江西省信豐中學(xué)英語人教版必修五《Unit 1 Great scientists》教案

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核心單詞 1. defeat vt.擊??；打敗；使（計(jì)劃、希望）落空 Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0. 我們隊(duì)以五比零的比分戰(zhàn)勝了對(duì)手。 He was defeated in his plan.他的計(jì)劃失敗了。 易混辨析 defeat/beat/win defeat, beat都表示在戰(zhàn)斗或競(jìng)賽中“戰(zhàn)勝,打敗(對(duì)手)”,后接競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打敗對(duì)手/國家/團(tuán)隊(duì)…… win也表示“戰(zhàn)勝,贏得”,但它的賓語通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、獎(jiǎng)品或表示尊重、崇拜之類意義的詞。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward ...贏得比賽/戰(zhàn)役/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金/獎(jiǎng)品/獎(jiǎng)?wù)?成功/友誼/獎(jiǎng)賞…… 選詞填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原創(chuàng)） ①By not working hard enough you your own purpose. ②Some countries may be but can never be . ③Who is the drum? ④He the first prize in the writing contest. 答案:①defeated ②defeated; conquered ③beating ④won 2. attend v. 注意；留意；處理(與to連用)=do with； 出席；到場(chǎng)；照看；照料=take care=look after We’ll attend to the problem later. 稍后我們將關(guān)注這個(gè)問題。 Which doctor is attending you? 哪個(gè)醫(yī)生為你看病? 翻譯句子 ①他們?cè)谖覀儾辉跁r(shí)管理事務(wù)。 ②他在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域很出名，今晚會(huì)有成千上萬的敬仰者參加他的講座。 答案：①They attended our affairs during our absence. ②He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening. 3. expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常與介詞to連用，表示“使暴露于（日光、風(fēng)雨等）；受到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；使面臨”。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 顯露或暴露于…… be exposed to 暴露于…… Don’t expose it to the rain/wind.別讓它被雨淋/風(fēng)吹。 The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敵人的火力之下。 The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 對(duì)貪官污吏的罪行一定要毫無保留地予以揭發(fā)。 用expose的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①In summer, ______the sun can be very harmful to your skin. ②The soil was washed away by the flood, _____bare rock. 答案: ① being exposed to ② exposing 4. cure vt.&n. 治愈，治療；常用于“cure sb. of ...”結(jié)構(gòu)中。 The doctor cured her of a bad cold.醫(yī)生治好了她的重感冒。 It is possible to cure the sickness.治愈這種疾病是可能的。 5. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液體，氣體，光，聲等）；汲取，理解（知識(shí)等）；使全神貫注；吸引（注意等），后常接介詞in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介詞into；承受；經(jīng)受。 聯(lián)想拓展 absorbed adj. 精神集中的 absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的 absorb from sth. 從……中吸收 be absorbed in 專心于，全神貫注于 Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。 So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once. 這么多好主意！我很難一下子完全吸收。 The old man was completely absorbed in the book. 老人全神貫注地讀這本書。 The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city. 四周的小城鎮(zhèn)已并入到這座城市中。 6. blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；歸咎于 n.責(zé)怪；(過失、過錯(cuò)等)責(zé)任 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而指責(zé)某人 blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指責(zé)某人 sb. be to blame for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人應(yīng)受到譴責(zé) The student blamed the teacher for his failure. 學(xué)生因失敗而責(zé)怪老師。 The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday. 那個(gè)粗心的司機(jī)該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負(fù)責(zé)。 Who is to blame for the failure? 誰該為這次的失敗負(fù)責(zé)? 溫馨提示 be to blame 應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)(無被動(dòng)形式) (1)單項(xiàng)填空 We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that for their son’s bad performance at school. （2010·01·陜西西安檢測(cè)） A. are to blame B. is to be blamed C. are to be blamed D. is to blame 7. link vt. 連接；聯(lián)系 n. 環(huán)；連接；聯(lián)系；紐帶 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： link ...to/with 將……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來 link up 連接起來 The highway links Shanghai to/with Beijing. 這條公路連接著上海和北京。 Your story links up with his. 你所說的和他所說的能聯(lián)系起來。 重點(diǎn)短語 8. put forward 提出(意見、建議)；推薦；提名；將表撥快 He put forward a better plan. 他提出了一個(gè)更好的計(jì)劃。 Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary? 我推薦你（提名讓你）擔(dān)任高爾夫球俱樂部的秘書好嗎？ 聯(lián)想拓展 1）單項(xiàng)填空 At the meeting, he his plan. （原創(chuàng)） A. looked forward to B. put forward C. took forward D. came forward （2）完成句子 她正為選舉制度改革提出一些建議。 She is some proposals for electoral reform. 解析:(1) 選B。句意為:在會(huì)議上,他提出了他的計(jì)劃。put forward提出。 (2)putting forward 9. apart from 除……之外；脫離開；此外 Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher. 除了少數(shù)的幾個(gè)缺點(diǎn)外，他是個(gè)值得信賴的老師。 Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t suit me. 除了太長(zhǎng)，這條褲子的款式也不適合我。 There can be no knowledge apart from practice. 沒有知識(shí)能脫離實(shí)踐。 易混辨析 apart from/except for/except/besides/but for/in addition to/except that apart from表示“除……外（別無）”時(shí)相當(dāng)于besides和except for,但apart from還有“除……以外（還）”之意。另外，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。 except“除……”（不包括其后的賓語），besides“除了……還”（包括其后的賓語）。另外，besides還可以作副詞,表示“并且，而且”。 but for表示“如果不是由于……”之意（=If it were not for...或If it had not been for...）。 in addition to 相當(dāng)于besides，表示“除……之外，還有”（包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)）。 except that后面跟句子，用來表示理由或細(xì)節(jié)。 （1）單項(xiàng)填空 English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French. （2010·01·河北石家莊檢測(cè)） A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Apart from （2）用apart from/except for/except/except that/besides填空 （原創(chuàng)） ①We go there every day Monday. ②He is a good man his bad temper. ③Your article is good there are some spelling mistakes. ④ the cost, it will take a lot of time. ⑤ that, everything goes well. (1)解析:選D。 apart from相當(dāng)于besides，意思是“除……外，還有……”。except表示“除……，不包括在內(nèi)”，從后面的also看，應(yīng)用besides或apart from。 (2)①except ②except for/apart from ③except that ④Apart from/Besides ⑤Apart from/Except for 10. make sense 講得通；有道理；有意義(反義詞組make no sense) Your story doesn’t make sense to me. 你編的故事我聽不明白。 It makes good sense to take good care of your health. 照顧好你的身體是明智的。 重點(diǎn)句型 11. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴發(fā)（霍亂）時(shí)，都有大批驚恐的老百姓死去。 本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，every time引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，意思是“每當(dāng)……”，相當(dāng)于“when”。另外，此狀語從句中還有一個(gè)“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)。So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。 聯(lián)想拓展 類似的時(shí)間狀語歸納： each time每次；每當(dāng) at the time在那個(gè)時(shí)候；（當(dāng)……）的時(shí)候 any/next/the first/the last time意為“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。 the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。 She went to see him directly she got the letter. 她一收到信就去看他了。 Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio. 一吃完飯他就把收音機(jī)打開了。 She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一聽說發(fā)生了事故，就立刻趕到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。 The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我們談話時(shí)他說他還需要兩天。 （1）單項(xiàng)填空 She said to me, “I’ll tell you the result of test I know it.” （2010·01·陜西師大附中檢測(cè)） A. Because B. the moment C. After D. though （2）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 （原創(chuàng)） I gave Mary the money when I saw her. I gave Mary the money I saw her. 解析： （1）選B。the moment意為“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于as soon as。類似用法的連詞還有: the minute/instant; instantly/immediately/directly等。 (2)the minute/the moment 12. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ... 他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)…… 此句中“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語(v.ing/v.ed/to do/adj./adv./prep. phrases)”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常用作狀語，表示方式，原因或條件等。 With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest.在這位老人的帶領(lǐng)下，我們開始向森林進(jìn)發(fā)。 111