人教版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)專題2 特殊句式

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1、第十講　特殊句式 　　　　　　　　句式結(jié)構(gòu)需把握 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原則這樣運(yùn)用 1．(2019·天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment ____________ I first came across my new neighbors. that　解析：此處是“It is/was...that...”強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故填that。 2．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)It could be anything—garden

2、ing, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，____________(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. make　解析：句中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，構(gòu)成祈使句，故用動(dòng)詞原形。 3．(2019·天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____________ the coach picks up tourists. that　解析：本題考查

3、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。at the hotel是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，缺少?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句式中的that，故填that。 4．(2019·陜西西安八校聯(lián)考)As far as I can see, ____________ is no possibility that he will win the tennis match this time. there　解析：句意：依我看，他沒(méi)有贏得這次網(wǎng)球比賽的可能性。There is no possibility that...意為“沒(méi)有……的可能性”，為there be 句型。故填there。 5．There is a house near the river.There

4、lives a man in the house and there ____________ (be) a lot of fish in the river. are　解析：此處表示河里有很多魚。此處fish指的是魚不是魚肉，fish單復(fù)數(shù)同形，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)are。 6．You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all，____________(bring)plenty of drinking water with you. bring　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知后一句缺少謂語(yǔ)，此處為

5、祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：去山里散步之前，你應(yīng)該做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。最重要的是，要帶足夠多的飲用水。 通關(guān)點(diǎn)擊 ____________________________________________________原則這樣解讀 1．強(qiáng)調(diào)句式 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的常用結(jié)構(gòu) 陳述句：It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who... 一般疑問(wèn)句：Is/Was it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was＋it＋that...? It is/was not until...＋that... It is only by listening to and un

6、derstanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通過(guò)傾聽和相互理解，孩子和父母之間的問(wèn)題才可能被解決。 It was not until twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上我一直到十二點(diǎn)才睡。 Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket? 你是昨天在超市遇到你的老朋友的嗎？ (2)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂

7、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要在所強(qiáng)調(diào)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞do, does或did。 The family did manageto send him to a technical school. 家里的確設(shè)法讓他上技術(shù)學(xué)校。 2．祈使句 祈使句表“請(qǐng)求、命令、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告”等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：“動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))原形＋連詞＋句子(一般用將來(lái)時(shí))”。有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)感情色彩或特別指明向誰(shuí)發(fā)出命令或要求時(shí)，可以加上you，Mary，girls等作為稱呼。 Tom，water the flowers today！　湯姆，今天澆花！ 3．反意疑問(wèn)句 反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：前一部分用陳述句形式，后

8、一部分是一個(gè)附加在前一部分上的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句，本著“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原則，附加問(wèn)句部分的動(dòng)詞以及主語(yǔ)取決于陳述句。 Your parents had a long talk with you last weekend, didn’t they? 你的父母上周末和你進(jìn)行了一次長(zhǎng)談，是嗎？ 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句一般用will you或者won’t you的形式。Let’s開頭的祈使句，反意疑問(wèn)句用shall we；Let us開頭的祈使句，反意疑問(wèn)句用will you?！? 4．There be結(jié)構(gòu) There be/stands/lies... There is no poss

9、ibility that... There is no sense of doing sth. There is no need to do sth. There seems to be... there be句型的主謂一致，如果主語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be應(yīng)該和離它最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 The Public Square is a famous sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. 大眾廣場(chǎng)是這個(gè)城市著名的景點(diǎn)，許多歷史名人的石雕像矗

10、立在那里。 5．感嘆句 (1)what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 ①What＋a/an＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))! What a good heart you have! 你的心腸真好！ ②What＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)！ What interesting stories he’s told us! 他給我們講的故事真有趣！ (2)how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 ①How＋adj./adv. (＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))! How clever the boy is! 這男孩真聰明！ ②How＋adj.＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))! How clever

11、a boy he is! 這男孩真聰明！ 　　　　　　　　倒裝原則要記牢 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原則這樣運(yùn)用 1.(2019·四川部分名校聯(lián)測(cè))At the top of the hill____________ (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. lies　解析：當(dāng)介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用完全倒裝，去除修飾部分which has a wonderful view of the whole

12、city后，還原成正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篈n old cottage____________(lie) at the top of the hill.句意：山頂上坐落著一間能一覽全城美景的古老小屋。結(jié)合定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以判斷，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填lies。 2．(天津卷)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ____________she notice the spelling mistake. did　解析：當(dāng)only修飾的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝，且由本句時(shí)態(tài)可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填did。句子還原為正常語(yǔ)序

13、為：Mary noticed the spelling mistake only after she read her composition the second time.。 3．So necessary____________ I found it to learn about my kid’s schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week. have　解析：考查so...that倒裝句式，正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)镮 have found it so necessary to learn about my kid’s schoolwork

14、 that I will visit his teachers next week.。 4. Not a single word ____________ he say when he was asked, which made his parents angry. did　解析：否定副詞not位于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，由when he was asked可知應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞did倒裝。 通關(guān)點(diǎn)擊 ____________________________________________________原則這樣解讀 1．在下列情形下需要使用部分倒裝： (1)當(dāng)否定詞或帶有否定意義的

15、詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，常用部分倒裝。這類詞或短語(yǔ)有：little，few，never，seldom, rarely，by no means，not only，not until，at no time, under/in no circumstances，in no case，in no way, no sooner，hardly，scarcely等。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who nee

16、d it. 不僅要給那些找工作的人提供幫助，而且也要給那些有需要的人提供藥物治療。 Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. 我不知道這件事，也不關(guān)心。 (2)當(dāng)only修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。 (湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. 只有當(dāng)你找到內(nèi)心的平靜時(shí)你才能與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。 (3)so/neither/nor置于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。 The

17、y love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. 他們喜歡交很多朋友，那些身有殘疾的人也是如此。 (4)在so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)“so＋形容詞/副詞”或“such＋名詞”位于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得如此清晰，以至于別人都能聽得懂。 (5)在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句的表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞位于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。如

18、果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。 Hard as they tried，they couldn’t make her change her mind. 盡管他們盡力了，但他們還是沒(méi)能讓她改變主意。 2．在下列情形下需要使用完全倒裝： (1)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，句子需用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 The moment the bell rang，out rushed the children. 鈴一響，孩子們沖了

19、出去。 (2)當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，為了避免頭重腳輕，句子需進(jìn)行完全倒裝。 Next door to ours live a foreign couple，who seem to have settled into life in China. 我們隔壁住著一對(duì)外國(guó)夫婦，他們看起來(lái)已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了中國(guó)的生活。 ,[學(xué)生用書P41]　 　　) 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2019·湖北四地七校聯(lián)考)However，like so many other things，it is only too much stress ____________ does you

20、 harm. that　解析：句意：但是，像很多其他的事情一樣，只有太多的壓力才會(huì)傷害到你。去掉it is及設(shè)空處，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意義仍然完整，因此此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其基本句型為“It is/ was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他”。本句被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分為事物，故填that。 2．(2019·山東部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)第二次聯(lián)考)Yes, of course they celebrate Christmas here, and there are obviously displays in shops and Christmas markets, but ____________ seem to be n

21、o signs of Christmas adverts. there　解析：句意：當(dāng)然他們?cè)谶@里慶祝圣誕節(jié)，而且很明顯商店和圣誕節(jié)市場(chǎng)里有很多展覽品，但是似乎沒(méi)有圣誕廣告的跡象。考查there be句型，be動(dòng)詞可用lie，exist，seem，remain等替代。 3．(2019·湖北襄陽(yáng)四校聯(lián)考)Although it was ten years ago ____________ I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends，always pushing us to move on. th

22、at　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以填that。 4．(2019·江西九江高三一模)I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol, and ____________ was my friend Mike. so　解析：根據(jù)句意判斷，所填的詞要能表達(dá)出后一種情況與前面情況相同這一意義，故用so，構(gòu)成“so＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“……也……”。 5．(2019·廣西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket m

23、oney while ____________ (train) him. training　解析：根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)him判斷，train在此是動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致，且二者為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞。 6．(2019·湖北荊州中學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Only then ____________ we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move. did　解析：句意：只有在那時(shí)我們才意識(shí)到地震發(fā)生了。我太害怕了以至于一動(dòng)不動(dòng)?！皁nly＋狀語(yǔ)”位于句首，后面的句子需要部分倒裝。本句介紹的是過(guò)去的事情，需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填did

24、。 7．(2019·江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市調(diào)研)One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption over the past few years，tough ____________ it is，has achieved inspiring progress. as/though解析：句意：有理由相信在過(guò)去的幾年里中國(guó)的反腐活動(dòng)取得了令人鼓舞的成就，雖然該活動(dòng)很艱難。as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)采用了形式倒裝。 8．(2019·江蘇連云港灌南華僑雙語(yǔ)學(xué)校月考)Now, just in front of the house __

25、__________(stand) a tall tree with a history of 100 years. stands　解析：句意：現(xiàn)在，就在這座房子前面聳立著一棵有100年歷史的大樹。表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，后面的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)部分需用全部倒裝形式；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Now可推知設(shè)空處需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；本句主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱，故填stands。 9．(2019·湖北荊門調(diào)研)It wasn’t until in high school ____________ I began to trust other people again. that　解析：句意：直到上了高中

26、我才開始再次信任別人。本句考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分”。 10．(2019·江西樟樹中學(xué)等六校一聯(lián))In that way，World Read Aloud Day ____________ (do) help make a difference. does　解析：句意：通過(guò)那種方式，世界大聲讀書日的確幫助產(chǎn)生了影響。本句主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱，設(shè)空處后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞原形help，根據(jù)提示詞do可知本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)。do/does/did放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。本句主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱，故填does。 單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2019·福建福州八中高三質(zhì)檢)Th

27、erefore, it was no doubt that I was left alone, suffering from loneliness and failure.____________________ it→there　解析：there is no doubt that...是一個(gè)固定句型，意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”。 2．(2019·湖南株洲教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))How an interesting country to live in！____________________ How→What　解析：根據(jù)后面的名詞country可知，應(yīng)用what引起感嘆。 3．(2019·河南百校聯(lián)盟教

28、學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))There was many tasks I had to finish.Besides，I attended English and Math training classes because of my weaknesses in the two subjects.____________________ was→were　解析：考查there be...句型的主謂一致。be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面緊鄰的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)，此處主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故將was改為were。 4．(2019·湖南長(zhǎng)沙一模)Doing as well as you can today, and

29、 perhaps you may be able to do better tomorrow.____________________ Doing→Do　解析：該句為“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，祈使句句首應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形，故將Doing改為Do。 5．(2019·山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體一模)When taken exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.____________________ taken→taking　解析：句意：當(dāng)我們參加考

30、試時(shí)，為了取得好結(jié)果來(lái)使我們的父母和老師高興，我們有時(shí)會(huì)作弊。本題考查省略。將句子補(bǔ)全后為：When we are taking exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞去掉，故將taken改為taking。 6．(2019·山東菏澤一模)As is known to us all, some students have breakfast regularly wh

31、ile others don’t.There is several reasons.____________________ 第二個(gè)is→are　解析：句意：眾所周知，一些學(xué)生有規(guī)律地吃早餐而其他學(xué)生并非如此。這有幾個(gè)原因。there be句型中，be要和后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致，本句中several reasons為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將There is改為There are。 7．(2019·湖南衡陽(yáng)八中、永州市四中一聯(lián))It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my wo

32、rk more efficient.____________________ which→that　解析：句意：是團(tuán)隊(duì)合作而不是我自己?jiǎn)未颡?dú)斗使我克服了困難并使我的工作效率更高。本句考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為：It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分。由此可見需將which改為that。 8．(2019·河北衡水中學(xué)調(diào)研)Once upon a time，it was a boy whose parents name him Odd. ____________________ it→there　解析：句意：從前有一個(gè)男孩兒，他的父母給他取名叫Odd。本題考查“there be”

33、句型，意為：有…… 短文改錯(cuò) (2019·福建龍巖五校聯(lián)考)While taking walk with my pet dog this morning，I found a middle-aged man nearby was shouting on her phone.Obviously, he had a badly day.After he left，I noticed his key on the ground.So I immediately picked them up and ran away from to find the man.Several minutes lat

34、er, I found him, whom was still shouting on his phone beside his car.I walked to him and ask if he could hold on a few seconds.At first, he was angrily about my interruption.Then I showed his keys or explained the whole thing.On hearing my words, he immediately hung up his phone and apologized for h

35、is rude. 答案： While taking walk with my pet dog this morning，I found a middle-aged man nearby was shouting on phone.Obviously, he had a day.After he left，I noticed his on the ground.So I immediately picked them up and ran away to find the man.Several minutes later, I found him, was still sh

36、outing on his phone beside his car.I walked to him and if he could hold on a few seconds.At first, he was about my interruption.Then I showed his keys explained the whole thing.On hearing my words, he immediately hung up his phone and apologized for his . 內(nèi)容總結(jié) （1）(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要在所強(qiáng)調(diào)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞do, does或did （2）be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面緊鄰的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)，此處主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故將was改為were