江蘇省2019高考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 寫(xiě)作層級(jí)訓(xùn)練 第二步 通覽全局寫(xiě)作分類(lèi)突破 第四講 以“綱”悟“意”洞察提綱類(lèi)寫(xiě)作（講解）.doc

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第四講　以“綱”悟“意”，洞察提綱類(lèi)寫(xiě)作 一、題型特點(diǎn) 提綱作文要求考生根據(jù)所給出的提示性文字，首先確定文章的中心思想，然后緊緊圍繞中心思想展開(kāi)論述，表達(dá)主旨。它的特點(diǎn)是提綱既體現(xiàn)了文章的層次，又規(guī)定了各段大致的內(nèi)容，為考生提供了寫(xiě)作思路。 二、寫(xiě)作技巧 1.仔細(xì)研讀題目。做到三定：定體裁，定人稱(chēng)，定時(shí)態(tài)。 2.分析整合要點(diǎn)。對(duì)所給的要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析及重新整合，并適當(dāng)進(jìn)行細(xì)節(jié)擴(kuò)展。 3.斟酌具體表達(dá)。結(jié)合文章要點(diǎn)及關(guān)鍵詞確定選用的具體詞匯及句式。 【典例示范】 (江蘇卷)生活中沖突時(shí)有發(fā)生。假設(shè)你班同學(xué)蘇華和李江打籃球時(shí)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，導(dǎo)致關(guān)系緊張，請(qǐng)你結(jié)合此事，并根據(jù)以下提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，向?qū)W校英文報(bào)” Happy Teens”專(zhuān)欄投稿。 簡(jiǎn)要描述事情的經(jīng)過(guò) 打籃球\碰撞\爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，等等 分析發(fā)生沖突的原因 1.遇事不夠冷靜 2.…… 談?wù)劚苊鉀_突的做法 (請(qǐng)考生根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷或感想，提出至少兩種做法) 注意：1.對(duì)所有要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡(jiǎn)單翻譯。 2.詞數(shù)150左右。開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 3.作文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個(gè)人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 [參考范文] Conflicts with others are mon in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball. Then they started shouting and yelling, and it turned into a horrible quarrel. To be honest, it was Su’s fault but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things. They cared too much about winning and losing. As a matter of fact, blocking, pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game. To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life. It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a petitive and stressful society. Instead of blaming each other, we should municate more and put ourselves in others’ place. Don’t be self-centered and try to be considerate. We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely. 能力提升練1 (2018常州一中質(zhì)檢)假如你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，偶然看到在你市求學(xué)的美國(guó)學(xué)生Tom在網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖，要大家給他推薦一本學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的書(shū)。你手頭正好有一本合適的書(shū)可以借給他。請(qǐng)你給他發(fā)一封電子郵件，要點(diǎn)如下： 1.說(shuō)明寫(xiě)信原因； 2.描述書(shū)的情況； 3.約定見(jiàn)面時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。 注意：1.詞數(shù)150左右； 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Tom， I’m Li Hua, a student of Xinhua Middle School. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Best wishes. Yours， Li Hua [參考范文] Dear__Tom， I’m__Li__Hua,__a__student__of__Xinhua__Middle__School. The other day, I learned quite by chance that you were in need of a book to help you improve your Chinese. I happen to have one, which I think might help you. The book is entitled New Practical Chinese and it is intended for beginners at your level.Not only does it include the basic conversations in our daily life, but it is also a window through which you can get to know Chinese culture and customs. Edited by three language experts, it has been popular with the readers ever since it came out two years ago. If it is convenient to you, let’s meet at 3 pm, this Sunday at the entrance to the People’s Park, where I can give you the book face to face. If not, try to find another time that is suitable for both of us. Best__wishes. Yours， Li__Hua 能力提升練2 (2018蘇北四市(淮安、宿遷、連云港、徐州)高三年級(jí)摸底考試)人們對(duì)待機(jī)遇有不同的態(tài)度，請(qǐng)以“Opportunities favour the prepared mind”為題，按要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章，要點(diǎn)如下： 對(duì)待機(jī)遇的態(tài)度 結(jié)果 你的觀點(diǎn) 夢(mèng)想著成功，卻遲遲沒(méi)有行動(dòng)，等著天上掉餡餅 只能看著機(jī)遇從身邊悄悄溜走 (請(qǐng)舉例說(shuō)明) 默默努力著，為機(jī)遇的到來(lái)做好充分準(zhǔn)備 最終迎來(lái)成功的喜悅 注意：1.可參照以上內(nèi)容適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 2.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。 [參考范文] Opportunities favour the prepared mind There are two kinds of people taking pletely different attitudes to building a bright future.One is dreaming of opportunities for a promising future，but without any action，while the other devotes himself earnestly to his work to get fully prepared. The message conveyed above is crystal clear: Opportunities favour the prepared mind.The difference between the two lies only in the way each treats opportunities.Successful people always make adequate preparations to seize opportunities.Unsuccessful people，on the other hand，work little and just wait，seeing them pass by. To further highlight the importance of our attitude towards opportunities，let’s take the Chinese diver Wu Minxia for example.In order to win the gold medal in the Olympics，she trained hard day after day and eventually made it. Therefore，we should make efforts to make our dreams e true.It’s universally acknowledged that we would acplish nothing without actions and efforts. 能力提升練3 (2018江蘇啟東中學(xué)高三檢測(cè))假如你是李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下圖中圍繞“拒為低頭族”(stop phubbing)這個(gè)話題寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 詞匯：phubbing(低頭族)＝phone(手機(jī))＋snubbing(snub冷落的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)) 內(nèi)容包括： 1.你身邊有“低頭族”嗎？他們的表現(xiàn)； 2.“低頭族”給學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來(lái)的影響； 3.就如何“拒為低頭族”提1～2點(diǎn)建議。 要求：1.文章開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2.可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事； 3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。 Nowadays, many people are addicted to their phones.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [參考范文] Nowadays,__many__people__are__addicted__to__their__phones. They look at their phones everywhere all the time, ignoring the people around them. In recent years, many activities have been organized to appeal to people to stop phubbing. There is a lot of phubbing around me. My cousin likes playing with mobile phones very much. He can’t stop sending text messages, surfing the Internet, playing mobile games and even taking photos with mobile phones. However, phubbing disturbs not only our studies, but also our life. Phubbing, whether playing phone games or sending text message, particularly in class or at work, is a big waste of time. What’s more, it can lead to health problems. For instance, using a mobile phone too much can cause eyes or back and neck pain. In my opinion, it is high time we threw away our phones and raised our heads. We should do more exercise and take part in real-life activities. Only when we use phones reasonably can we lead a happy life.