中考英語 第一輪 課本知識聚焦 第11講 八下 Units 3-4課件.ppt
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第11講八年級(下)Units3~4,山西專用,1.cloud(n.)→(adj.)多云的2.fold(v.)→(反義詞)(使)展開;打開3.sweep(v.)→(過去式/過去分詞)掃;打掃4.throw(v.)→(過去式)→(過去分詞)扔;擲5.lend(v.)→(過去式/過去分詞)供給;借出→(反義詞)借;借用6.develop(v.)→(n.)發(fā)展;發(fā)育;成長→(adj.)發(fā)展中的→(adj.)發(fā)達的7.drop(v.)→(過去式/過去分詞)落下;掉下8.communicate(v.)→__________________(n.)交流;溝通9.a(chǎn)rgue(v.)→(n.)爭論;爭吵,cloudy,unfold,swept,threw,thrown,lent,borrow,development,developing,developed,dropped,communication,argument,10.explain(v.)→(過去式/過去分詞)解釋;說明→(n.)解釋;說明11.compare→(n.)比較;對照12.fair(adj.)→(n.)公正性;公平性→(反義詞)不公平的;不公正的13.ill(adj.)→(n.)疾??;病14.proper(adj.)→(adv.)正確地;適當?shù)?5.clear(adj.)→(adv.)清楚地;清晰地;明白地16.typical(adj.)→(adv.)典型地17.usual(adj.)→(反義詞)不尋常的;與眾不同的→(adv.)通常地;一般地18.two(num.)→(adv.)第二;其次,explained,explanation,comparison,fairness,unfair,illness,properly,clearly,typically,unusual,usually,second,1.倒垃圾____________________2.頻繁,反復__________________3.一……就……,盡快______________4.目的是,為了_____________5.依靠,依賴______________6.照顧,處理_______________7.快速查看,瀏覽______________8.重要的事____________,takeouttherubbish,againandagain,assoonas,inorderto,dependon,takecareof,lookthrough,bigdeal,9.成功地發(fā)展,解決_____________10.和睦相處,關系良好___________11.刪除,刪去_______________12.比較,對比________________13.依……看________________14.吃驚地,驚訝地______________15.過來,順便拜訪_____________,workout,getonwith,cutout,compare...with,inonesopinion,insurprise,comeover,1.—_________________sweepthefloor?“你能掃一下地板嗎?”—Yes,_______.“好的,當然可以?!?.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolwork____________getgoodgradesand__________agooduniversity.他們應該將時間花在學業(yè)上,為的是取得好成績并考上好大學。3.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousework,so_________________forthem______________now.而且,當他們長大后,他們將必須做家務,所以他們現(xiàn)在沒必要做家務。4.Ithink____________isnotsodifficult.I_________________them.我認為做家務并不是很難,我并不介意做家務。5.Ifoundmysister__________________mythingsyesterday.昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹在翻閱我的東西。,Couldyouplease,sure,inorderto,getinto,thereisnoneed,todoit,doingchores,dontminddoing,lookingthrough,6.Insteadhewatches___________________untillateatnight.相反,他想看什么就看什么,一直看到深夜。7.___________kidslearntobeindependent,___________itisfortheirfuture.孩子們越早學會獨立,對他們的未來就越好。8._______________________thesefeelingswithyourfamily?你為何不與你的家人談談這些感受呢?9.People_____________theirkidssohard.人們不該把自己的孩子逼得太緊。10.Theyarealways___________them_________otherchildren.他們總是把他們(自己的孩子)和其他孩子做比較。,whateverhewants,Theearlier,thebetter,Whydontyoutalkabout,shouldntpush,comparing,with,11.Imstill_______________her.我還是生她的氣。12.Althoughsheswrong,itsnota_____________.盡管她錯了,但這并不是什么大不了的事。13.Hopethings_____________.希望事情會好起來。14.MaybeIcould______________afewoftheiractivities,butIbelievetheseactivitiesareimportantformychildrensfuture.或許我可以舍棄(放棄)他們的幾個活動,但是我相信這些活動對我孩子們的未來是重要的。15.Doctorssay_____________pressureisnt__________achildsdevelopment.醫(yī)生們說太多的壓力不利于一個孩子的發(fā)展。,angrywith,bigdeal,workout,cutout,toomuch,goodfor,※提出禮貌的請求和請求允許(Makepoliterequestsandaskforpermission)1.—Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?—Sure/Certainly/Ofcourse/Yes,Mom.2.—CouldIuseyourcomputer?—Sorry./Sorry,youcant.Imgoingtoworkonitnow.※談論問題(talkaboutproblems)—Youlooktired.Whatsthematter/Whatswrong?—IstudieduntilmidnightsoIdidntgetenoughsleep.,※給出建議(Giveadvice)1.—WhatshouldIdo?—Whydontyouforgetaboutit?Althoughsheswrong,itsnotabigdeal.2.—Whatshouldhedo?—Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhessorry.3.—Maybeyoucouldgotohishouse.—IguessIcould,butIdontwanttosurprisehim.,1.could表禮貌請求和允許(見本書P187)2.連詞(until,sothat和although)(見本書P177),1.—Youlookunhappy,John.____?—Well,Ifoundmymotherlookingthroughmymobilephoneyesterday.(2015,山西29題)A.YouwanttorestB.WhatswrongC.Howdoyoudo2.—_____?—Sorry.ThereisnoonenamedGary.Youmusthavethewrongnumber.(2014,山西28題)A.CanIhelpyouB.WhatsthematterC.IsthatGaryspeaking,B,C,3.AstudentinFudanUniversitywaskilledbyhisroommatejustbecauseofsmallthingsindailylife.Itisimportantforstudentstolearnhowto______eachother.(2013,山西18題)A.getonwithB.comeovertoC.stayawayfrom4.Nobodybelievesa90yearoldcouldrunamarathon____shepassedthefinishingline.Peopleofallagescanchallengethemselves.(2012,山西22題)A.ifB.sinceC.until,A,C,?compare【典例在線】Ifyoucomparethetwobooks,youwillfindthatthisoneisbetter.如果你比較一下這兩本書,就會發(fā)現(xiàn)這一本更好。Compareyouranswerswiththose,youwillseeiftheyareright.把你的答案與那些對照一下,你就會知道它們是否正確。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亞把世界比作一個舞臺?!就卣咕觥縞ompare作及物動詞,意為“比較”,compare...with...“把……與……作比較”,常用于同類比較。而compare...to...“把……比作……”,常用于異類比較、比喻。,【活學活用】1)Teachersareoften_____burningcandles.A.comparedtoB.comparedwithC.comparedfrom,A,?inorderto【典例在線】Inordertogetacompletepicture,furtherinformationisneeded.為了掌握全面情況,還需要詳細資料。【拓展精析】inorderto意為“目的是;為了”,比單純的todo更強調(diào)“目的”,可以放在句首,也可以放在句中。其否定形式為inordernottodo。【活學活用】2)ManypeoplegivemoneytoProjectHope______helpthepoorchildrentogotoschool.A.a(chǎn)ssoonasB.sothatC.inorderto,C,?while【典例在線】Iwastakingabathwhilemymotherwaspreparingdinner.我媽媽準備晚餐的時候,我正在洗澡。TomwaswatchingTVwhile(hewas)eating.湯姆邊吃東西邊看電視?!就卣咕觥縲hile作從屬連詞,意為“當……的時候;在……期間”,引導時間狀語從句,其謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞。它強調(diào)主句的動作在從句動作的過程中發(fā)生,或者主句的動作與從句的動作同時發(fā)生,且持續(xù)時間一般較長。當while所引導的從句與主句的主語相同,且該從句的動詞為be動詞時,從句的主語和be動詞有時可以省略。,【活學活用】3)________thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancinglessonsonthebeach.A.ThoughB.IfC.WhileD.Once4)BobtookaphotoofhisgirlfriendwhilesheBattheparty.(2015,資陽)A.dancesB.wasdancingC.hasdancedD.isdancing,C,?mind【典例在線】DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?如果我打開窗戶,你會介意嗎?—Wouldyoumindparkingyourcarthere?你介意把車停到那邊嗎?—Notatall.不介意?!就卣咕觥縨ind動詞,意為“介意;在乎”,后常接從句或動名詞作賓語,不能接動詞不定式。Wouldyoumind...?是交際用語中表示“請求”的常用句型,意為“你介意……嗎?”其肯定回答(即不介意對方做某事)常用:Notatall./Certainlynot./Ofcoursenot.等。否定回答(即介意對方做某事)常用:Imsorry,but.../Imafraidyoucant./Yes,youdbetternot.等。,【活學活用】5)—Itstoocoldtoday.Wouldyoumind_____thewindow?(2015,安順)—Certainlynot.Goahead.A.tocloseB.closingC.close6)—Wouldyoumindworkinginthecountryside?—A.Iwillbegladtoworkthere.(2015,重慶)A.OfcoursenotB.ImafraidsoC.Youdbetternot,B,?allow【典例在線】Whoallowedyoutoleavethecamp?誰允許你離開營地的?Theyallowedsmokinginthisroomonly.他們只允許在這個房間里抽煙。Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.這里不允許吸煙?!就卣咕觥縜llow動詞,意為“允許;準許”。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事,【活學活用】7)Myparentsdidntallowme_____totheparty.(2015,天津)A.goB.togoC.goesD.went8)Inourschool,boysarenot_________(allow)tohavelonghair.,B,allowed,?assoonas【典例在線】Thebabybegantocryassoonasshesawhermother.那個嬰兒一看見她媽媽就開始哭。Wellgotoplaybasketballassoonastherainstopstomorrow.明天雨一停我們就出去打籃球?!就卣咕觥縜ssoonas意為“一……就……”,引導時間狀語從句。在使用時,要注意主、從句時態(tài)一致。當主句是一般將來時或過去時時,從句應使用對應的一般現(xiàn)在時或過去時。,【活學活用】9)—WouldyoupleasegivethisnewlypublishednoveltoJack?(2015,泰安)—Certainly,_______hecomesback.A.beforeB.a(chǎn)ssoonasC.untilD.unless,B,?Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.有一個星期,她沒做任何家務,我也沒做。【典例在線】Shedoesntliketea.NeitherdoI.她不喜歡茶,我也不喜歡。Shecannotswimandneithercanhersister.她不會游泳,她的妹妹也不會?!猅heywillplaysoccertomorrow.他們明天去踢足球?!猄owillwe.我們也去?!猄heknowslittleEnglish.她英語懂得不多?!猄oshedoes.她的確如此。,【拓展精析】neither作副詞,意為“也不”。NeitherdidI.是一個倒裝句?!皀either+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞+主語”,表示前面敘述的否定情況也適合另一個人或物?!癝o+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞+主語”表示與上述的肯定情況相同。“So+主語+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞”表示強調(diào),即對前面所說的情況加以肯定。【活學活用】1)—Ithinkyouaredifferentnow.(2016,攀枝花)—Ofcourse,timeshavechangedand______.A.sohaveIB.soIhaveC.neitherhaveID.neitherIhave,A,?Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們越早學會獨立,對他們的未來就越好?!镜淅诰€】Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.吃得越多,你就越胖。Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我們的國家正變得越來越美麗。【拓展精析】“the+比較級,the+比較級”意思是“越……,就越……”?!氨容^級+and+比較級”意思是“越來越……”。,【活學活用】2)—“FoodSafety”problemisbecoming_____thesedays.—Ithinkso.Thegovernmentmustdosomethingtodealwithit.(2016,濱州)A.smallerandsmallerB.worseandworseC.betterandbetterD.nicerandnicer3)—Royneverlikesjunkfood.—NeitherdoI.ThatsprobablywhyImbecoming_____now.(2016,達州)A.healthyandweakB.healthierandhealthierC.weakerandweakerD.moreandmorehealthily,B,B,?Whydontyoutalktoyourparents?你為什么不和你的父母談談呢?【典例在線】Whydontyoubuyasuitforyourhusband?你為什么不給你丈夫買一套西服呢?WhynotlearnsomeChinesepopsongs?為什么不學一些中國的流行歌曲呢?What/Howaboutgoingforawalk?去散步怎么樣?,【拓展精析】Whydontyoudosth.?=Whynotdosth.?是提建議的一種表達方式。類似的表達方式還有:What/Howaboutdoingsth.?Shallwedosth.?Letsdosth..Youdbetterdosth..其肯定答語為“Goodidea!/OK./Wonderful!/Great!/Soundsgood!”等;其否定答語為“Sorry,but...”等。,【活學活用】4)—Itssohottoday.Why_______goswimming?—Soundsgreat!A.notB.dontC.doyouD.notyou5)—Look!Itsrainingheavily!______takearaincoatwithyou?—Well,Illtakeonerightnow.(2014,阜康)A.WhynotB.WhydontC.WouldyoumindD.Wouldyoulike6)—ItsagoodchancetogotoShanghai._______yougiveitup?—Well,Illcatchit.A.WhydontB.WhynotC.WouldyoulikeD.Wouldyoumind,A,A,A,?borrow,lend與keep【典例在線】IborrowedabookfromJackyesterday.昨天我從杰克那里借了一本書。Jacklentmeabookyesterday./Jacklentabooktomeyesterday.昨天杰克借給我一本書。HowlongcanIkeepthebook?這本書我可以借用多長時間?,【拓展精析】borrow指“借入”或“借他人的東西供自己使用”。固定短語borrowsth.fromsb.意為“向某人借某物”。lend指“(把自己的東西)借出”。固定短語lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.意為“借給某人某物”。keep意為“保存;保留”,可引申為“借用”,此時常與一段時間或howlong等連用。,【活學活用】1)—Jim,canI__________yourcar?—Sorry,I__________ittoStevenjustnow.—Howlongwillhe_________it?—Twodays.2)Tobuyhouse,he_____muchmoneyfromhisrelativesandfriends.A.keptB.boughtC.borrowed,borrow,lent,keep,C,?provide與offer【典例在線】Theyprovidedthechildrenwithgoodfoodandclothing.他們給孩子們提供了健康的食物和優(yōu)質(zhì)的衣服。Themanageroffersajobtomeinhiscompany.那個經(jīng)理在他的公司里給我提供了一份工作。,【拓展精析】,①,②,【活學活用】3)Thatcompany____________(提供)uswith3,000dollarsin2015.4)Parentsoften_____theirchildrensomegoodadvice.(2014,蘭州)A.offer;withB.offer;/C.provide;withD.bothBandC,provided,D,?instead,insteadof與ratherthan【典例在線】LastsummerIwenttoQingdao.ThissummerImgoingtoDalianinstead.去年夏天我去了青島。今年夏天我將改去大連。Weshoulddosomethinginsteadofjusttalkingaboutit.=Weshoulddosomethingratherthanjusttalkaboutit.我們不應該只是談論,而應該做點什么?!就卣咕觥縤nstead作副詞,意為“代替;而不是”,常位于句首或句末。insteadof和ratherthan都可以表示“而不是”,常位于句中,兩者都可接名詞、代詞等作賓語。其后接動詞時,insteadof后接v.ing而ratherthan后常接動詞原形。,【活學活用】5)Ifyourebusy,youmaycomeanotherday__________.6)Hewouldplaycomputergames______________dohishomework.7)Youshouldtryyourbesttofinishit______________givingup.,instead,ratherthan,insteadof,- 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