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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
驅(qū)動橋作為汽車四大總成之一，它的性能的好壞直接影響整車性能，而對于各種汽車顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)采用大功率發(fā)動機(jī)輸出大的轉(zhuǎn)矩以滿足目前載重汽車的快速、重載的高效率、高效益的需要時(shí)，必須要搭配一個(gè)高效、可靠的驅(qū)動橋。
驅(qū)動橋處于動力傳動系的末端，其基本功能是增大由傳動軸或變速器傳來的轉(zhuǎn)矩，并將動力合理的分配給左、右車輪，另外還承受作用于路面和車架或車身之間的垂直力、縱向力和橫向力。驅(qū)動橋一般由主減速器、差速器、車輪傳動裝置和驅(qū)動橋殼等組成。汽車驅(qū)動橋是汽車的重大總成，承載著汽車的滿載簧荷重及地面經(jīng)車輪、車架及承載式車身經(jīng)懸架給予的鉛垂力、縱向力、橫向力及其力矩，以及沖擊載荷；驅(qū)動橋還傳遞著傳動系中的最大轉(zhuǎn)矩，橋殼還承受著反作用力矩。汽車驅(qū)動橋結(jié)構(gòu)型式和設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)除對汽車的可靠性與耐久性有重要影響外，還對汽車的行駛性能如動力性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性、平順性、通過性、機(jī)動性和操作穩(wěn)定性等有直接影響。
本設(shè)計(jì)參照傳統(tǒng)驅(qū)動橋的設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了載重汽車驅(qū)動橋的設(shè)計(jì)。本設(shè)計(jì)首先確定主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和主要設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)；然后參考類似驅(qū)動橋的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定出總體設(shè)計(jì)方案；最后對主，從動錐齒輪，差速器圓錐行星齒輪，半軸齒輪，全浮式半軸和整體式橋殼的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行校核以及對支承軸承進(jìn)行了壽命校核。本設(shè)計(jì)不是采用傳統(tǒng)的雙曲面錐齒輪作為載重汽車的主減速器而是采用弧齒錐齒輪，希望這能作為一個(gè)課題繼續(xù)研究下去。
關(guān)鍵字：驅(qū)動橋；驅(qū)動橋；單級減速器；錐齒輪；半軸
ABSTRACT
Drive axle is the one of automobile four important assemblies. It` performance directly influence on the entire automobile，especially for the heavy truck .Because using the big power engine with the big driving torque satisfied the need of high speed，heavy-loaded， high efficiency， high benefit today`heavy truck， single reduction final drive axle is.
Driving axle in power transmission, the basic function of the end of the drive shaft or transmission increases is by the torque,and from the power of the reasonable assigned to the right and left the drive wheels, also take effect on the pavement and frame or bo dy between the vertical and lateral and longitudinal strength and power. Generally by the reducer drive,differential and wheel transmission device and driving axle shell etc.car driving axle is the major car assembly, carrying a full load and reed car wheels.frame, and the ground monocoque body the suspension of the lead to vertical force, longitudinal force, transverse force and torque,and impact load; Driving axle also passed the transmission of the maximum torque, bridge is under adverse effect moment shell.car driving axle structure and design parameters in addition to the rellability of the parameters in addition to the reliablilty of the automobile and durability has a significant effect on the outside , also for the automobile driving performance such as power, economy smooth, through the sex,mobility and exercise has a direct impact on the dynamic stability, ect
This design following the traditional designing method of the drive axle. First ，make up the main parts`structure and the key designing parameters; thus reference to the similar driving axle structure ， decide the entire designing project ; fanially check the strength of the axle drive bevel pinion ，bevel gear wheel ， the differentional planetary pinion， differential side gear ， full-floating axle shaft and the banjo axle housing ， and the life expection of carrier bearing . The designing take the spiral bevel gear for the tradional hypoid gear ，as the gear type of heavy truck`s final drive，with the expection of the question being discussed， further .
Key words: Drive Axle; Rrducer; Differential; Automotive Design; Half Shaft
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