2019-2020年九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Module 12 Summer in LA主謂一致“三原則” 外研版.doc

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2019-2020年九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Module 12 Summer in LA主謂一致“三原則” 外研版 英語(yǔ)句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，而在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中又有一些具體情況，概括起來(lái)，主謂一致要遵循以下三個(gè)原則： 一、語(yǔ)法一致原則 1. 如果主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。如： The number of students in our school is rising. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)在上升。 2. each, either, neither, nobody, nothing, anything, anybody, everybody, everything等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如： Each of them has been to Beijing. 他們每個(gè)人都去過(guò)北京。 Neither of them likes the film. 他們兩個(gè)誰(shuí)也不喜歡那部電影。 3. 主語(yǔ)的數(shù)不受后面修飾它的短語(yǔ)的影響。如： Tom together with his parents has visited the Great Wall. 湯姆和他父母一起游覽過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。 二、意義一致原則 1. 有的主語(yǔ)看似復(fù)數(shù)形式但表示的是單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如： The news is exciting. 這是個(gè)令人振奮的消息。 The United States is in North America. 美國(guó)位于北美洲。 Two years is really a very long time. 兩年的確是個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。 2. what, who, which, all, any, none, more, most 等代詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)具體情況來(lái)確定。如： What you said is very important. 你所說(shuō)的話很重要。 Which are their chairs? 哪些是他們的椅子？ 3. 表示抽象概念的動(dòng)詞不定式和v.-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如： To see is to believe. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。 Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多有害健康。 4. 一些集體名詞(如family, team, group, class, audience, pany等) 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如被看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Her family is a large one. 她的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。 Her family are interested in football. 她家人都對(duì)足球感興趣。 5. 由“分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù) ＋ of ＋ 名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果of后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果of后面的名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如： Two thirds of the building is large enough for us. 這幢樓房的三分之二對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)就足夠大了。 Sixty-five percent of the books have been written in English. 百分之六十五的書籍是用英語(yǔ)寫的。 三、就近一致原則 1. 當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)用or, either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...等連詞連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。如： Either Mary or her brothers are going to help me. 瑪麗或者是她的兄弟們會(huì)來(lái)幫助我。 2. 由here / there引起的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式通常和作主語(yǔ)的第一個(gè)名詞或代詞在數(shù)上保持一致。如： Here is an apple and two pears for you. 這是給你的一個(gè)蘋果和兩個(gè)梨。 There are two books, three rulers and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有兩本書、三把尺子和一支鋼筆。 [跟蹤練習(xí)] 請(qǐng)選擇能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 ( )1. An old man with his two children ___________ down the road now. A. es B. is ing C. are ing ( )2. Be careful!The rest of the water ___________ hot. A. are B. is C. look like ( )3. Tom’s parents ___________ from England. A. is B. am C. are ( )4. Not only the children but also their father ___________ living in the town. A. is B. were C. are ( )5. One pair of trousers ___________ not enough. A. is B. are C. has Key: 1—5 BBCAA