中考英語(yǔ) 第一輪 課本知識(shí)聚焦 第11講 八下 Units 3-4課件.ppt

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第11講八年級(jí)(下)Units3~4,山西專(zhuān)用,1．cloud(n.)→(adj.)多云的2．fold(v.)→(反義詞)(使)展開(kāi)；打開(kāi)3．sweep(v.)→(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)掃；打掃4．throw(v.)→(過(guò)去式)→(過(guò)去分詞)扔；擲5．lend(v.)→(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)供給；借出→(反義詞)借；借用6．develop(v.)→(n.)發(fā)展；發(fā)育；成長(zhǎng)→(adj.)發(fā)展中的→(adj.)發(fā)達(dá)的7．drop(v.)→(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)落下；掉下8．communicate(v.)→__________________(n.)交流；溝通9．a(chǎn)rgue(v.)→(n.)爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵,cloudy,unfold,swept,threw,thrown,lent,borrow,development,developing,developed,dropped,communication,argument,10．explain(v.)→(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)解釋?zhuān)徽f(shuō)明→(n.)解釋?zhuān)徽f(shuō)明11．compare→(n.)比較；對(duì)照12．fair(adj.)→(n.)公正性；公平性→(反義詞)不公平的；不公正的13．ill(adj.)→(n.)疾??；病14．proper(adj.)→(adv.)正確地；適當(dāng)?shù)?5．clear(adj.)→(adv.)清楚地；清晰地；明白地16．typical(adj.)→(adv.)典型地17．usual(adj.)→(反義詞)不尋常的；與眾不同的→(adv.)通常地；一般地18．two(num.)→(adv.)第二；其次,explained,explanation,comparison,fairness,unfair,illness,properly,clearly,typically,unusual,usually,second,1．倒垃圾____________________2．頻繁，反復(fù)__________________3．一……就……，盡快______________4．目的是，為了_____________5．依靠，依賴______________6．照顧，處理_______________7．快速查看，瀏覽______________8．重要的事____________,takeouttherubbish,againandagain,assoonas,inorderto,dependon,takecareof,lookthrough,bigdeal,9．成功地發(fā)展，解決_____________10．和睦相處，關(guān)系良好___________11．刪除，刪去_______________12．比較，對(duì)比________________13．依……看________________14．吃驚地，驚訝地______________15．過(guò)來(lái)，順便拜訪_____________,workout,getonwith,cutout,compare...with,inonesopinion,insurprise,comeover,1．—_________________sweepthefloor？“你能掃一下地板嗎？”—Yes，_______.“好的，當(dāng)然可以?！?．Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolwork____________getgoodgradesand__________agooduniversity.他們應(yīng)該將時(shí)間花在學(xué)業(yè)上，為的是取得好成績(jī)并考上好大學(xué)。3．Also，whentheygetolder，theywillhavetodohousework，so_________________forthem______________now.而且，當(dāng)他們長(zhǎng)大后，他們將必須做家務(wù)，所以他們現(xiàn)在沒(méi)必要做家務(wù)。4．Ithink____________isnotsodifficult.I_________________them.我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不是很難，我并不介意做家務(wù)。5．Ifoundmysister__________________mythingsyesterday.昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹在翻閱我的東西。,Couldyouplease,sure,inorderto,getinto,thereisnoneed,todoit,doingchores,dontminddoing,lookingthrough,6．Insteadhewatches___________________untillateatnight.相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。7．___________kidslearntobeindependent，___________itisfortheirfuture.孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，對(duì)他們的未來(lái)就越好。8．_______________________thesefeelingswithyourfamily？你為何不與你的家人談?wù)勥@些感受呢？9．People_____________theirkidssohard.人們不該把自己的孩子逼得太緊。10．Theyarealways___________them_________otherchildren.他們總是把他們(自己的孩子)和其他孩子做比較。,whateverhewants,Theearlier,thebetter,Whydontyoutalkabout,shouldntpush,comparing,with,11．Imstill_______________her.我還是生她的氣。12．Althoughsheswrong，itsnota_____________．盡管她錯(cuò)了，但這并不是什么大不了的事。13．Hopethings_____________．希望事情會(huì)好起來(lái)。14．MaybeIcould______________afewoftheiractivities，butIbelievetheseactivitiesareimportantformychildrensfuture.或許我可以舍棄(放棄)他們的幾個(gè)活動(dòng)，但是我相信這些活動(dòng)對(duì)我孩子們的未來(lái)是重要的。15．Doctorssay_____________pressureisnt__________achildsdevelopment.醫(yī)生們說(shuō)太多的壓力不利于一個(gè)孩子的發(fā)展。,angrywith,bigdeal,workout,cutout,toomuch,goodfor,※提出禮貌的請(qǐng)求和請(qǐng)求允許(Makepoliterequestsandaskforpermission)1．—Peter，couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?—Sure/Certainly/Ofcourse/Yes，Mom.2．—CouldIuseyourcomputer?—Sorry./Sorry，youcant.Imgoingtoworkonitnow.※談?wù)搯?wèn)題(talkaboutproblems)—Youlooktired.Whatsthematter/Whatswrong?—IstudieduntilmidnightsoIdidntgetenoughsleep.,※給出建議(Giveadvice)1．—WhatshouldIdo?—Whydontyouforgetaboutit?Althoughsheswrong，itsnotabigdeal.2．—Whatshouldhedo?—Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhessorry.3．—Maybeyoucouldgotohishouse.—IguessIcould，butIdontwanttosurprisehim.,1．could表禮貌請(qǐng)求和允許(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P187)2．連詞(until，sothat和although)(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P177),1．—Youlookunhappy，John.____?—Well，Ifoundmymotherlookingthroughmymobilephoneyesterday.(2015，山西29題)A．YouwanttorestB．WhatswrongC．Howdoyoudo2．—_____?—Sorry.ThereisnoonenamedGary.Youmusthavethewrongnumber.(2014，山西28題)A．CanIhelpyouB．WhatsthematterC．IsthatGaryspeaking,B,C,3．AstudentinFudanUniversitywaskilledbyhisroommatejustbecauseofsmallthingsindailylife.Itisimportantforstudentstolearnhowto______eachother.(2013，山西18題)A．getonwithB．comeovertoC．stayawayfrom4．Nobodybelievesa90yearoldcouldrunamarathon____shepassedthefinishingline.Peopleofallagescanchallengethemselves.(2012，山西22題)A．ifB．sinceC．until,A,C,?compare【典例在線】Ifyoucomparethetwobooks，youwillfindthatthisoneisbetter.如果你比較一下這兩本書(shū)，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這一本更好。Compareyouranswerswiththose，youwillseeiftheyareright.把你的答案與那些對(duì)照一下，你就會(huì)知道它們是否正確。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亞把世界比作一個(gè)舞臺(tái)?！就卣咕觥縞ompare作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“比較”，compare...with...“把……與……作比較”，常用于同類(lèi)比較。而compare...to...“把……比作……”，常用于異類(lèi)比較、比喻。,【活學(xué)活用】1)Teachersareoften_____burningcandles.A．comparedtoB．comparedwithC．comparedfrom,A,?inorderto【典例在線】Inordertogetacompletepicture，furtherinformationisneeded.為了掌握全面情況，還需要詳細(xì)資料。【拓展精析】inorderto意為“目的是；為了”，比單純的todo更強(qiáng)調(diào)“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式為inordernottodo。【活學(xué)活用】2)ManypeoplegivemoneytoProjectHope______helpthepoorchildrentogotoschool.A．a(chǎn)ssoonasB．sothatC．inorderto,C,?while【典例在線】Iwastakingabathwhilemymotherwaspreparingdinner.我媽媽準(zhǔn)備晚餐的時(shí)候，我正在洗澡。TomwaswatchingTVwhile(hewas)eating.湯姆邊吃東西邊看電視。【拓展精析】while作從屬連詞，意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；在……期間”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的過(guò)程中發(fā)生，或者主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且持續(xù)時(shí)間一般較長(zhǎng)。當(dāng)while所引導(dǎo)的從句與主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且該從句的動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以省略。,【活學(xué)活用】3)________thechildrenhavefun，parentscantakedancinglessonsonthebeach.A．ThoughB．IfC．WhileD．Once4)BobtookaphotoofhisgirlfriendwhilesheBattheparty.(2015，資陽(yáng))A．dancesB．wasdancingC．hasdancedD．isdancing,C,?mind【典例在線】DoyoumindifIopenthewindow？如果我打開(kāi)窗戶，你會(huì)介意嗎？—Wouldyoumindparkingyourcarthere？你介意把車(chē)停到那邊嗎？—Notatall.不介意?！就卣咕觥縨ind動(dòng)詞，意為“介意；在乎”，后常接從句或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。Wouldyoumind...？是交際用語(yǔ)中表示“請(qǐng)求”的常用句型，意為“你介意……嗎？”其肯定回答(即不介意對(duì)方做某事)常用：Notatall./Certainlynot./Ofcoursenot.等。否定回答(即介意對(duì)方做某事)常用：Imsorry，but.../Imafraidyoucant./Yes，youdbetternot.等。,【活學(xué)活用】5)—Itstoocoldtoday.Wouldyoumind_____thewindow？(2015，安順)—Certainlynot.Goahead.A．tocloseB．closingC．close6)—Wouldyoumindworkinginthecountryside?—A.Iwillbegladtoworkthere.(2015，重慶)A．OfcoursenotB．ImafraidsoC．Youdbetternot,B,?allow【典例在線】Whoallowedyoutoleavethecamp？誰(shuí)允許你離開(kāi)營(yíng)地的？Theyallowedsmokinginthisroomonly.他們只允許在這個(gè)房間里抽煙。Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.這里不允許吸煙?！就卣咕觥縜llow動(dòng)詞，意為“允許；準(zhǔn)許”。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事,【活學(xué)活用】7)Myparentsdidntallowme_____totheparty.(2015，天津)A．goB．togoC．goesD．went8)Inourschool，boysarenot_________(allow)tohavelonghair.,B,allowed,?assoonas【典例在線】Thebabybegantocryassoonasshesawhermother.那個(gè)嬰兒一看見(jiàn)她媽媽就開(kāi)始哭。Wellgotoplaybasketballassoonastherainstopstomorrow.明天雨一停我們就出去打籃球。【拓展精析】assoonas意為“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。在使用時(shí)，要注意主、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。當(dāng)主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用對(duì)應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)。,【活學(xué)活用】9)—WouldyoupleasegivethisnewlypublishednoveltoJack？(2015，泰安)—Certainly，_______hecomesback.A．beforeB．a(chǎn)ssoonasC．untilD．unless,B,?Foroneweek，shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI．有一個(gè)星期，她沒(méi)做任何家務(wù)，我也沒(méi)做?！镜淅诰€】Shedoesntliketea.NeitherdoI．她不喜歡茶，我也不喜歡。Shecannotswimandneithercanhersister.她不會(huì)游泳，她的妹妹也不會(huì)。—Theywillplaysoccertomorrow.他們明天去踢足球。—Sowillwe.我們也去?！猄heknowslittleEnglish.她英語(yǔ)懂得不多?！猄oshedoes.她的確如此。,【拓展精析】neither作副詞，意為“也不”。NeitherdidI．是一個(gè)倒裝句。“neither＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”，表示前面敘述的否定情況也適合另一個(gè)人或物?！癝o＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示與上述的肯定情況相同?！癝o＋主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，即對(duì)前面所說(shuō)的情況加以肯定?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)—Ithinkyouaredifferentnow.(2016，攀枝花)—Ofcourse，timeshavechangedand______．A．sohaveIB．soIhaveC．neitherhaveID．neitherIhave,A,?Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent，thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，對(duì)他們的未來(lái)就越好?！镜淅诰€】Themoreyoueat，thefatteryouwillbe.吃得越多，你就越胖。Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我們的國(guó)家正變得越來(lái)越美麗?！就卣咕觥俊皌he＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”意思是“越……，就越……”?！氨容^級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”意思是“越來(lái)越……”。,【活學(xué)活用】2)—“FoodSafety”problemisbecoming_____thesedays.—Ithinkso.Thegovernmentmustdosomethingtodealwithit.(2016，濱州)A．smallerandsmallerB．worseandworseC．betterandbetterD．nicerandnicer3)—Royneverlikesjunkfood.—NeitherdoI．ThatsprobablywhyImbecoming_____now.(2016，達(dá)州)A．healthyandweakB．healthierandhealthierC．weakerandweakerD．moreandmorehealthily,B,B,?Whydontyoutalktoyourparents？你為什么不和你的父母談?wù)勀?？【典例在線】Whydontyoubuyasuitforyourhusband？你為什么不給你丈夫買(mǎi)一套西服呢？WhynotlearnsomeChinesepopsongs？為什么不學(xué)一些中國(guó)的流行歌曲呢？What/Howaboutgoingforawalk？去散步怎么樣？,【拓展精析】Whydontyoudosth.？＝Whynotdosth.？是提建議的一種表達(dá)方式。類(lèi)似的表達(dá)方式還有：What/Howaboutdoingsth.?Shallwedosth.?Letsdosth..Youdbetterdosth..其肯定答語(yǔ)為“Goodidea！/OK./Wonderful！/Great！/Soundsgood！”等；其否定答語(yǔ)為“Sorry，but...”等。,【活學(xué)活用】4)—Itssohottoday.Why_______goswimming?—Soundsgreat!A．notB．dontC．doyouD．notyou5)—Look！Itsrainingheavily！______takearaincoatwithyou?—Well，Illtakeonerightnow.(2014，阜康)A．WhynotB．WhydontC．WouldyoumindD．Wouldyoulike6)—ItsagoodchancetogotoShanghai._______yougiveitup?—Well，Illcatchit.A．WhydontB．WhynotC．WouldyoulikeD．Wouldyoumind,A,A,A,?borrow，lend與keep【典例在線】IborrowedabookfromJackyesterday.昨天我從杰克那里借了一本書(shū)。Jacklentmeabookyesterday./Jacklentabooktomeyesterday.昨天杰克借給我一本書(shū)。HowlongcanIkeepthebook？這本書(shū)我可以借用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？,【拓展精析】borrow指“借入”或“借他人的東西供自己使用”。固定短語(yǔ)borrowsth.fromsb.意為“向某人借某物”。lend指“(把自己的東西)借出”。固定短語(yǔ)lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.意為“借給某人某物”。keep意為“保存；保留”，可引申為“借用”，此時(shí)常與一段時(shí)間或howlong等連用。,【活學(xué)活用】1)—Jim，canI__________yourcar?—Sorry，I__________ittoStevenjustnow.—Howlongwillhe_________it?—Twodays.2)Tobuyhouse，he_____muchmoneyfromhisrelativesandfriends.A．keptB．boughtC．borrowed,borrow,lent,keep,C,?provide與offer【典例在線】Theyprovidedthechildrenwithgoodfoodandclothing.他們給孩子們提供了健康的食物和優(yōu)質(zhì)的衣服。Themanageroffersajobtomeinhiscompany.那個(gè)經(jīng)理在他的公司里給我提供了一份工作。,【拓展精析】,①,②,【活學(xué)活用】3)Thatcompany____________(提供)uswith3，000dollarsin2015.4)Parentsoften_____theirchildrensomegoodadvice.(2014，蘭州)A．offer；withB．offer；/C．provide；withD．bothBandC,provided,D,?instead，insteadof與ratherthan【典例在線】LastsummerIwenttoQingdao.ThissummerImgoingtoDalianinstead.去年夏天我去了青島。今年夏天我將改去大連。Weshoulddosomethinginsteadofjusttalkingaboutit.＝Weshoulddosomethingratherthanjusttalkaboutit.我們不應(yīng)該只是談?wù)摚鴳?yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么?！就卣咕觥縤nstead作副詞，意為“代替；而不是”，常位于句首或句末。insteadof和ratherthan都可以表示“而不是”，常位于句中，兩者都可接名詞、代詞等作賓語(yǔ)。其后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，insteadof后接v.ing而ratherthan后常接動(dòng)詞原形。,【活學(xué)活用】5)Ifyourebusy，youmaycomeanotherday__________．6)Hewouldplaycomputergames______________dohishomework.7)Youshouldtryyourbesttofinishit______________givingup.,instead,ratherthan,insteadof,