外文翻譯-輥式破碎機、沖擊式和錘式破碎機的發(fā)展概況

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密 級 分類號 編 號 成 績 本科生畢業(yè)設計 (論文) 外 文 翻 譯 原 文 標 題 Development survey of roller type breaker ,impact type breaker and hammer type breaker 譯 文 標 題 輥式破碎機、沖擊式和錘式破碎機的發(fā)展概況 作者所在系別 機電工程學院 作者所在專業(yè) 機械設計制造及其自動化 作者所在班級 作 者 姓 名 作 者 學 號 指導教師姓名 指導教師職稱 完 成 時 間 學院教務處制 譯文標題 輥式破碎機、沖擊式和錘式破碎機的發(fā)展概況 原文標題 Development survey of roller type breaker ,impacttype breaker and hammer type breaker 作 者 Toskins,josiah 譯 名 霍思金斯，喬賽亞 國 籍 美國 原文出處 http://www.mapeng.net/news/mechanical_English_article/2008/12/mapen_08121123512175_7.html 譯文： 輥式破碎機、沖擊式破碎機和錘式破碎機的發(fā)展概況 摘要： 輥式破碎機、沖擊式破碎機和錘式破碎機的應用范圍非常廣泛，能對各種不同硬度的、粘度和濕度都較大的物料進行粗碎、中碎和細碎。特別值得指出的是這幾種破碎機的破碎效率高，能耗小。目前的輥式破碎機、沖擊式破碎機和錘式破碎機在設計、制造和應用上都取得了一些新的進展。 關鍵詞：破碎機發(fā)展 英國Babbitless(GB)公司制造了一種破碎比高、能耗低的Dragon沖擊式破碎機。該機的系列產品有：PS10.05(轉子為1 0.5)，PS10.10(11)，PS12.13(1.21.3)三種規(guī)格。 該公司制造的這種沖擊式破碎機可用于破碎白云石、硅質石灰?guī)r等礦石，但不能破碎濕度和粘性都很大的物料。給料粒度為65～150。實際上，該機最適合破碎塊狀物料，不適合破碎片狀物料。破碎產品粒度在40以下，生產能力為15～150。 該公司還制造了13種可逆轉的沖擊式破碎機。允許的給料粒度達380，生產能力超過600。 該公司還生產了6種規(guī)格的輥式破碎機，生產能力為35～195，產品粒度為6～50。 英國Groft Barmac公司制造的Rotopactor破碎機， 是一種具有獨特形式的三級沖擊式破碎機。破碎作業(yè)時，物料以一定的加速度進入破碎腔內轉子與側壁之間，從而產生沖擊破碎。物料的輸送是從料斗經中央分配器送到破碎腔內快速旋轉的轉子上的。破碎產品落入排料槽內。破碎腔的磨損很小，但對破碎區(qū)域還是要進行專門的耐磨保護。轉子的通路要襯裝碳化鎢導向板，從而破碎腔的上部和底部要安裝鑄造襯板。轉子的表面硬度要求極高。這種破碎機的轉子，可用2個或3個部件組成兩種型式的轉子。 該公司生產的這種破碎機系列有五種規(guī)格。驅動功率為75～500馬力，生產能力可高達250。這種破碎機的驅動機可以進行改型，機器的結構形式分為閉式和開式。 Groft公司最近安裝使用的一臺MⅢ型破碎機，裝有雙驅動裝置和兩臺200馬力的電動機，其生產率超過200。MⅠ型破碎機是一種小型破碎機，生產率為50。 美國Eagle公司制造的Maxim多籠式破碎機，用于破碎混合物料。在每種多籠式破碎機中，都有以相反方向旋轉的(沿直線和中心給料點)2、4或6個同心籠室。每個籠室都有一排沖擊破碎棒。破碎產品的粒度從20到200網目。這種破碎機有三種規(guī)格，破碎生產率為7～30、15～60和30～110。 英國GEC公司制造的Dyad雙轉子擺動錘式破碎機，生產能力高達1000。 西德Hazemag公司制造的Hazemag型沖擊破碎機。由英國Peabody Holmes公司銷售到整個英國的采石場。APP2030型粗碎機和APKM1630型中碎機是兩種大型的沖擊式破碎機，現(xiàn)已交付英國采石場使用。兩臺設備的合同價格是125英鎊（合同中包括供給的電力驅動裝置、專用的速度控制設備和能量回收裝置）。 目前已有數(shù)百臺Hazemag沖擊式破碎機在石灰石和其他礦山上使用。其中大多數(shù)破碎生產能力都超過了500。 美國Hewitt-Robins公司正在生產雙輥式和三輥式破碎機、沖擊式破碎機及錘式破碎機。雙輥式破碎機用于處理量大的作業(yè)，其生產能力超過810，該機采用了液壓破碎輥裝置、過載保護彈簧和橡膠輪驅動方式。該公司生產的24英寸48英寸三輥兩端洗煤用破碎機，具有較小的破碎輥液壓裝置和皮帶輪驅動裝置。生產能力（破碎產品粒度為2英寸時）可達320。 Hewitt-Robins沖擊式破碎機，是一種效率高、破碎比大的沖擊式破碎機。其規(guī)格分別為36英寸54英寸和48英寸66英寸。該機的生產能力取決于格篩的通孔的尺寸，當格篩通孔尺寸為3.5英寸時，其生產能力可達900。 該公司還制造兩種規(guī)格的錘式破碎機，即：36英寸32英寸和48英寸32英寸，其格篩的格條和間距都是可調的。這種錘式破碎機的生產能力可達190，轉數(shù)為1350。而特殊高速大型錘式破碎機的轉數(shù)為1800。 西德KHD Humboldt Wedag AG公司制造多種型號的沖擊式破碎機。PEG型沖擊式破碎機是用來粗碎像石灰石和石膏之類的礦物。該機有9種規(guī)格，其生產能力可達1650，給料粒度可達1.6，產品粒度為0～15。該公司制造的PEF型沖擊式破碎機的給料粒度很小，可達0.75，產品粒度為0～44。該公司還制造了用于碎煤作業(yè)的PEK型沖擊式破碎機，還有10中規(guī)格，最大生產能力達2000，給料粒度達0.75。KHD公司制造的WB25型雙輥破碎機，適用于破碎中等硬度物料。該機裝有與機架相連接的雙曲柄（肘板）裝置，從而保證了破碎力的合理分布。這種破碎機直徑為1.25，寬度為3，能破碎中等硬度的物料，其給料粒度為250，產品粒度為75，生產能力為2223。破碎機格篩的間隙可以通過機械方式調節(jié)，并裝有過載保護裝置。 蘇聯(lián)Machinoexport公司生產的沖擊式破碎機，用于破碎中等硬度的耐磨礦石。這種破碎機需要的驅動功率小，但破碎比大。該公司還制造用于粗碎、中碎和細碎多種型式的轉子式破碎機，有SMD-85A和SMD-86A；SMD-75和SMD-94A.這兩種轉子式破碎機都是單轉子破碎機。液壓裝置是用來釋放不可破碎的物料和在破碎腔堵塞時進行卸載的。 該公司制造的DDZW-1512型雙齒輥破碎機，用于破碎強度高達200的物料，其破碎生產能力為50～150。齒輥可以是鈍刃型或者是平緩的椎體型，鈍刃型齒輥的允許給料粒度大。該機裝有間隙調節(jié)裝置和輥子彈性保護裝置。 美國Mclanahan公司最近生產了標準型、中型和特大型二段三輥破碎機。一臺二段三輥破碎機能代替兩臺獨立的破碎機所能完成的破碎作業(yè)。這種破碎機可將原煤或其他物料破碎到15以下。該公司制造的單輥破碎機，用于破碎巖石、礦石、碎石、煤和硬油母頁巖特別有效。對于粘性高或濕度大的物料，其產品粒度比沖擊式破碎機的產品粒度還要細。二段三輥破碎機的破碎輥在標準速度下，生產能力為75～600。 該公司制造的Mclanahan旋轉碎煤機，裝有鉆孔篩板，用于破碎軟煤餓中等硬度的煤，生產能力非常大。該機的特點是驅動輪和筒體間具有非常精確的同心度。筒體內裝有耐磨襯板，筒體兩端為無阻力的給料端頭和卸料端頭。該機能在一次運轉作業(yè)中同時完成破碎和篩分兩個作業(yè)。 美國Mcnally Pittsburg公司制造專門用于破碎塊煤的碎煤機——“Gearmatic”雙輥破碎機、重型雙輥破碎機、旋轉破碎機、二段四輥Gearmatic破碎機和單輥破碎機。Gearmatic破碎機的結構特點是：采用Mcnally公司研制的抗拉強度很高的齒輪傳動裝置，為防塵而采用了良好的密封裝置。當破碎機運行時，可改變動輥的位置來調節(jié)產品的粒度。該公司制造的二段四輥破碎機是由兩臺雙輥破碎機組裝而成的。 盧森堡Mecan-Arbed公司制造的大型Arbed齒輥破碎機，用于粗碎或中碎作業(yè)，破碎脆性或中硬物料（且含濕度大和粘性高的物料）。該公司制造的齒輥破碎機共有13種規(guī)格，最小型的齒輥破碎機，驅動功率為237，其生產能力為150～200，產品粒度為50；最大型齒輥破碎機，驅動功率為2600，生產能力為2400～3000，產品粒度為300～400。 西德QK公司制造的Mammut破碎機，是一種單轉子錘式破碎機，適用于單輥粗碎中硬到堅硬的石灰石和水泥原料。這種破碎機共有12種規(guī)格：給料粒度為0～25，驅動功率為100～3500。該公司制造的Titan破碎機，所能破碎的物料類似于Mammut型破碎機，但給料粒度為1200～2300，生產能力為220～1200，驅動功率為2170～2900。 該公司制造的沖擊式破碎機，有18種規(guī)格。最大給料粒度為400～1600，生產能力為20～1800，破碎產品粒度為0～150，驅動功率為22～2000。 該公司制造的HBK型錘式破碎機，主要用于破碎筑路工程需要的碎石（中硬到堅硬）。 QK公司制造的中碎錘式破碎機，有10種規(guī)格，用于破碎軟到中硬物料或粗碎水泥原料，電動機功率為30～400，破碎生產率為20～280。 捷克Pragoinvest公司制造8種規(guī)格的OKD型沖擊式錘式破碎機，用于破碎生產率高，破碎比也大。OKD破碎機結構的特點是，在大型轉子上面具有巨大的破碎腔。通過破碎錘的旋轉，將物料拋射到破碎腔壁上，使其受沖擊而破碎。未被破碎的大塊物料落入出料口處的格篩上，再次受沖擊而破碎。 這種破碎機采用了液壓控制系統(tǒng)，在破碎機的后部排料口處裝有格篩和用于拆卸與安裝破碎錘的液壓裝置。 西德PHB-Weserhutte（PWH）公司制造的單輥和雙輥破碎機，其破碎輥可以是平滑的光輥，或是在碎輥上刻槽，并裝有破碎齒。這種破碎機用于破碎中硬或是軟物料。 該公司制造的PWH單轉子錘式破碎機，也是用于破碎軟到中硬物料的，并且有很高的破碎比，可使破碎產品的粒度小于3。 澳大利亞Voest-Alpine公司制造兩種型式的雙輥破碎機。一種裝有調節(jié)破碎輥間隙的機械裝置和彈性卸載輥。兩種型式的破碎機都可以根據(jù)不同的需要，分別安裝上平輥、波紋輥和齒形輥。第一種機型用于破碎石灰石、石膏、珍珠巖等物料；第二種機型用于破碎硬的鐵礦石、燒結石、爐渣和焦炭等物料。 該公司制造的Sand破碎機適用于破碎比大的場合。該公司還制造了重型中碎機，用于破碎卵石或難碎的巖石。 Voest-Alpine公司還制造了一種Centro破碎機，該機裝有高速透平式轉子。用于細粒礫石的破碎，產品粒度為50。該機由上部集中給料，物料向剛性破碎腔壁方向運動。轉子具有磨損量最小的結構和最佳的破碎效果。生產能力約為50，這種破碎機，適用于破碎0~5粒級占80%的砂石。該機有兩種規(guī)格：12501250和16001600，驅動功率為5575。 附錄： Development survey of roller type breaker, impact type breaker and hammer type breaker Abstract： The roller type breaker, the impact type breaker and the hammer type breaker application scope is extremely widespread, can to each kind of different degree of hardness, the viscosity and the humidity all big material carries on thick garrulous, is garrulous and is in broken bits. This kind of crusher stave efficiency is especially high, the energy consumption is small. At present overseas in the roller type breaker, the impact type breaker and in the hammer type breaker design, the manufacture and the application has all made some new progress. Keywords: Crusher development English Babbitless (GB) Corporation has made one kind of stave scaled height of burst, the energy consumption low Dragon impact type breaker. This machine series product includes: PS10.05 (rotor is 10.5), PS10.10 (11), PS12.13 (1.21.3) three kinds of specifications. This company makes this kind of impact type breaker available in stave dolomite, ore and so on silicon nature limestone, but cannot break the humidity and the coherent all very big material. For the material granularity is 65~150.In fact, this machine most suits the stave massive material, does not suit the stave laminated material. The stave product granularity below 40, productivity is 15~150. This company has also made the impact type breaker which 13 kinds may reverse. The permission amounts to 380 for the material granularity, productivity surpasses for 600. This company also has produced 6 kinds of specifications type breaker, productivity is 35~195, the product granularity is 6~50. English Groft Barmac Corporation makes the Rotopactor breaker, is one kind has the unique form three levels of impact type breaker. When stave work, the material enters in the stave cavity by certain acceleration between the rotor and the sidewall, thus has the impact to be staving. The material transportation is delivers in the stave cavity from the hopper after the central divider on the fast revolving rotor. The stave product falls in the dump trough. The stave cavity attrition is very small, but must carry on the special wear-resisting protection to the stave region. The rotor circuit must lining the attire tungsten carbide guidance board, thus stave cavity upside and the base must install the casting backing. The rotor skin hardness request is extremely high. This kind of breaker rotor, available 2 or 3 parts compose two patterns the rotors. This company produces this kind of breaker series has five kinds of specifications. The actuation power is 75~500 horsepower, productivity may reach as high as for 250. This kind of breaker drive may carry on the modification; the machine structural style divides into the enclosed type and the opens type. Croft Corporation recently installed the use the MⅢ breaker, which is loaded with the double drives and two 200 horsepower electric motors,its productivity surpasses for 200. The MⅠbreaker is one kind of small breaker, the productivity is 50. American Eagle Corporation makes the Maxim multi-cage type breaker, which is used in mixing the material stave. In each kind of cage type breaker, all has by reverse direction revolving (gives material along straight line and center) 2, 4 or 6 concentric cage rooms. Each cage room all has a row of impact stave stick. Stave product granularity from 20 to 200 meshes. This kind of breaker has three kinds of specifications, the stave productivity is 7~30 tons/hour, 15~60 and 30~110. English GEC Corporation makes the Dyad double rotors swinging hammer type breaker, productivity reaches as high as for 1000. West German Hazemag Corporation makes Hazemag impact breaker. Corporation sells the entire England's quarry from English Peabody Holmes. The APP2030 bulldozer and the APKM1630 intermediate crusher are two kinds of large-scale impact type breakers, presently pays the English quarry use. Two equipment contract prices are 125 pounds (in contract including supplies electric drive equipment, special-purpose speed control equipment and energy recycling installment). At present several hundreds Hazemag impact type breakers have been used in the limestone and other mines. In which majority breakers productivity has all surpassed for 500. American Hewitt-Robins Corporation is producing the double rolls type and three rolls type breaker, the impact type breaker and the hammer type breaker. The double rolls type breaker is used in the process load big work, its productivity surpasses for 810, this machine has used the hydraulic pressure crushing roller installment, and the over-load protection spring and the oak rubber tire drive type. This company produces 24 inches48 inches three rolls both sides coal washing used the breaker, and has the small crushing roller hydraulic unit and the belt pulley drive. Productivity (stave product granularity is when 2 inches) may amount to for 320 . The Hewitt-Robins impact type breaker is one kind of high efficiency, big the reduction ratio impact type breaker. Its specification respectively is 36 inches54 inches and 48 inches66 inches. This machine productivity is decided by the riddle through whole size. When the riddle clear size of opening is 3.5 inches, its productivity may amount to for 900. This company also makes two kinds of specifications the hammer type breakers, namely: 36 inches 32 inches and 48 inches32 inches, its riddle lattice bar and the spacing all are adjustable. This kind of hammer type breaker productivity may amount to for 190, the rotation is 1350. But the special high speed large-scale hammer type breaker rotation is 1800. West German KHD Humboldt Wedge AG Corporation makes many kinds of the impact type breakers. The PEG impact type breaker is used for the thick garrulous as like limestone, the gypsum and so on mineral. This machine has 9 kinds of specifications, and its productivity may up to 1650, may amount to 1.6 for the material granularity, the product granularity is 0~15. This company makes the PEF impact type breaker is very small for the material granularity, may amount to 0.75, and the product granularity is 0~44. This company also made the PEK impact type breaker used in the pulverized coal work, and some 10 specifications, biggest productivity amounted to for 2000, amounted to 0.75 for the material granularity. KHD Corporation makes the WB25 double rolls breaker, is suitable for the stave medium degree of hardness material. This machine is loaded with the double crank which connects with the rack (wrist plate) to install, thus has guaranteed the stave strength reasonable distribution. This kind of breaker diameter is 1.25, the width is 3, can break the medium degree of hardness material, it gives the material granularity is 250, the product granularity is 75, productivity is 2223. The breaker riddle gap may through the mechanical way adjustment, and is loaded with the over-load protection. Soviet Machinoexport Corporation produces the impact type breaker, is used for the stave medium degree of hardness the wear-resisting ore. This kind of breaker needs the actuation power is small, but the reduction ratio is big. This company also makes many kinds of pattern rotor type breaker which is used in thick garrulous, garrulous and broken bits, having SMD-85A and SMD-86A; SMD-75 and the SMD-94A. These two kinds of rotor type breakers are both the single rotor breaker. The hydraulic unit is the material and when the stave cavity jamming which is used for to release cannot break carries on the unloading. The DDZW-1512 double pin rolls breaker is made by the company is used in the stave intensity reaching as high as 200 mega bars materials, and its stave productivity is 50~150. The pin roll may be the obtuse edge or is the gentle centrums; the obtuse edge pin roll gives the material granularity to be big. This machine is loaded with the gap adjusting device and the roll abounds elasticity protective device. American Mclanahan Corporation has produced the standard type recently, medium and the extra large type two sections and three roller s breaker.A two sections of three rollers stave function replaces the stave work which two independent breakers can complete. This kind of breaker may break the raw coal or other materials down to 15. This company makes the single roll breaker which is used for the stave rock, the ore, the crushed stone, the coal and the hard oil shale is especially effective. For coherency high or humidity big material, its product fineness compared with impact type breaker product granularity must be thinner. Under the standard speed, the crushing roller of the two sections and three rollers breaker, of which productivity is 75～600. This company makes the Mclanahan revolving coal breaker, which is loaded with the drill hole lamina crib Rosa, using in the stave apple coal hungry medium degree of hardness the coal, and the productivity is extremely big. This machine characteristic is the driving gear and the tube bodies have the extremely precise concentricity. Tube in vivo is loaded with the wear-resisting backing, and the tube body both sides give the material reason and the ex-dinning reason for the non resistance. This function simultaneously completes breaks and sieves two parts in a revolution work. American Mcnally Pittsburg Corporation makes the stave lump coal specially the coal breaker —— “Geomantic” the double rolls breaker, the heavy double rolls breaker, the revolving breaker, two sections of four roller Geomantic breaker and the single roll breaker. The Geomantic breaker unique feature is: Using tensile strength very high gear which Mcnally Corporation develops, for dustproof has used the good packing assembly. When the breaker moves, can change the position of the action roller to adjust the product the granularity. This company makes two sections of four rollers breaker is made by two double rolls breaker assembly. Luxembourg Mecan-Arbed Corporation makes the large-scale Abed pin roll breaker, used in thick garrulous or the garrulous work, stave brittleness or hard material (also moisture content big and coherent high material).This company makes the pin roll breaker together with 13 kinds of specifications. The smallest pin roll breaker, of which actuation power is 237, and its productivity is 150~200, the product granularity is 50. The actuation power of the largest-scale pin roll breaker is 2600, and productivity is 2400~3000, and the product granularity is 300~400. The Mammoth breaker made by the West German QK Corporation is one kind of single rotor hammer type breaker, and is suitable in the single roll thick garrulous hardly to the hard limestone and cement raw material. This kind of breaker altogether has 12 kinds of specifications: For the material granularity is 0～25, the actuation power is 100～3500. The Titan breaker made by this company, can break the material is similar to the Mammoth breaker, but gives the material granularity is 1200～2300, and productivity is 220～1200, and the actuation power is 2170～2900. This company makes impact type breaker has 18 kinds of specifications. Giving the material granularity is most greatly 400～1600, and productivity is 20～1800, and the stave product granularity is 0～150, and the actuation power is 22～2000. The HBK hammer type breaker made by this company mainly is used in the crushed stone which the stave road building project needs (hardly to hard). QK Corporation makes the garrulous hammer type breaker have 10 kinds of specifications, using in stave as the hard material or thick garrulous cement raw material, and the electric motor power are 30～400, and the stave productivity is 20～280. Czechoslovakian Pragoinvest Corporation making 8 kinds of specifications the OKD impact type hammer type breakers, is used in the stave productivity being high, the reduction ratio is also big. The OKD breaker structure characteristic is, having the giant stave cavity above the large-scale rotor. Through stave hammer revolving, project the material to the stave cavity wall on, and cause it to attack stave. The bulk material which has not been broken falls down the discharge hole place riddle, attacking stave once more. This kind of breaker been used the hydraulic control system, is loaded with the riddle in the breaker behind dump mouth place and used in disassembling with installing the stave hammer the hydraulic unit. West German PHB-Weserhutte(PWH) Corporation makes the single roll and the double rolls breaker, and its crushing roller may be the smooth roll, perhaps on the garrulous roller the chamfer, and is loaded with the stave tooth. This kind of breaker is used in stave hard or the soft material. The PWH single rotor hammer type breaker of the company also is used in stave as softly as the hard material, and has the very high reduction ratio, and may cause the stave product the granularity to be smaller than 3 millimeters. Australian Voest-Alpine Corporation makes two patterns the double rolls breaker. One kind is loaded with the adjustment crushing roller gap mechanism and the elastic unloading roller. Two pattern breakers both may accord the different need, installing the first tone roller, the ripple roller and the serrated roller separately. The first type is used in stave materials and so on limestone, gypsum, pearlier; The second type is used in stave hard materials and so on iron ore, fever stone, slag and coke. This company making the Sand breaker is suitable for the reduction ratio big situation. This company has also made the heavy intermediate crusher, using in the stave pebbles or the difficult garrulous rock. Voest-Alpine Corporation has also made one kind of Centro breaker, and this machine is loaded with the high speed turbine type rotor, which is used in the grit gravel stave, and the product granularity is 50. This machine concentrates by upside giving the material, and the material to the rigid stave cavity wall direction movement. The rotor has the wearing capacity smallest structure and the best stave effect. Productivity is about 50 tons/hour, this kind of breaker, is suitable in the stave 0～5 grade occupies 80% sand and crushed stone. This machine has two kinds of specifications: 12501250 and 16001600, the actuation power is 5575. 10 指 導 教 師 評 語 外文翻譯成績： 指導教師簽字： 年 月 日 注：1. 指導教師對譯文進行評閱時應注意以下幾個方面：①翻譯的外文文獻與畢業(yè)設計（論文）的主題是否高度相關，并作為外文參考文獻列入畢業(yè)設計（論文）的參考文獻；②翻譯的外文文獻字數(shù)是否達到規(guī)定數(shù)量（3 000字以上）；③譯文語言是否準確、通順、具有參考價值。 2. 外文原文應以附件的方式置于譯文之后。