廣東省中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn) 第10講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件

《廣東省中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn) 第10講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《廣東省中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn) 第10講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件（36頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第10講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.You have worked for two hours.Youd better stop _(have) a rest.to haveto speak2.Whenever you have a chance _ (speak) English,you should take it.laughingto solve3.When we heard the funny story, we couldnt help _(laugh).4.Students should learn how _ (solve) problems.Its the b

2、asic ability.5.Look! There is a pet dog_ (lie) on the ground.Letsgo and play with it.lyingdevelopedto throw6.America is a_ (develop) country, while Chinais a developing country.7.Its too hard for me to learn it.Can you show me how_ (throw) the ball?8.What about _ (practice) swimming this summervacat

3、ion?practicingsolvingto eat9.Jackson has difficulty in _ (solve) the problem insuch a short time.10.She is very hungry.Can you give her something _(eat)?考情透析：在廣東省中考英語(yǔ)試卷中，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查內(nèi)容主要是動(dòng)詞不定式做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式的省略形式，疑問(wèn)詞不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的用法等?？忌趶?fù)習(xí)時(shí)需記憶一些常見(jiàn)的接動(dòng)詞不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)。成分用法例句做賓語(yǔ)常接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：would like, w

4、ant,hope, wish, plan, decide,learn, agree, try, like,remember, expect, refuse,afford, prefer, continue,promise, begin, start 等I want to play basketball thisweekend.這個(gè)周末我想打籃球。The boy decided to get upearly the next day.男孩決定第二天早點(diǎn)起床。動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的作用成分用法例句做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞不定式可充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：want

5、, wish, tell,ask, teach, encourage, invite,allow, urge, help, warn,advise, expect, force,persuade 等My mother wants me to be ateacher.我媽媽想讓我成為一名教師。She asked the students to saysomething.她讓學(xué)生們說(shuō)一說(shuō)。He forced us to do the hardwork.他迫使我們做這項(xiàng)艱苦的工作。(續(xù)表)成分用法例句做狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式做狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件等They stay th

6、ere to wait forthe latest news.他們待在那里等待最新的消息。(做目的狀語(yǔ))They are too tired to walk.他們太累了以至于走不動(dòng)了。(做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，常用于 it做形式主語(yǔ)的句型，將動(dòng)詞不定式后置To ask the teacher for help isnecessary.It is necessary toask the teacher for help.向老師求助是必要的。(續(xù)表)成分用法例句做表語(yǔ) 跟在系動(dòng)詞后做表語(yǔ)Her work is to teach English.她的工作是教英語(yǔ)。做定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式必須放在被

7、修飾的名詞或代詞之后，二者之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；如果不定式中是不及物動(dòng)詞并且與所修飾詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式后面需加上合適的介詞They have no house to livein.他們無(wú)房子可住。Theres nothing much toworry about.沒(méi)多少可擔(dān)心的。(續(xù)表)2. 動(dòng)詞不定式的一些特殊用法(1)后接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞主要有：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)(hope, wish, want, agree, promise)，一個(gè)要求莫拒絕(demand, refuse)，設(shè)法 學(xué)會(huì)做決定(manage, learn, decide)，不要假裝在選擇(pretend, cho

8、ose)。(2) 在 常 用句型 “find/think it adj.( of/for sb.) todo sth.”中，it 做形式賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式做真正的賓語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(adj.)后面。如：I find it great to walk along such a beautiful river.我發(fā)現(xiàn)沿著這么美麗的河散步真的很棒。(3)有些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但不定式須省略 to。此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：一感(feel)、二聽(tīng)(hear, listen to)、三讓(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五幫

9、(help)。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，省略的 to 則要加上。如：The funny child made everyone laugh. 這個(gè)有趣的孩子讓每個(gè)人都笑了。Everyone was made to laugh by the funny child. 每個(gè)人都被這個(gè)有趣的孩子逗笑了。(4)感官動(dòng)詞“see/watch/notice/hearsb.do sth.”強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常性。如：All of us heard her sing.我們?nèi)悸?tīng)到了她唱歌。(5)had better (not) do sth.意為“最好(不要)做某事”，是固定搭配，其中 had 沒(méi)有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，

10、可縮寫(xiě)為“d”。如：Wed/We had better (not) eat anything in the room. 我們最好(不要)在房間里吃東西。(6)“Why not do sth.？/Why dont you do sth.？”意為“(你)為什么不做某事呢？”，用于提出建議。如：Why dont you (Why not) join us now? 現(xiàn)在(你)為什么不加入我們這一方呢？(7)would rather do sth.than do sth.意為“寧愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如：I would rather stay at home than go to school. 我

11、寧愿待在家里也不愿去上學(xué)。(8)動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是 not to do，其被動(dòng)形式為 to bedone。如：She decided not to go there.她決定不去那兒了。The bike needs to be mended ( mending). 這輛自行車(chē)需要修理了。疑問(wèn)詞不定式1.有些動(dòng)詞，如 ask, know, learn, decide, tell, show, teach 等，后面可接“疑問(wèn)代詞或副詞不定式”做賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。常用的疑問(wèn)代詞和疑問(wèn)副詞有 who, whom, whose, what,which, when, where, how, wh

12、y 等。如：I dont know where to go.我不知道去哪兒。He asked how to do it.他問(wèn)怎么做。2.后接“疑問(wèn)詞to do”做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞主要有：學(xué)會(huì) 忘記有難處(learn, forget)，想知道就別來(lái)勸告(wonder,know, advise)，展開(kāi) 討論 教人對(duì)付(show, discuss, teach)，弄清楚才決定告訴(find out, decide, tell)。注意：“疑問(wèn)詞動(dòng)詞不定式”可用來(lái)替代賓語(yǔ)從句。如：I cant decide which one I will buy (which one to buy).我無(wú)法決定要買(mǎi)哪一個(gè)。

13、Can you tell me how I can get to the station ( how to get tothe station)? 你能告訴我怎樣到達(dá)車(chē)站嗎？成分用法例句做主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Doing exercises is good foryour health.鍛煉有利于你的身體健康。做賓語(yǔ)常接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有 enjoy,consider, keep, mind,practice, feel like, give up,cant help, miss, finish,suggest, be busy 等Have you finished readingt

14、he book？你讀完了這本書(shū)嗎？動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞在句中的作用成分用法例句做表語(yǔ)跟在系動(dòng)詞后做表語(yǔ)，也可轉(zhuǎn)換為做主語(yǔ)My job is looking after thepatient.Looking after thepatient is my job.我的工作是照看病人。做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，只表示所修飾詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等，放在所修飾詞之前I often go to the readingroom.我經(jīng)常去閱覽室。(續(xù)表)2.有些動(dòng)詞后面只能跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有：enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事keep doing sth.一直做某事suggest doing sth.建議做

15、某事finish doing sth.做完某事mind doing sth.介意做某事practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事miss doing sth.錯(cuò)過(guò)/懷念做某事3.有些短語(yǔ)后面可以跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)有：be interested in doing sth.對(duì)做某事感興趣spend.(in) doing sth.花費(fèi)做某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事have fun (in) doing sth.開(kāi)開(kāi)心心做某事have a good/great/wonderful time (in) doing sth. 高高興興做某事have a hard tim

16、e (in) doing sth.做某事很困難/麻煩have trouble/problems (in) doing sth.做某事很困難/麻煩feel like doing sth.想要做某事be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事give up doing sth.放棄做某事put off doing sth.推遲做某事look forward to doing sth.盼望著做某事pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth.喜歡做某事勝過(guò)做某事cant help doing sth.忍不

17、住/情不自禁做某事make contributions to doing sth.為做某事而做出貢獻(xiàn)keep/stop/prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事devote (.) to doing sth.獻(xiàn)身于/致力于做某事4.有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，但表達(dá)的意義不同，常見(jiàn)的有：stop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做另一件事stop doing sth.停止做某事try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(沒(méi)有做)forget doing sth.忘記曾經(jīng)做過(guò)某事(已做)r

18、egret to do sth.對(duì)要做的事感到遺憾(還沒(méi)做)regret doing sth.對(duì)做過(guò)的事感到遺憾/后悔(已做)remember to do sth.記住去做某事(還沒(méi)做)remember doing sth.記得曾經(jīng)做過(guò)某事(已做)go on to do sth.做完一件事后繼續(xù)做另一件事go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做原來(lái)那件事need to do sth.某人需要做某事(含主動(dòng)意思)need doing 某東西需要被做(含被動(dòng)意思)used to do sth.過(guò)去常常做某事be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事1.Leonardo DiCaprio,

19、 a famous American actor, was alwaysexpecting _ an Oscar and finally he made it.(2016 年廣東)A.to winB.winningC.not to winD.not winning點(diǎn)撥選 A考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：萊昂納多迪卡普里奧(Leonardo DiCaprio)是位美國(guó)著名的演員，總是期待著贏得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)，最終他成功了。expect to do sth.意為“期待做某事”，其否定形式為expect not to do sth.結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)該用肯定形式，故選 A。2.We advise parents

20、 _ their children at home alone inorder to keep them away from danger.(2015 年廣東)A.not leaveC.leave點(diǎn)撥選BB.not to leaveD.to leave考查動(dòng)詞不定式。 句意：我們建議父母為了遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)，不要把他們的孩子單獨(dú)留在家里。advise sb.not to dosth.建議某人不要做某事。故選 B。3.Sarah, youd better drink more water after _ forsuch a long time.(2015 年廣州)A.runC.to run點(diǎn)撥選DB.r

21、unsD.running考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：莎拉，在跑了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后，你最好多喝水。after 在此為介詞，英語(yǔ)中介詞后面接動(dòng)名詞。故選 D。4.Though he often made his little sister _， today hewas made _ by his little sister.(2015 年汕尾)A.cry; to cryC.cry; cry點(diǎn)撥選AB.crying; cryingD.to cry; cry考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管他經(jīng)常把他妹妹弄哭，但是今天他被他妹妹弄哭了。make 用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使，讓”，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中其后要跟省略 to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足

22、語(yǔ)，而在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，to 不能省去。故選 A。5.Jane was shy.She would not invite her classmates _speaking English.(2015 年汕尾)A.practiceC.practicing點(diǎn)撥選DB.practicesD.to practice考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：珍妮很害羞，她不邀請(qǐng)她的同學(xué)們練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。invite sb to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事，故選 D。6.In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced herselfto get up early this morning.(

23、2014 年廣東)A.not to be lateC.to be lateB.not being lateD.being late點(diǎn)撥選 A考查動(dòng)詞不定式。in order to do sth.為了做某事，其否定形式為 in order not to do sth.。句意：為了會(huì)議不遲到，我姐姐強(qiáng)迫自己在早晨早起。故選 A。7.A British high school is going to allow students _lessons in the afternoon.(2014 年佛山)A.startB.startingC.to start點(diǎn)撥選 C考查動(dòng)詞不定式。allow sb.t

24、o do sth.允許某人做某事，故選 C。8._ play with fire. _ with fire is dangerous.(2014 年梅州)A.Dont; PlayingC.Dont; PlayB.Not; PlayingD.Not to; To play點(diǎn)撥選 A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：不要玩火。玩火很危險(xiǎn)。由句意可知，第一句話為祈使句，應(yīng)用 dont 引導(dǎo)；第二句話為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞形式，故選 A。9.Paul looks forward to _ his pen pal as soon aspossible.(2014 年梅州)A.meetsB.me

25、etC.meetingD.met考查動(dòng)名詞。look forward to doing sth.為固定點(diǎn)撥選C用法，故選 C。10.I didnt hear you come in just now.Thats good.We tried _ any noise, for you weresleeping.(2013 年廣東)A.not makeC.to make點(diǎn)撥選BB.not to makeD.making考查動(dòng)詞不定式。try (not) to do sth.努力(不)做某事，try doing sth.嘗試做某事。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處是指努力不發(fā)出聲響。故選 B。11.I always

26、tell my students _ on the road because itsreally dangerous.(2013 年廣州)A.not to playC.not playing點(diǎn)撥選AB.to play notD.not play考查動(dòng)詞不定式。tell sb.not to do sth.告訴某人不要做某事，故選 A。12.Her mother always persuades her _ her dietproperly.(2013 年佛山)A.to reduceB.not to reduceC.reduce點(diǎn)撥選A考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：她媽媽一直提醒她要合理減少飲食。pers

27、uade sb.(not) to do sth.勸某人(不)做某事。故選 A。13.I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into theclassroom.(2013 年梅州)A.lyingB.layC.lieD.lies點(diǎn)撥選A考查動(dòng)名詞。find sth./sb.doing sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某事/某人正在做某事，letter 和 lie 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選 A。14.Doctor Norman Bethune gave his life to _ Chinesepeople.(2013 年茂名)A.helpB.helpi

28、ngC.work點(diǎn)撥選B考查動(dòng)名詞。 固定搭配give ones life to doingsth.獻(xiàn)身于做某事，故選B。15.The tree _ by your mum grows very well.(2013 年茂名)A.plantingB.is plantedC.planted點(diǎn)撥選 C考查過(guò)去分詞。此句主謂賓完整，又由于tree與plant 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故選C。16.I think this talk is worth _.(2013 年肇慶)A.to listenB.to listen toC.listeningD.listening to點(diǎn)撥選D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由固定搭配be worth doing可排除A、B 兩項(xiàng)。listen 為不及物動(dòng)詞，需帶上介詞 to 后面才能跟賓語(yǔ) this talk。故選D。17.It took me two weeks _ reading the novels writtenby Guo Jingming.(2012 年廣東)A.finishB.to finishC.finishesD.finishing點(diǎn)撥選B考查動(dòng)詞不定式。It takes/took sb.some time todo sth.意為“某人花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事”，故選 B。