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1、第九講　并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句 　并列句 順承轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比看 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原則這樣運(yùn)用 1．(2019·四川卷)It was time for her to have a new baby, ____________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent. and　解析：前后句為順承關(guān)系，故用and連接。 2．(2019·重慶西北狼教育聯(lián)盟第一次聯(lián)考)It was an extremely dark, lonely c

2、ountry road. Neither a single person____________ any traffic was in sight at all. nor　解析：考查固定搭配。后句句意：既看不到一個(gè)人，也根本看不到一輛車(chē)。neither...nor...為固定搭配，意為“既不……也不……”。 3．(2019·東北三省四市二模)I used to think that the flying car was a ridiculous idea.____________ I changed my mind this morning when I sat in heavy traf

3、fic. But　解析：考查連詞。used to do意為“過(guò)去常常”，含有“現(xiàn)在不這樣”的意思，故此處表轉(zhuǎn)折。過(guò)去認(rèn)為(研制)飛行汽車(chē)是個(gè)荒謬的主意，但是今天早上當(dāng)我困在擁堵的交通中時(shí)，我改變了想法。 4．(2019·山西八校聯(lián)考)Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fear.Overcome it, ____________we will be able to achieve our goals. and　解析：考查“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”。后句句意：克服它，我們

4、就能夠達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。前后為順承關(guān)系，故用and。 5．(2019·長(zhǎng)沙一模)As a result, he won the game but finally became famous throughout the country.____________________ but→and　解析：考查連詞。句意：最后他贏得了比賽，聞名全國(guó)。won the game和became famous throughout the country之間是并列關(guān)系，故用連詞and。 6．(2019·合肥第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Although it was very difficult at first, b

5、ut with the help of my teacher, I made rapid progress.Just as the old saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”____________________ 刪除but　解析：考查連詞。although意為“盡管”，不與but連用，因此刪除but。 7．(2019·鄭州第三次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))Should I tell him the truth, and should I pay to repair it? I wish for your advice._______

6、_____________ and→or　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示邏輯上的選擇關(guān)系，故用連詞or。 通關(guān)點(diǎn)擊 ____________________________________________________原則這樣解讀 用法 連詞 例句 表并列、遞進(jìn)或順承關(guān)系 and，both... and...，neither...nor...， not only... but also...， as well as During the first three years, children learn the basic skills they will u

7、se in all their later learning both at home and at school. 在前3年，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了以后在家里和在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)中所需要用的基本技能。 表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 but，yet，nevertheless(后兩個(gè)為非課標(biāo)詞匯) What we are about to do is perfectly legal.But please don’t discuss it with any-one.　 我們要做的事完全合法，但請(qǐng)不要與任何人討論這件事。 表選擇關(guān)系 either...or...，not...but...，or，or else，rathe

8、r than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 現(xiàn)在你可以休息，或者去看電影。 表因果關(guān)系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，so He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 由于他的視力下降，他發(fā)現(xiàn)讀書(shū)越來(lái)越困難了。 and與or用于并列句 祈使句＋and＋陳述句，and表順承 Find ways to praise your children often，and you’ll

9、find they will open their hearts to you. 設(shè)法常常表?yè)P(yáng)你的孩子，這樣你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們樂(lè)意向你敞開(kāi)心扉。 祈使句＋or＋陳述句，or表轉(zhuǎn)折 表對(duì)比 while強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比關(guān)系，意為“然而；而” I like English while my little sister is fond of art. 我喜歡英語(yǔ)而我的妹妹熱愛(ài)藝術(shù)。 9大狀語(yǔ)從句對(duì)比記憶 　　　　　　　　成分、結(jié)構(gòu)面面觀，邏輯關(guān)系是必然 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原則這樣運(yùn)用 1．(201

10、9·北京卷)____________birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. Although/Though　解析：句意：盡管鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)飛行時(shí)使用它們的羽毛，它們的羽毛的一部分也有其他作用。故用Although/Though“盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 2．(2019·北京卷)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ____________ yo

11、u figure it out. until　解析：句意：如果你不懂一些東西，你可以研究、學(xué)習(xí)，并和別人交談，直到你弄明白。此處應(yīng)用until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“直到”。 3．(2019·北京卷Ⅲ)I really enjoy listening to music ____________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. because　解析：根據(jù)句意可知，這里用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 4．(2019·浙江卷)If I was only a child when I

12、 studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.____________________ If→Although/Though　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前面從句表示對(duì)主句的讓步，而并不是條件。 5．(2019·湖南益陽(yáng)調(diào)研)One day, I was skiing down a mountain while I saw a girl aged about 15 who had fallen.____________________ while→when　解析：be doing sth. when...為固定搭配，意為“正在做某事，突

13、然……”。故將while改為when。 通關(guān)點(diǎn)擊 ____________________________________________________原則這樣解讀 1．時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：when, as, while, before, since, until/till, the moment等。 (1)when ①when意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候” 如果主句表示的是短暫性動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when，while與as可互換使用。 When/While/As I was walking down the street

14、, I came across an old friend of mine. 我正沿著大街走時(shí)，碰巧遇到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。 ②when意為“就在這時(shí)”，常用于以下句式 was/were doing sth.when...正在做……就在那時(shí)…… was about to do sth.when...剛要做……就在那時(shí)…… had just done sth.when...剛剛做……就在那時(shí)…… hardly...when...剛……就…… The old man had hardly stepped down from the bus when it started.　這位老人剛下

15、汽車(chē)，汽車(chē)就開(kāi)走了。 (2)while ①while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，常接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 ②while意為“然而”，表示前后對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折。 ③while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意為“盡管，雖然”，多放于句首，相當(dāng)于although/though。 While I understand what you said, I can’t agree with you. 雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意。 (3)as ①as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“一邊……一邊；隨著”。 ②as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“雖然”，必須倒裝。 As he grew older, he becam

16、e less active. 隨著他逐漸長(zhǎng)大，他變得不那么活潑了。 (4)before作連詞：It will/won’t be＋一段時(shí)間＋before...意為“過(guò)了多少時(shí)間才/沒(méi)過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就”。 John thinks it won’t be long before he is ready for his new job.　約翰認(rèn)為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。 (5)since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示“從……以來(lái)”，常用句型：It is/has been＋一段時(shí)間＋since...。 As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsing

17、huaUniversity was founded. 據(jù)報(bào)道， 清華大學(xué)已經(jīng)建立了100多年了。 (6)until 常用于 not...until...“直到……時(shí)候才”句式。 We won’t start our discussion until/till he comes. 直到他來(lái)了我們才能開(kāi)始討論。 2．where, wherever引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting. 因?yàn)槲易牡胤皆胍籼螅月?tīng)不清教授在說(shuō)什么。 3．

18、if, unless, as long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)if表示正面的條件，意為“如果”；unless(＝if...not)表示反面的條件，意為“除非，如果不”。 (2)as long as意為“只要”。 We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold. 除非下雨或天很冷，否則我們將在本周日去公園野餐。 My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy. 我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興

19、就好。 4．a(chǎn)s...as...，than引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句 He can speak English as fluently as a native speaker. 他講英語(yǔ)和本地人講得一樣流利。 5．because, as, since, now that(既然)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句 The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.　那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上，因?yàn)樗氚ぶ拮幼? 6．so that, in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句

20、 They flew there in order that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony. 他們飛往那里以便能及時(shí)參加開(kāi)幕典禮。 7．so/such...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 He was so deep in thought that he knocked into the tree without noticing it.　他深深地陷入沉思，竟然撞到了樹(shù)上。 8．a(chǎn)s if ，as though引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句 Jack wasn’t doing anything，but the teacher

21、smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.　杰克什么都沒(méi)做，但是老師向他微笑，好像他做了什么明智之舉。 9．though，although；even though/even if；疑問(wèn)詞＋-ever；whether...or...引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 though和although兩者意思相同，意為“盡管，雖然”，一般可以互換，都可以與yet, still連用，但不能和連詞but連用。 Though/Although regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good i

22、dea to exercise too close to bedtime. 盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要， 但臨睡前鍛煉不是個(gè)好主意。 Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn’t get much exercise. 盡管蒂姆不怎么鍛煉，但他體型很好。 Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or whenever it is convenient to you. 請(qǐng)打電話告訴我的秘書(shū)讓她在下午或在你方便的任何時(shí)候安排一個(gè)會(huì)議。

23、 ,[學(xué)生用書(shū)P39]　 　　) 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2019·湖南六校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)Most importantly，though，remember the following old rule：try to eat different food，____________not too much. but/yet　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，嘗試吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。 2．(2019·遼寧沈陽(yáng)高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)一)I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like ____________ I told

24、him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. so/and　解析：考查連詞。句意：我從來(lái)沒(méi)有看過(guò)沙塵暴是什么樣子，(所以)我告訴他我要出去親自看看。根據(jù)空處語(yǔ)境可知，空處前后句間為并列關(guān)系或因果關(guān)系。 3．(2019·重慶西北狼教育聯(lián)盟第一期聯(lián)考)I was driving home late at night ____________ my car lost momentum(動(dòng)力) and got slower and slower. when　解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：我深夜正駕駛在回家的路上，突然汽車(chē)失去動(dòng)力，變得越來(lái)越慢。分

25、析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。be doing...when意為“正在做某事時(shí)突然……”。 4．(2019·湖北部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三起點(diǎn)考試)____________you cover a baby’s favorite toy with a piece of cloth，the baby thinks the toy has disappeared and stops looking for it. If　解析：根據(jù)句意可知，前半句是一個(gè)條件句，故用If引導(dǎo)。 5．(2019·太原二模)I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a

26、bar of chocolate ____________ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me. when　解析：考查連詞。hardly...when...意為“一……就……”，為固定用法，符合語(yǔ)境，故用連詞when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 6．(2019·貴州適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)If you visit Nepal，you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands，____

27、________in North America and the U．K，people greet one another by shaking hands. while　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示尼泊爾人雙手合十打招呼，而在北美和英國(guó)，人們通過(guò)握手打招呼。該空前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用while。 7．(2019·安徽蚌埠一模)People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you ____________ you are a foreigner or just a local. whether　解析：句意：大理的人對(duì)你友好而真誠(chéng)，無(wú)

28、論你是外國(guó)人還是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?。whether...or...表示“無(wú)論是……還是……”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 8．(2019·福建龍巖3月質(zhì)檢)But for now, they all have to postpone their plans____________the winter storms pass. until/till　解析：句意：但是現(xiàn)在他們都得把他們的計(jì)劃推遲到冬季風(fēng)暴結(jié)束時(shí)才能實(shí)施。根據(jù)句意可知設(shè)空處填until或till。 9．(2019·山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體一模)He overcame many difficulties，____________ he was not

29、fortunate enough. but/yet　解析：句意：雖然他克服了許多困難，但是他還是不夠幸運(yùn)。兩個(gè)分句間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but或yet。 10．(2019·遼寧葫蘆島六校協(xié)作體考試)Some animals，like people，eat both plants____________animals. and　解析：句意：一些動(dòng)物，例如人類(lèi)，既吃植物也吃動(dòng)物。both...and...為固定搭配，意為：既……也…… 單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2019·鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))She was born into a poor family or she worked very hard

30、 to be successful.____________________ or→and/so　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，上下文表示邏輯上的并列或因果關(guān)系，故用and或so。 2．(2019·廣東七校聯(lián)考)Although I was tired，but I really had a good time.____________________ 刪除but或but改為yet　解析：although不能和but連用，能和yet連用。補(bǔ)充：此處也可刪除Although，但是語(yǔ)意上沒(méi)有修改but好。 3．(2019·湖北黃石大冶一中高三月考)I was so tired that I

31、fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.____________________ 去掉at　解析：此處the moment是名詞短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，at多余。 4．(2019·河北“五個(gè)一”名校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)Because you have anything that puzzles you，it would be great to talk with Mr.Tang.____________________ Because→If　解析：句意：如果你有任何使你困惑的事情，與唐老師交談一下會(huì)非常好。根據(jù)句意可知，從句為條件狀語(yǔ)

32、從句，表示“如果……”，應(yīng)用If引導(dǎo)。故將Because改為If。 5．(2019·安徽百所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)二模)It happens such often that we end up taking our parents for granted. ____________________ such→so　解析：在so/such...that...句型中，so修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞。此處修飾副詞，故用so。 6．(2019·鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))I was very touched that I couldn’t sleep the whole night，and thought

33、about being a teacher in the future.____________________ very→so　解析：考查副詞。根據(jù)固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于”可知，應(yīng)用副詞so。 7．(2019·云南11校區(qū)調(diào)研)All the way we appreciated the beautiful scenery and fresh air，so a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.____________________ so→but　解析：考查連詞。一路上我們欣賞美麗的景色，但是有

34、人摘花。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。 8．(2019·云南統(tǒng)一檢測(cè))It sounds very noisy but unpleasant，especially in the cinema.____________________ but→and　解析：考查連詞。此處表示在電影院里它聽(tīng)起來(lái)吵鬧且令人不快。noisy和unpleasant并列，不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用and。 語(yǔ)法填空 (2019·東北三省四市模擬)Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were inspired by warm，yellow sunlight because he loved how

35、it could light up the world in different ways.His painting Sunflowers，for example，1.____________(fill) with vivid yellows and browns.These colors give 2.____________ painting a feeling of warmth and well-being.However，the sunflowers are actually dead and dying. The result is a painting that combine

36、s the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved 3.____________the feelings of sadness that were all around him.It is a painting that is warm，beautiful and sad all at the same time. Van Gogh’s most famous painting，The Starry Night，takes this 4.____________(mix) of joy and sadness one step further.It is a l

37、andscape full of deep blues and shadows 5.____________represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he 6.____________(paint)，rather than what he was actually seeing. This is why Van Gogh’s 7.____________(image) in his painting look more imagined than real.The stars and moon in The Starry Night are

38、8.____________(unusual) bright，9.____________(they) light swirling(旋動(dòng)) above the darkening hills.A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night，10.____________(interrupt) its beauty. [解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]　本文介紹了凡·高作品的藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)。 1．is filled　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句缺少謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是His painting Sunflowers，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單

39、數(shù)，且此處表示一種客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，再結(jié)合固定搭配be filled with可知，填is filled。 2．the　解析：考查冠詞。前面提到了Sunflowers這幅畫(huà)，此處表特指，應(yīng)用the。 3．with　解析：考查介詞。固定搭配combine...with...意為“把……和……結(jié)合”，符合語(yǔ)境。 4．mixture　解析：考查名詞。動(dòng)詞后面接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 5．which/that　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是物，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)。 6．was painting　解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。下文的“rather than what he was actually

40、，seeing”表明此處也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 7．images　解析：考查名詞的數(shù)。他作品中的形象不止一個(gè)，且根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞look可知，應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 8．unusually　解析：考查副詞。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞。 9．their　解析：考查代詞。名詞前需要使用形容詞性物主代詞。 10．interrupting　解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞。interrupt與句子主語(yǔ)是主謂關(guān)系，且空處與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間無(wú)連詞連接，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。 內(nèi)容總結(jié) （1）時(shí)候” 如果主句表示的是短暫性動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when，while與as可互換使用