2020版高考英語一輪復習 Unit 22 Environmental Protection單元話題 語篇訓練（每單元3練）北師大版選修8.doc

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Unit 22 Environmental Protection 課時練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019名校原創(chuàng)預測卷四)Theres no better way to experience Santa Monica than on the beach.Learn to ride the waves on the Santa Monica Beach! Surf lessons with professional, expert instructors equal an unforgettable adventure in California. Highlights (最精彩的部分) Enjoy a day away from the noise of the city Close contact with friendly dolphins See native wildlife in their natural environment Informative, friendly and professional guide Perfect introductions for firsttime visitors All necessary equipment included Schedule Details You may schedule surf lesson times from 6 am to 6 pm every day all year round, with a duration of 1.5 hours.You will meet your instructors at Lifeguard Tower 28 on the Santa Monica Beach. Instructors are equipped to teach beginning, intermediate and advanced levels, and all children over 4 years of age are encouraged to participate.Your instructors also encourage siblings, friends, couples and families to attend together.Please contact the surf instructor after booking to confirm the specific lesson time. Price Child (Age 4－12) Youth (Age 13－17) Adult (Age 18－84) Price per person USD 105.00 USD 125.00 USD 155.00 Cancellation Policy If you cancel at least 7 days in advance of the scheduled departure, there is no cancellation fee. If you cancel between 3 and 6 days in advance of the scheduled departure, there is a 50 percent cancellation fee. If you cancel within 2 days of the scheduled departure, there is a 100 percent cancellation fee. 語篇解讀：本文為應用文，介紹了Santa Monica Beach沖浪課程的相關內容。 1．What can we learn about the surf lesson? A．It is designed for beginners. B．It needs reserving in advance. C．It inspires all children to participate. D．It charges extra money for equipment. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據Schedule Details部分中的“Please contact the surf instructor after booking to confirm the specific lesson time”可知，預訂課程之后，請聯系你的沖浪教練以確認具體的上課時間。由此可知，該沖浪課程是需要提前預訂的。故選B。 2．How much will the Smiths pay if they want to learn to surf with their 4yearold daughter? A．＄385.　　　　　　　 　 B．＄405. C．＄415. D．＄435. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據Price部分可知，成年人的票價是155美元，4－12歲的孩子的票價是105美元，因此史密斯夫婦和他們4歲大的女兒共同參加沖浪課程的總費用為155＋155＋105＝415(美元)。故選C。 3．Whats the purpose of this passage? A．To attract people to Santa Monica Beach. B．To introduce Santa Monica Beach surf lessons. C．To review an unforgettable adventure. D．To give people guidance on surfing. 解析：選B　寫作意圖題?？v觀全文尤其是第一段中的“Learn to ride the waves on the Santa Monica Beach! Surf lessons with professional, expert instructors equal an unforgettable adventure in California”可知，本文主要介紹了Santa Monica Beach沖浪課程的內容、時間安排、詳細價格等，故B項最能概括作者寫作本文的意圖。 B (2019名校原創(chuàng)預測卷一)Famous tennis coach Nick Bollettieri considered tennis star Roger Federer the greatest player of all time, saying he is “in a class of his own”. The Swiss maestro (大師) won his record eighth Wimbledon title this month, defeating Croatian Marin Cilic in the final, and going to the entire tournament without dropping a single set. The 36yearold now has 19 Grand Slam titles, the most in history for a male tennis player. Bollettieri, who has coached some of the most successful tennis players ever including Andre Agassi and Jim Courier, believes Federer stands out from the rest due to all the efforts he makes on and off the court. “When you get to know the greatest player of all time, I believe you will join with many mentators in saying Roger is standing in a class of his own，” Bollettieri told Saturday Sport. “He is magnificent (出色的) in expecting what to do. He has improved his backhand and also he is hitting the ball much earlier, and he is one of, if not the best placement server in the game.” His management team headed by Tony Godsick takes care of his mind and body, time with his family, time with his foundation and time with rest. He also respects the game and his opponents (對手). Despite his impressive record, Federer has struggled against the other top players of this generation, including Rafael Nadal and Novak Djokovic. Along with Andy Murray, they are known as tennis “big four”， and Federer has a bined 50－57 record against the other three during his career. However, Bollettieri doesnt think that will have any impact on Federers greatness if he keeps on playing the way he is at his age. Bollettieri said, “Age is only a number. It is how you feel inside you. I believe a lot of people today can do a lot better if their mindset is to say I will get better every day and never use the word ‘retirement’. When you worry about losing, it is more difficult to win.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了著名網球運動員Roger Federer的成就及他在球場內外的努力。 4．What does Bollettieri mean by saying he is “in a class of his own”？ A．Roger is a tennis player second to none. B．Roger is a particular favorite of his. C．Roger is proud and prefers being alone. D．Roger has difficulty getting along with others. 解析：選A　句意理解題。根據第一段中的“Famous tennis coach Nick Bollettieri considered tennis star Roger Federer the greatest player of all time”以及下文Bollettieri對Roger的表現的肯定可推知，“in a class of his own”指的是Roger的水平在網球領域是一流的，也就是說Roger是個無與倫比的網球運動員。故選A。 5．What can we know about Roger from the passage? A．He is in full charge of his life and career. B．Hard work is a major factor in his success. C．Deep respect develops between him and Tony. D．His greatest achievement is made in his thirties. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Bollettieri ... believes Federer stands out from the rest due to all the efforts he makes on and off the court”可知，Bollettieri認為，Roger能比其他人優(yōu)秀，這都歸功于他在球場內外的努力，即刻苦努力是Roger成功的一個重要因素。故選B。 6．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Rogers increased age. B．Rogers positive attitude. C．Rogers impressive record. D．Rogers losing to other famous players. 解析：選D　代詞指代題。根據倒數第二段中的“Along with Andy Murray, they are known as tennis‘big four’， and Federer has a bined 50－57 record against the other three during his career”可知，Federer曾經在對戰(zhàn)另外三個著名運動員的大部分比賽中輸給了他們；再結合畫線詞所在句可推知，但是Bollettieri并不認為這會對Roger的偉大造成任何影響。由此可知，that指的應是這件事。故選D。 7．What does Bollettieri want to stress in the last paragraph? A．Failure is nothing to fear. B．Being positive is very important. C．Everyone needs to be strongwilled. D．Attitude is everything. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據最后一段的內容，尤其是“I believe a lot of people today can do a lot better if their mindset is to say I will get better every day and never use the word ‘retirement’. When you worry about losing, it is more difficult to win”可知，如果人們能保持積極的心態(tài)，那么他們可能會做得更好；如果你擔心自己會失敗，那么你就更難成功。由此可知，積極的心態(tài)是很重要的。故選B。 C (2019名校原創(chuàng)預測卷二)In the fight to conserve tropical rainforests, heres a tool you dont often hear about: orange peels. Specifically, 12,000 tons of them, dumped (傾倒) on the land. “You dont usually associate waste treatment with biodiversity benefits, something thats good for the environment.” Tim Treuer is an ecologist at Princeton University, and hes talking about a unique conservation story. It started in the early 1990s, when an orange juice producer called Del Oro set up a pany near the Guanacaste Conservation Area in Costa Rica, a region that contains several national parks and a wildlife protection zone. Del Oro needed somewhere to dump the orange peels, and the pany also owned forested land next to the parkland that it had no intention of growing crops on. So a deal was struck: if Del Oro donated its forested land, it could dump orange peel waste on degraded (退化的) land within the conservation area. Then a thousand dump trucks worth of orange peels were lying on the land in 1998. “And within about six months the orange peels had been turned from orange peels into this thick black rich soil.” “I couldnt even find the site the first time I saw it.” He couldnt find it because, over 16 years, the orange peel waste had sent the land on a journey to bee a vinechoked jungle, with three times the diversity of tree species of the neighboring control plot, richer soil and a much thicker covering. In other words, the experiment was a success. The results appear in the journal Restoration Ecology. Treuer says perhaps this lesson could be applied elsewhere. “Its a shame that we live in a world with nutrientlimited degraded ecosystems and also nutrientrich waste streams. Wed like to see those things e together a little bit. Thats not license for any agricultural pany to just start dumping their waste products on protected areas, but it does mean that land managers, people involved with industrialscale agricultural operations should start thinking about ways to do thoughtful experimentation to see if in their particular system they can have similar winwinwin results.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了倒在退化土地上的廢棄橘子皮竟成了保護熱帶雨林生物多樣性的工具。 8．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Waste treatment. B．A conservation story. C．An orange juice pany. D．The biodiversity benefit. 解析：選B　代詞指代題。根據第二段中的“Tim Treuer is an ecologist at Princeton University, and hes talking about a unique conservation story”可知，It指代的應是Tim Treuer要講的有關生態(tài)保護的故事。故選B。 9．What does the author say about orange peels? A．They are particularly hard to break down. B．They can change the color of the land soil. C．They are beneficial to biological diversity. D．They can gradually destroy the surface soil. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“You dont usually associate waste treatment with biodiversity benefits, something thats good for the environment”和第四段中的“with three times the diversity of tree species of the neighboring control plot, richer soil and a much thicker covering”可知，橘子皮對生物多樣性是有益的。故選C。 10．What do Treuers words in the last paragraph suggest? A．Waste can be used for environmental protection. B．No waste can be thrown randomly on the protected areas. C．Largescale agricultural operations start with experiments. D．Land managers must be ready to take on their responsibility. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Treuer所說的話，尤其是“Its a shame that we live in a world with nutrientlimited degraded ecosystems and also nutrientrich waste streams. Wed like to see those things e together a little bit”可知，Treuer認為，我們生活在一個營養(yǎng)受限的、退化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，同時卻有許多營養(yǎng)成分豐富的、泛濫成災的廢棄物，我們想看到這些東西能一點點地整合利用起來。再結合文章的主旨可知，Treuer認為我們可以利用廢棄物來保護環(huán)境。故選A。 11．What might be the best title for the passage? A．How to Deal with Orange Peels B．How to Improve the Degraded Land C．A Fruitful Experiment in Land Conservation D．Ways to Protect Tropical Forests Effectively 解析：選C　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了Del Oro的公司將廢棄的橘子皮倒在保護區(qū)內退化的土地上后產生的令人意想不到的結果：保護了該地區(qū)生物的多樣性，使得該地區(qū)土壤更加肥沃，植被更加茂密。故C項作本文標題最佳。 D (2019貴陽監(jiān)測)A new library in Tianjin — Tianjin Binhai Public Library — recently became an online hit. The Daily Mail described it as the “worlds ultimate (終極的) library”， while the word “breathtaking” was the choice of Newsweek magazine. One look at the library and youll see why. With its futuristic (未來派的) design and walls loaded with books, its the dream library of every book lover. But as the surprise continues, theres a burning question lying in the back of our minds: When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries safe from the wave of digitization (數字化)? And do we really still need libraries now that weve got the Internet in our hands? Reporter Ian Clark has the answer. “Libraries are not declining in importance — people are simply changing the way they use them，” he wrote on The Guardian website. What Clark means is that libraries have shifted from simply being storehouses of books to a medium to help “bridge the gap between the haves and the havenots”， according to website Libraries Are Essential. Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow to search the Internet correctly and efficiently, its public libraries that make sure that these resources and technologies are available to a larger group of people. “Nobody is trying to sell you anything in the library. There is no pressure to buy and there is no judgment of your choices，” Anne Goulding, a professor at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, wrote on the Newsroom website. “There are few other spaces that you can just ‘be’ in without somebody questioning your presence or your motivation.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要說明了在數字化時代，圖書館存在的原因。 12．What cause book lovers to like Tianjin Binhai Public Library? A．Breathtaking magazines. B．Worlds ultimate buildings. C．Design and book walls. D．Digitization. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“One look at the library and youll see why. With its futuristic (未來派的) design and walls loaded with books, its the dream library of every book lover”可知，讓圖書愛好者喜歡上天津濱海公共圖書館的是它的設計和書墻。 13．Where does the text most probably e from? A．A fiction. B．A tour guide. C．A newspaper. D．A book. 解析：選C　文章出處題。根據第一段中的“A new library in Tianjin — Tianjin Binhai Public Library — recently became an online hit. The Daily Mail described it as the ‘worlds ultimate (終極的) library’”可知，這篇文章可能出自報紙。 14．Why are physical libraries necessary to exist? A．Everyone has a phone with them. B．Some people are still used to the old ways. C．More and more people use puters. D．People can buy what they want there. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow ... are available to a larger group of people”可知，由于并不是每個人都能通過網絡獲取知識，所以一些人依然在使用老方法，即去圖書館獲取知識。 15．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Libraries living on in the digital age. B．Internet libraries nowadays. C．Physical libraries in the past. D．Peoples dream libraries. 解析：選A　主旨大意題。根據全文內容尤其是第二段中的“When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries ... now that weve got the Internet in our hands”可知，這篇文章的主旨是在數字化時代，圖書館仍將繼續(xù)存在。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019名校原創(chuàng)預測卷五)Snacking is a popular American pastime.When done correctly, it can be a good thing, helping you prevent overeating and keeping your blood sugar and energy level stable.But most snacks tend to be highly processed, low in nutrients and high in sugar.They can give you temporary energy, but very quickly youll feel hungry again.__16__ Put it on a plate. __17__ Weve all quickly eaten up a bag of chips after swearing wed just eat a handful or two.A couple of chips can quickly turn into more when you arent paying attention.Putting your snack on a plate will help you stick to one serving and paying attention to what youre eating will leave you feeling more satisfied. __18__ The best snack is one that provides carbohydrates, protein and fat.Carbs provide a source of energy, while fat and protein help to slow digestion, stabilize blood sugar levels and sustain that energy longer.This nutrient bination keeps cravings (渴望) at bay and ensures youll feel full and satisfied until your next meal. Eat regular meals. If youre unable to go more than an hour or two before reaching for a snack, its time to look at your meals.While its normal for some people to feel hungry between meals, your main meals should keep you full for at least two to three hours.__19__ All of these can help to slow down the process of digesting food. Be prepared. Keep nutritious foods on hand in case a meeting runs late or youre out and about between meals.__20__ Foods like dried beef, fresh fruit, nuts, cheese sticks and wholegrain biscuits all travel well. A．Make it balanced. B．Pay attention to your body. C．Follow these tips to snack responsibly. D．So you dont end up emptyhanded when you feel hungry. E．Before reaching for a snack, ask what youre really in the mood for. F．Eating food directly out of a bag or box encourages mindless eating. G．If you feel hungry sooner, make sure youre getting plenty of protein, fiber and fat. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幾個合理吃零食的方法。 16．解析：選C　根據空前提及的吃零食的優(yōu)勢和劣勢及下文介紹的具體的吃零食的方法可知，此處需要填一個起承上啟下作用的句子，故C項“遵循以下建議來負責任地吃零食”符合語境。 17．解析：選F　根據本段的小標題“Put it on a plate”及空后的“Weve all quickly eaten up a bag of chips after swearing wed just eat a handful or two ...Putting your snack on a plate will help you”可知，此處內容應是有關直接從袋子里吃零食的內容的，故F項“直接從袋子里或盒子里吃零食會助長盲目地吃(零食)”符合語境。 18．解析：選A　根據本段的內容可知，最好的零食是那些能提供碳水化合物、蛋白質和脂肪的零食，而且這些營養(yǎng)物質有不同的作用，它們之間的組合會阻止你對零食的渴望，讓你在下頓飯到來之前感到飽腹和滿足。由此可知，本段主要說明的是零食中的營養(yǎng)成分應保持均衡。故A項符合語境。 19．解析：選G　根據空前的內容及空后一句可知，空處內容應是有關你感到饑餓時應該如何做的，故G項“如果你很快就感覺餓了，要確保你攝入了足夠的蛋白質、纖維和脂肪”符合語境。G項中的“protein, fiber and fat”與空后的“these”的對應關系亦是提示。 20．解析：選D　根據本段的小標題“Be prepared”及空前一句可知，空處的內容與做好準備和在手邊準備有營養(yǎng)的食物有關。故D項“這樣，當你感覺饑餓時你就不是兩手空空的了”符合語境。 課時練(二)　語言知識運用組塊專練——練準度 (限時：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019昆明調研)Mrs. Hudson walked into the classroom with a girl limping (瘸著走) behind her. She introduced, “This is Margaret. She just moved here from Florida. Lets __1__ her.” The teacher guided her __2__ to a front seat, then bent over and __3__ something in her ear. Finishing explaining the math problems, Mrs. Hudson __4__， “Break time. See you in ten minutes.” Boys __5__ first. “Today, lets meet at the far end of the sidewalk. And make sure the new girl doesnt follow us！” I said. After a while, I came back to the __6__. I wanted to find out if Mrs. Hudson liked my book report. With her usual big smile, she began, “Jack, you are a good __7__.” Shifting my weight from one foot to the other, I was a little __8__ that Mrs. Hudson liked me so much. Her __9__ let me know how much she appreciated having me around. My teacher __10__ in her quiet voice. “Thats __11__ I am sure you will invite Margaret to play with you today.” Her __12__ words sounded like frozen knives aiming at my heart. Could she __13__ suspect what we had been saying about Margaret? Could she know how __14__ I was? Then I managed to __15__ Margaret in our group. While many school memories have __16__ over the years, the __17__ Mrs. Hudson taught me has stayed with me. Mrs. Hudson gently guided me, __18__ me to do the right thing. She believed in me, and __19__ what she did, I rose to the level of her __20__， both for Margaret long ago and even later in my choice of career. 語篇解讀：本文是學校生活類記敘文。Hudson夫人是作者的老師。一天，她帶著一個走路一瘸一拐的女孩進了教室，包括作者在內的幾個男孩取笑這個女孩。而Hudson夫人用激勵、愛心和智慧教育了作者，啟迪了他的心靈，作者從此不再孤立女孩。這段經歷對作者的一生產生了很大的影響。 1．A.wele B．introduce C．remend D．follow 解析：選A　上文講到Hudson夫人帶著一個走路一瘸一拐的女孩進了教室，將這個女孩介紹給班里的孩子們，讓大家“歡迎”她，所以選A。wele“歡迎”；introduce“介紹”；remend“推薦”；follow“跟隨”。 2．A.casually B．gently C．nervously D．hurriedly 解析：選B　上文講到女孩走路一瘸一拐，接著說Hudson夫人“緩緩地”將女孩帶到了前排的一個座位，所以選B。casually“隨便地”；gently“溫柔地，緩緩地”；nervously“緊張地”；hurriedly“匆忙地”。 3．A.spread B．delivered C．repeated D．whispered 解析：選D　Hudson夫人先是將女孩帶到了前排的一個座位上，接著彎下腰來在她的耳邊“小聲說話”，所以選D。spread“傳播”；deliver“遞送，發(fā)表(演講)，接生”；repeat“重復”；whisper“小聲說”。 4．A.cried B．sighed C．announced D．agreed 解析：選C　Hudson夫人講完數學題后，“宣布”該休息了，所以選C。cry“喊叫，哭”；sigh“嘆氣”；announce“宣布”。 5．A.looked out B．raced out C．turned up D．gave up 解析：選B　根據上文可知，老師宣布了下課，根據常識可推知，下課后，男孩們先“跑了出去”，故raced out符合語境。look out“朝外看”；turn up“出現，露面，調高(音量等)”；give up“放棄”。 6．A.school B．office C．classroom D．platform 解析：選C　上文提到男孩們跑了出去，所以過了一會兒，作者應該是回到了“教室”。school“學?！?；office“辦公室”；classroom“教室”；platform“平臺，月臺，講臺”。 7．A.guard B．colleague C．person D．speaker 解析：選C　Hudson夫人對作者說，“Jack，你是一個好人”，她是用表揚的方法來促使作者轉變自己的做法，使作者友善對待新來的女生。guard“衛(wèi)兵”；colleague“同事”；person“人”；speaker“說話者”。 8．A.embarrassed B．satisfied C．convinced D．worried 解析：選A　作者取笑新來的女孩，Hudson夫人卻說他是一個好人，這讓作者感到有點“尷尬”，所以選A。embarrassed“尷尬的”；satisfied“滿意的，滿足的”；convinced“確信的”；worried“擔憂的”。 9．A.answer B．explanation C．ment D．prediction 解析：選C　Hudson夫人對作者的正面“評價”(說作者是個好人)讓作者知道了老師是非常喜歡他在身邊的。answer“回答，答案”；explanation“解釋，說明”；ment“評論，評述”；prediction“預測，預言”。 10．A.begged B．replied C．urged D．continued 解析：選D　上文講到，Hudson夫人說作者是一個好人，然后“繼續(xù)說”，“這就是我確信你今天會邀請Margaret一起玩的原因。”beg“祈求”；reply“回答”；urge“敦促”；continue“繼續(xù)說”。 11．A.why B．how C．when D．where 解析：選A　參見上題解析。why“為什么”；how“如何，怎樣”；when“何時”；where“哪里”。 12．A.doubtful B．confident C．honest D．fortable 解析：選B　她肯定的話如同冰冷的刀子直指向作者的心，所以選B。doubtful“懷疑的”；confident“自信的，肯定的”；honest“誠實的”；fortable“舒服的”。 13．A.necessarily B．regularly C．hardly D．possibly 解析：選D　上文提到作者孤立新同學，但老師卻說他是個好人，所以作者心中疑惑：她“有可能”會猜到我們都說Margaret什么嗎？她知道我有多令人討厭嗎？ne