摘要：當今能源和環(huán)境對人類越來越重要。改善人類生活環(huán)境的要求越來越高。為了適應(yīng)這一發(fā)展趨勢。各國政府學(xué)術(shù)界核工業(yè)街紛紛加大對電動汽車發(fā)展的投入。加快電動汽車的商業(yè)化進程。雖然電動汽車在能源和行駛里程上還不盡人意。但也足以滿足人們的基本需求。從技術(shù)發(fā)展的角度來看。經(jīng)過漫長而艱難的歷史。店里是一種清潔能源不僅可以取代化石燃料。而且還可以減少有害氣體的。二氧化碳排放，防止環(huán)境惡化電動汽車面臨重大技術(shù)突破，預(yù)計將成為第 21 世紀的重要車輛。電動汽車驅(qū)動橋的設(shè)計采用單電機驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)、齒輪箱總成、差速器總成和驅(qū)動橋，主動齒輪減速器直接連接到驅(qū)動電機上，并通過兩級減速器和差速器，將扭矩傳遞到驅(qū)動輪左右。電機軸與輪軸平行，因此減速器由兩個圓柱齒輪驅(qū)動。半軸采用全浮動結(jié)構(gòu)，通過螺釘與輪轂連接并傳遞扭矩。橋體采用組合式結(jié)構(gòu)，一端由輪轂軸承支承在車輪上，另一端與減速器連接。關(guān)鍵詞：電動車；驅(qū)動橋；減速器 Abstract： Today's energy and environment are becoming more and more important to human beings. The requirements for improving the living environment of human beings are getting higher and higher. In order to adapt to this trend of development. The nuclear industrial streets of governments in various countries have increased their investment in the development of electric vehicles. Speed up the commercialization of electric vehicles. Although electric vehicles are still unsatisfactory in energy and driving mileage. But it is also enough to meet the basic needs of people. From the point of view of technical development. Through a long and difficult history. The store is a kind of clean energy that can not only replace fossil fuels. And it can also reduce the harmful gas. Carbon dioxide emissions, to prevent environmental degradation, electric vehicles are facing major technological breakthroughs, and are expected to become important vehicles in the twenty-first century.The drive axle of electric vehicle is designed by single motor drive system, gearbox assembly, differential assembly and drive axle. The active gear reducer is directly connected to the driving motor, and the torque is transmitted to the driving wheel through the two stage reducer and differential. The shaft of the motor is parallel to the wheel shaft, so the reducer is driven by two cylindrical gears. The semi axle adopts a fully floating structure, which is connected by the screw to the hub and transmits the torque. The bridge is composed of a combined structure with one end of the wheel bearing supported on the wheel and the other end connected with the reducer.Key words: Electric Vehicle；Transaxle ；Reducer目 錄摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ關(guān)鍵詞……………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ1 緒論………………………………………………………………………………………………11.1 引言……………………………………………………………………………………………11.2 電動車的發(fā)展趨勢……………………………………………………………………11.3 電動車的組成…………………………………………………………………………11.4 電動車驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)組成…………………………………………………………………22 電動車觀光車總體設(shè)計…………… ……………………………………………………32.1 技術(shù)參數(shù)………………………………………………………………………………………32.2 構(gòu)造形式及工作條件…………………………………………………………………………32.3 主要參數(shù)選擇…………………………………………………………………………………32.3.1 主要尺寸………………………………………………………………………………32.3.2 電動車質(zhì)量……………………………………………………………………………32.3.3 電動機參數(shù)……………………………………………………………………………32.3.4 輪胎參數(shù)………………………………………………………………………………42.3.5 傳動比計算……………………………………………………………………………42.3.6 最大爬坡度計算………………………………………………………………………42.4 核心件參數(shù)……………………………………………………………………………………42.5 總體布置計算…………………………………………………………………………………52.5.1 各部分質(zhì)量及重心坐標………………………………………………………………52.5.2 空載及滿載時重心坐標………………………………………………………………52.5.3 軸荷分配計算…………………………………………………………………………52.6 穩(wěn)定性計算…………………………………………………………………………………… 62.6.1 汽車不縱向翻倒的條件………………………………………………………………62.6.2 汽車不橫向翻倒的條件………………………………………………………………62.7 最小轉(zhuǎn)彎直徑的計算…………………………………………………………………………62.8 行程計算………………………………………………………………………………………73 雙電動機驅(qū)動橋設(shè)計……………………………………………………………………………83.1 驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計……………………………………………………………………………83.2 減速器的設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………………………83.2.1 傳動比分配………………………………………………………………………………83.2.2 運動和動力參數(shù)計算…………………………………………………………………83.2.3 齒輪參數(shù)計算…………………………………………………………………………93.2.4 軸的設(shè)計………………………………………………………………………………193.2.5 平鍵的強度校核………………………………………………………………………203.2.6 軸的強度校核…………………………………………………………………………203.2.7 軸承的壽命校核………………………………………………………………………253.2.8 減速器箱體的設(shè)計……………………………………………………………………273.3 半軸的設(shè)計 …………………………………………………………………………………273.3.1 半軸的形式……………………………………………………………………………273.3.2 半軸軸徑的確定………………………………………………………………………283.3.3 花鍵的設(shè)計和校核……………………………………………………………………283.3.4 半軸連接螺釘強度校核………………………………………………………………293.4 輪轂的設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………………………293.4.1 輪轂的外形設(shè)計………………………………………………………………………293.4.2 輪轂與輪輞的連接螺栓強度校核……………………………………………………293.5 驅(qū)動橋殼的設(shè)計……………………………………………………………………………303.5.1 驅(qū)動橋殼的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………303.5.2 驅(qū)動橋殼的強度計算…………………………………………………………………303.5.3 橋殼與減速器連接螺釘強度校核……………………………………………………333.6 輪轂軸承的壽命計算………………………………………………………………………33致謝………………………………………………………………………………………………35參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………………36附錄………………………………………………………………………………………………37