人教版高考英語總復習練習專題2 特殊句式

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1、第十講　特殊句式 　　　　　　　　句式結(jié)構(gòu)需把握 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原則這樣運用 1．(2019·天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment ____________ I first came across my new neighbors. that　解析：此處是“It is/was...that...”強調(diào)句式，強調(diào)的是when引導的時間狀語從句，故填that。 2．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)It could be anything—garden

2、ing, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，____________(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. make　解析：句中動詞短語置于句首，構(gòu)成祈使句，故用動詞原形。 3．(2019·天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____________ the coach picks up tourists. that　解析：本題考查

3、強調(diào)句型。at the hotel是被強調(diào)部分，缺少強調(diào)句式中的that，故填that。 4．(2019·陜西西安八校聯(lián)考)As far as I can see, ____________ is no possibility that he will win the tennis match this time. there　解析：句意：依我看，他沒有贏得這次網(wǎng)球比賽的可能性。There is no possibility that...意為“沒有……的可能性”，為there be 句型。故填there。 5．There is a house near the river.There

4、lives a man in the house and there ____________ (be) a lot of fish in the river. are　解析：此處表示河里有很多魚。此處fish指的是魚不是魚肉，fish單復數(shù)同形，故謂語動詞用復數(shù)are。 6．You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all，____________(bring)plenty of drinking water with you. bring　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知后一句缺少謂語，此處為

5、祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：去山里散步之前，你應該做好充分的準備。最重要的是，要帶足夠多的飲用水。 通關(guān)點擊 ____________________________________________________原則這樣解讀 1．強調(diào)句式 (1)強調(diào)句式的常用結(jié)構(gòu) 陳述句：It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who... 一般疑問句：Is/Was it＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who...? 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that...? It is/was not until...＋that... It is only by listening to and un

6、derstanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通過傾聽和相互理解，孩子和父母之間的問題才可能被解決。 It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上我一直到十二點才睡。 Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket? 你是昨天在超市遇到你的老朋友的嗎？ (2)強調(diào)謂

7、語動詞 強調(diào)謂語動詞時，要在所強調(diào)的謂語動詞前加助動詞do, does或did。 The family did manageto send him to a technical school. 家里的確設(shè)法讓他上技術(shù)學校。 2．祈使句 祈使句表“請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告”等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)為：“動詞(短語)原形＋連詞＋句子(一般用將來時)”。有時為了加強感情色彩或特別指明向誰發(fā)出命令或要求時，可以加上you，Mary，girls等作為稱呼。 Tom，water the flowers today！　湯姆，今天澆花！ 3．反意疑問句 反意疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分用陳述句形式，后

8、一部分是一個附加在前一部分上的簡單問句，本著“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原則，附加問句部分的動詞以及主語取決于陳述句。 Your parents had a long talk with you last weekend, didn’t they? 你的父母上周末和你進行了一次長談，是嗎？ 祈使句的反意疑問句一般用will you或者won’t you的形式。Let’s開頭的祈使句，反意疑問句用shall we；Let us開頭的祈使句，反意疑問句用will you?！? 4．There be結(jié)構(gòu) There be/stands/lies... There is no poss

9、ibility that... There is no sense of doing sth. There is no need to do sth. There seems to be... there be句型的主謂一致，如果主語由兩個或兩個以上的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成，謂語動詞be應該和離它最近的主語保持一致。 The Public Square is a famous sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. 大眾廣場是這個城市著名的景點，許多歷史名人的石雕像矗

10、立在那里。 5．感嘆句 (1)what引導的感嘆句 ①What＋a/an＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語)! What a good heart you have! 你的心腸真好！ ②What＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)！ What interesting stories he’s told us! 他給我們講的故事真有趣！ (2)how引導的感嘆句 ①How＋adj./adv. (＋主語＋謂語)! How clever the boy is! 這男孩真聰明！ ②How＋adj.＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語)! How clever

11、a boy he is! 這男孩真聰明！ 　　　　　　　　倒裝原則要記牢 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原則這樣運用 1.(2019·四川部分名校聯(lián)測)At the top of the hill____________ (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. lies　解析：當介詞短語置于句首時，句子應用完全倒裝，去除修飾部分which has a wonderful view of the whole

12、city后，還原成正常語序為：An old cottage____________(lie) at the top of the hill.句意：山頂上坐落著一間能一覽全城美景的古老小屋。結(jié)合定語從句的時態(tài)可以判斷，此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填lies。 2．(天津卷)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ____________she notice the spelling mistake. did　解析：當only修飾的時間狀語位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝，且由本句時態(tài)可知應用一般過去時，故填did。句子還原為正常語序

13、為：Mary noticed the spelling mistake only after she read her composition the second time.。 3．So necessary____________ I found it to learn about my kid’s schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week. have　解析：考查so...that倒裝句式，正常語序為I have found it so necessary to learn about my kid’s schoolwork

14、 that I will visit his teachers next week.。 4. Not a single word ____________ he say when he was asked, which made his parents angry. did　解析：否定副詞not位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝，由when he was asked可知應用助動詞did倒裝。 通關(guān)點擊 ____________________________________________________原則這樣解讀 1．在下列情形下需要使用部分倒裝： (1)當否定詞或帶有否定意義的

15、詞或短語位于句首時，常用部分倒裝。這類詞或短語有：little，few，never，seldom, rarely，by no means，not only，not until，at no time, under/in no circumstances，in no case，in no way, no sooner，hardly，scarcely等。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who nee

16、d it. 不僅要給那些找工作的人提供幫助，而且也要給那些有需要的人提供藥物治療。 Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. 我不知道這件事，也不關(guān)心。 (2)當only修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時，用部分倒裝。 (湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. 只有當你找到內(nèi)心的平靜時你才能與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。 (3)so/neither/nor置于句首時，用部分倒裝。 The

17、y love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. 他們喜歡交很多朋友，那些身有殘疾的人也是如此。 (4)在so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，當“so＋形容詞/副詞”或“such＋名詞”位于句首時，用部分倒裝。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他說英語說得如此清晰，以至于別人都能聽得懂。 (5)在as/though引導的讓步狀語從句中，當從句的表語/狀語/動詞位于句首時，用部分倒裝。如

18、果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。 Hard as they tried，they couldn’t make her change her mind. 盡管他們盡力了，但他們還是沒能讓她改變主意。 2．在下列情形下需要使用完全倒裝： (1)表示時間、地點和動作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首時，且主語是名詞，謂語動詞是不及物動詞，句子需用完全倒裝。此時，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。 The moment the bell rang，out rushed the children. 鈴一響，孩子們沖了

19、出去。 (2)當?shù)攸c狀語位于句首時，且主語是名詞，謂語動詞是不及物動詞，為了避免頭重腳輕，句子需進行完全倒裝。 Next door to ours live a foreign couple，who seem to have settled into life in China. 我們隔壁住著一對外國夫婦，他們看起來已經(jīng)習慣了中國的生活。 ,[學生用書P41]　 　　) 單句語法填空 1．(2019·湖北四地七校聯(lián)考)However，like so many other things，it is only too much stress ____________ does you

20、 harm. that　解析：句意：但是，像很多其他的事情一樣，只有太多的壓力才會傷害到你。去掉it is及設(shè)空處，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意義仍然完整，因此此句為強調(diào)句，其基本句型為“It is/ was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他”。本句被強調(diào)的部分為事物，故填that。 2．(2019·山東部分重點中學第二次聯(lián)考)Yes, of course they celebrate Christmas here, and there are obviously displays in shops and Christmas markets, but ____________ seem to be n

21、o signs of Christmas adverts. there　解析：句意：當然他們在這里慶祝圣誕節(jié)，而且很明顯商店和圣誕節(jié)市場里有很多展覽品，但是似乎沒有圣誕廣告的跡象。考查there be句型，be動詞可用lie，exist，seem，remain等替代。 3．(2019·湖北襄陽四校聯(lián)考)Although it was ten years ago ____________ I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends，always pushing us to move on. th

22、at　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)時間狀語，所以填that。 4．(2019·江西九江高三一模)I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol, and ____________ was my friend Mike. so　解析：根據(jù)句意判斷，所填的詞要能表達出后一種情況與前面情況相同這一意義，故用so，構(gòu)成“so＋謂語動詞＋主語”這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“……也……”。 5．(2019·廣西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket m

23、oney while ____________ (train) him. training　解析：根據(jù)賓語him判斷，train在此是動詞，其邏輯主語與句子的主語一致，且二者為主動關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞。 6．(2019·湖北荊州中學質(zhì)檢)Only then ____________ we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move. did　解析：句意：只有在那時我們才意識到地震發(fā)生了。我太害怕了以至于一動不動。“only＋狀語”位于句首，后面的句子需要部分倒裝。本句介紹的是過去的事情，需用一般過去時，故填did

24、。 7．(2019·江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市調(diào)研)One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption over the past few years，tough ____________ it is，has achieved inspiring progress. as/though解析：句意：有理由相信在過去的幾年里中國的反腐活動取得了令人鼓舞的成就，雖然該活動很艱難。as/though引導讓步狀語從句時采用了形式倒裝。 8．(2019·江蘇連云港灌南華僑雙語學校月考)Now, just in front of the house __

25、__________(stand) a tall tree with a history of 100 years. stands　解析：句意：現(xiàn)在，就在這座房子前面聳立著一棵有100年歷史的大樹。表示地點的介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞，后面的主語、謂語部分需用全部倒裝形式；根據(jù)時間狀語Now可推知設(shè)空處需用一般現(xiàn)在時；本句主語為單數(shù)第三人稱，故填stands。 9．(2019·湖北荊門調(diào)研)It wasn’t until in high school ____________ I began to trust other people again. that　解析：句意：直到上了高中

26、我才開始再次信任別人。本句考查強調(diào)句型“It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分”。 10．(2019·江西樟樹中學等六校一聯(lián))In that way，World Read Aloud Day ____________ (do) help make a difference. does　解析：句意：通過那種方式，世界大聲讀書日的確幫助產(chǎn)生了影響。本句主語為單數(shù)第三人稱，設(shè)空處后的謂語動詞是動詞原形help，根據(jù)提示詞do可知本題考查強調(diào)。do/does/did放在實義動詞前表示強調(diào)。本句主語為單數(shù)第三人稱，故填does。 單句改錯 1．(2019·福建福州八中高三質(zhì)檢)Th

27、erefore, it was no doubt that I was left alone, suffering from loneliness and failure.____________________ it→there　解析：there is no doubt that...是一個固定句型，意為“毫無疑問”。 2．(2019·湖南株洲教學質(zhì)量檢測)How an interesting country to live in！____________________ How→What　解析：根據(jù)后面的名詞country可知，應用what引起感嘆。 3．(2019·河南百校聯(lián)盟教

28、學質(zhì)量檢測)There was many tasks I had to finish.Besides，I attended English and Math training classes because of my weaknesses in the two subjects.____________________ was→were　解析：考查there be...句型的主謂一致。be動詞的單復數(shù)取決于后面緊鄰的主語的單復數(shù)，此處主語為復數(shù)，be動詞應用復數(shù)，故將was改為were。 4．(2019·湖南長沙一模)Doing as well as you can today, and

29、 perhaps you may be able to do better tomorrow.____________________ Doing→Do　解析：該句為“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，祈使句句首應用動詞原形，故將Doing改為Do。 5．(2019·山西重點中學協(xié)作體一模)When taken exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.____________________ taken→taking　解析：句意：當我們參加考

30、試時，為了取得好結(jié)果來使我們的父母和老師高興，我們有時會作弊。本題考查省略。將句子補全后為：When we are taking exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.時間狀語從句主語與主句主語一致，且從句中含有be動詞時，可將從句主語和be動詞去掉，故將taken改為taking。 6．(2019·山東菏澤一模)As is known to us all, some students have breakfast regularly wh

31、ile others don’t.There is several reasons.____________________ 第二個is→are　解析：句意：眾所周知，一些學生有規(guī)律地吃早餐而其他學生并非如此。這有幾個原因。there be句型中，be要和后面的主語保持一致，本句中several reasons為復數(shù)形式，故將There is改為There are。 7．(2019·湖南衡陽八中、永州市四中一聯(lián))It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my wo

32、rk more efficient.____________________ which→that　解析：句意：是團隊合作而不是我自己單打獨斗使我克服了困難并使我的工作效率更高。本句考查強調(diào)句型。強調(diào)句型為：It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分。由此可見需將which改為that。 8．(2019·河北衡水中學調(diào)研)Once upon a time，it was a boy whose parents name him Odd. ____________________ it→there　解析：句意：從前有一個男孩兒，他的父母給他取名叫Odd。本題考查“there be”

33、句型，意為：有…… 短文改錯 (2019·福建龍巖五校聯(lián)考)While taking walk with my pet dog this morning，I found a middle-aged man nearby was shouting on her phone.Obviously, he had a badly day.After he left，I noticed his key on the ground.So I immediately picked them up and ran away from to find the man.Several minutes lat

34、er, I found him, whom was still shouting on his phone beside his car.I walked to him and ask if he could hold on a few seconds.At first, he was angrily about my interruption.Then I showed his keys or explained the whole thing.On hearing my words, he immediately hung up his phone and apologized for h

35、is rude. 答案： While taking walk with my pet dog this morning，I found a middle-aged man nearby was shouting on phone.Obviously, he had a day.After he left，I noticed his on the ground.So I immediately picked them up and ran away to find the man.Several minutes later, I found him, was still sh

36、outing on his phone beside his car.I walked to him and if he could hold on a few seconds.At first, he was about my interruption.Then I showed his keys explained the whole thing.On hearing my words, he immediately hung up his phone and apologized for his . 內(nèi)容總結(jié) （1）(2)強調(diào)謂語動詞 強調(diào)謂語動詞時，要在所強調(diào)的謂語動詞前加助動詞do, does或did （2）be動詞的單復數(shù)取決于后面緊鄰的主語的單復數(shù)，此處主語為復數(shù)，be動詞應用復數(shù)，故將was改為were