2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪選練編題 Unit 1 A land of diversity（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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Unit 1 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修8　Unit 1) 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 The best way to deal with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first place.Knowing the rules of the game you’re playing and using the right 1.(equip) can go a long way toward preventing injuries.If you think you’ve been injured,pull 2.　　　　　　(you) out of the game or stop 3.(do) your activity or workout.Let a coach or parent know what happened in case you need to see a doctor.Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to athletes 4.play contact sports like football.Keep the injured person still with his or her head 5.(hold) straight while someone calls for emergency 6.(medicine) help.If the person 7.(lie) on the ground,do not try to move him or her. Your first question after a sports injury will 8.(probable) be,“When can I play again?”This depends on the injury and what your doctor tells you.Even if you can’t return to your sport right away,a doctor might have suggestions and advice 9. what you can do to stay fit.Always check with your doctor 10. trying any activity following an injury. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,講述了在運(yùn)動(dòng)中受傷以后應(yīng)該怎么辦。要停止運(yùn)動(dòng),看是否需要就醫(yī)或急救,并且遵循醫(yī)生的建議。 1.equipment　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處指合適的器材,equipment表示“設(shè)備,器材”,是不可數(shù)名詞。 2.yourself　考查代詞。這是一個(gè)祈使句,由前面的you可知,該處用yourself。 3.doing　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由you’ve been injured可知,受傷了就要停止活動(dòng),stop doing sth.“停止做某事”,故用doing。 4.who/that　考查定語(yǔ)從句。空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為athletes,指人,故用who或that。 5.held　考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)詞hold與his or her head是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 6.medical　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是形容詞修飾名詞help,故用medical。 7.lies/is lying　考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處表示“如果這個(gè)人躺在/正躺在地上”,故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 8.probably　考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這里應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。 9.about/on　考查介詞。分析句意可知,這里指的是“做什么來(lái)保持健康的建議”,故用about/on表示“關(guān)于”。 10.before　考查介詞。分析句意可知,在嘗試任何活動(dòng)之前先咨詢一下醫(yī)生,故用before。 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A In the fifteenth century Italy had no single ruler.Instead it was a collection of independent states,known as “city states” because each one was run by a central city such as Florence.Some were small;some were large.Most states had their own government,laws and money.During the Middle Ages,five city states became very rich and powerful.For example,Venice became rich from its trade with the Far East,the Mediterranean and the rest of Europe.Banks in Florence lent money to businesses and governments all over Europe. There was great petition between the city states—which led to regular wars—and between the families which ruled them.The city states also peted with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings. Let’s look in detail at one city—Florence.In 1400 Florence was one of the largest cities in Italy.It was the centre of a rich trade in wool and cloth.One-third of the workers in Florence worked in the wool trade. The most powerful family in Florence was the Medici family,who had made their money through banking.The most famous member of the family was Lorenzo de’ Medici who ruled the city between 1469 and 1492. The other powerful people who had influence in Florence were the members of the guilds (行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)).Craftsmen such as carpenters each had their own guild.If you were a member of a guild and over 25 years old then you could be involved in governing the city. The rulers of Florence wanted their city to be impressive and famous.The Medici collected books and built a huge library to house them.They spent money on renovating (修復(fù)) old buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it.Some of the best and most famous artists were brought to work in Florence. 1.What do we know about the city states? A.They ruled themselves. B.They were made up of five cities. C.They didn’t trade with each other. D.They disappeared during the Middle Ages. 2.The relationship between the city states can be described as 　　　. A.strong　　　　　　B.inflexible C.unfriendly D.cooperative 3.According to the text,the Medici family 　　　. A.created their own guild B.contributed a lot to Florence C.was the single ruler of Florence D.became rich through doing woodwork 4.Why did some artists go to Florence? A.Because there was great demand for art in Florence. B.Because there were many famous artists in Florence. C.Because Florence was well-known for its art trade. D.Because other cities had no interest in art. B (2016廣東五校協(xié)作體第一次聯(lián)考) Wele to Adventureland! Everyone loves Adventureland!The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore,enjoy,and admire their wonders.Every visit will be an unforgettable experience.You will go away enriched,longing to e back.What are you going to do this time? The Travel Pavilion Explore places you have never been to before,and experience different ways of life.Visit the Amazon jungle village,the Turkish market,the Tai floating market,the Berber mountain house and others.Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives,and things they make.You can try making a carpet,making nets,fishing... The Future Tower This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives.It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then.Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模擬裝置)for the journey to Mars! The Nature Park This is not really one park but several.In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers:see lions,giraffes,elephants in the wild.Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales.And then there is still the Aviary to see... The Pyramid This is the center of Adventureland.Run out of films,need some postcards and stamps?For all these things and many more,visit our underground shopping center.e here for information and ideas too. 5.The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors 　　　. A.realize the importance of traveling B.bee familiar with mountain countries C.learn something about different places in the world D.learn how to make things such as fishing nets 6.If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life in the future will be like,you may visit 　　　. A.the Travel Pavilion B.the Future Tower C.the Safari Park D.the Pyramid 7.If you want to get a toy lion to take home,where will you most likely go? A.The Travel Pavilion.　B.The Nature Park. C.The Future Tower. D.The Pyramid. Unless action is taken immediately,there is a good chance that all the oceans of the world will be dead by the year 2020.How can this possibly happen? We have already seen that people allow all sorts of waste products to flow into the sea.It is almost impossible to measure how much waste water and industrial waste end up in our oceans,but we can find out how much oil is poured into them legally and illegally.It is illegal to pour oil into the sea close to the shore,but when a ship is many miles out to sea there are no such rules.Scientists have different ideas as to the amount of oil put into the sea,but the lowest figure for oil poured in European waters alone is nearly 200,000 tons every year.Some people say the figure could be ten times as high. It is not only our coasts that suffer from oil pollution.Among other things,many shell fish (creatures which live in water,and have a hard shell)—oysters and mussels,for example—now have high amounts of poisonous substances.Next time you have shell fish to eat,how can you be sure that they are free from oil pollution?You cannot see the effects and you cannot taste them,either.It is really quite a problem. 1.This passage is mainly about_____. A.pollution in the oceans B.the amounts of oil in the sea C.the amounts of poison in shell fish D.oil pollution in the waters 2.According to the passage,what is the main cause of oil pollution? A.Oil ships which meet and strike each other. B.Oil poured at sea when the oil tanks are cleaned out. C.Oil ing out of the bottom of the sea. D.Oil from waste water and industrial waste. 3.Which of the following is illegal? A.Pouring oil into the sea from land,especially when there is no other choice. B.Allowing waste materials to flow into the waters. C.Pouring oil at seaside. D.Going fishing when the water is polluted by oil. 參考答案： 1.D; 2.D; 3.C 解析： 本文說(shuō)明的是海水的污染問(wèn)題之一:向海中傾倒油所導(dǎo)致的污染。如果不立刻采取措施的話,在2020年之前所有的海洋就極有可能都變成死水一潭。 1.D 主旨大意題。本文說(shuō)明的是向海中傾倒油所導(dǎo)致的污染。 2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It is almost impossible to measure how much waste water and industrial waste end up in our oceans...”可知,這些油來(lái)自污水和工業(yè)廢物。 3.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It is illegal to pour oil into the sea close to the shore”可知選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.七選五閱讀 How to Love Your Mondays I used to spend the second half of Sunday dreading Monday morning.　1　 But now I am definitely in the “I Love Mondays” camp.Here’s what I’ve found that works: Start Monday morning with your Sunday night routine.When you get ready to exercise,you warm up first.　2　 Get everything you need for the morning ready to go.Then consider a special “Sunday Night Only” winding down ritual (固定方式).It might be tea and a favorite TV show,or a long hot bath.Whatever it is,enjoy this Monday morning warm-up,and consider turning in a little earlier than you’re used to. 　3　 Turning in a little early Sunday night can help with getting up a little early Monday morning.When you have a little extra time in the morning,you can gently settle into the day and keep that weekend feeling of ease as you start your new week. Find a theme for the week.Every Monday,I post an inspiring quote or saying on the wall.These are intentional!Each week,as part of my Sunday night winding down time,I consider what I’d like to focus on in the ing week,and look for a quote that’s a good fit to reinforce (加強(qiáng)) it.　4　 Look at the week’s tasks as opportunities instead of problems.What are you excited about for the new week?　5　 What’s been hanging over your head undone from last week?Take a look at the week ahead and highlight a few things that you can reasonably acplish. When you are intentionally creating a life you love,Mondays begin to feel like a beautiful new start! A.Get up early enough to start slowly. B.What a waste of a perfectly good evening! C.What problem-solving opportunities do you have? D.Consider Sunday nights your warm-up for Monday. E.Have them in clean,working order and a convenient location. F.It can be a word or whatever inspires you for the week ahead. G.The work is the same either way,but our attitudes are within our control. Ⅲ.書(shū)面表達(dá) (2016石家莊一模) 假定你是李華,計(jì)劃本周末和同學(xué)一起去河邊植樹(shù)。請(qǐng)給外教N(yùn)ancy寫(xiě)一封郵件,邀請(qǐng)她一同前往。內(nèi)容包括: 1.集合時(shí)間及地點(diǎn); 2.活動(dòng)安排及提醒; 3.午餐及返程時(shí)間。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 Dear Nancy, Yours, Li Hua 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修8　Unit 1) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章以佛羅倫薩為例介紹了15世紀(jì)時(shí)意大利的城邦。 1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的independent states及“Most states had their own government,laws and money.”可知,各個(gè)城邦相互獨(dú)立、各自為政。 2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的great petition,regular wars及“The city states also peted with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings.”可以看出,各個(gè)城邦互相敵視、充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。 3.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容不難看出,美第奇家族修建圖書(shū)館、大興土木,對(duì)佛羅倫薩的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。 4.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“They spent money on renovating old buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it...”可推測(cè),因?yàn)槊赖谄婕易宕笈d土木,所以需要大量藝術(shù)家對(duì)建筑物進(jìn)行裝飾。 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇旅游指南,主要介紹了Adventureland的幾處景點(diǎn)。 5.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Explore places you have never been to before,and experience different ways of life.”可知,The Travel Pavilion建立的目的是幫助參觀者了解世界上不同的地方。故選C項(xiàng)。 6.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives.It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then.”可知,如果你想了解未來(lái)人們的生活,可以參觀未來(lái)塔,故選B項(xiàng)。 7.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...need some postcards and stamps?For all these things and many more,visit our underground shopping center.”可知,想得到一個(gè)玩具獅子,你可能要到The Pyramid,那里有地下購(gòu)物中心,故選D項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章給出了四點(diǎn)建議幫助讀者愛(ài)上周一。 1.B　B項(xiàng)與上文的“I used to spend the second half of Sunday dreading Monday morning.”相呼應(yīng)。 2.D　D項(xiàng)與上文的“When you get ready to exercise,you warm up first.”相呼應(yīng),且下文的“Get everything you need for the morning ready to go...a long hot bath.”是對(duì)D項(xiàng)的具體說(shuō)明。 3.A　A項(xiàng)與下文的“can help with getting up a little early Monday morning”及“...gently settle into the day and keep that weekend feeling of ease as you start your new week.”相呼應(yīng)。 4.F　F項(xiàng)是對(duì)上文的an inspiring quote or saying的舉例說(shuō)明。 5.C　C項(xiàng)與本段小標(biāo)題“Look at the week’s tasks as opportunities instead of problems.”相呼應(yīng),且與空前和空后的句子是并列關(guān)系,舉例說(shuō)明如何積極看待未來(lái)一周的工作任務(wù)。 Ⅲ.Dear Nancy, My classmates and I are planning to plant trees by the river this weekend.We all hope you can join us.Here is the schedule. We are to meet at the school gate at 8 o’clock this Saturday morning.Since we’ll cycle there and work in the fields,you’d better wear casual clothes and fortable shoes.It would be so much better if you could bring some necessary tools.Besides,we’ll have a picnic after the work is done.Everyone is expected to bring their lunch and share it.We may return at around 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Would you like to join us?Hope to see you then. Yours, Li Hua