts diagram, draw driver circuit schematic.
Keywords: CNC milling machine; table; DC servo motor; the PWM